Two new species of the genus Thalassaphorura Bagnall, 1949 (Collembola: Onychiuridae) from South China, with an updated key to world species of the genus
Author
Sun, Xin
Author
Bedos, Anne
Author
Deharveng, Louis
text
Zootaxa
2017
2017-10-25
4338
2
319
332
journal article
31744
10.11646/zootaxa.4338.2.6
80f30000-004b-48ab-845d-d5e227850f8d
1175-5326
1036197
14E9C2F1-0D23-4538-85C0-EAC9D0D6A8DC
Key to world species of the genus
Thalassaphorura
Bagnall, 1949
(Modified from
Sun, Chen & Deharveng 2010
)
1 Antennal base with 4 pso............................................................................... 2
- Antennal base with 3 pso.............................................................................. 4
2
AS
absent, dorsal pso formula as 42/333/33332......................
T. hoguei
(
Palacios-Vargas & Díaz, 1995
)
,
Mexico
-
AS
present.......................................................................................... 3
3 Head with 3+3 posterior pso, Abd. I–III terga with 4+4 pso each..............................................................................................
T. halophila
(
Bagnall, 1937
)
sensu
Fjellberg 1998
; Northern Holarctic
- Head with 2+2 posterior pso, Abd. I–III terga with 3+3 pso each...................
T. tamurai
(
Yue & Yin, 2000
)
;
China
4 AIIIO with 4 papillae................................................................................. 5
- AIIIO with 5 papillae................................................................................. 9
5
AS
present.......................................................................................... 6
-
AS
absent........................................................................................... 8
6 Head with 3+3 posterior pso, dorsal pso formula as 33/033/333(4)43, pso absent ventrally, basal lamella on unguiculus absent,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.8..................................................
T. biquaternata
Sun & Li, 2015b
;
China
- Head with 2+2 posterior pso............................................................................ 7
7 Pso formula dorsally as 32/122/22332, ventrally as 1/000/001100, basal lamella on unguiculus present.......................................................................................
T. butrosi
(
Christiansen, 1956
)
;
Lebanon
- Pso formula dorsally as 32/233/33343, ventrally as 11/000/01120, basal lamella on unguiculus absent...........................................................................................
T. xihuensis
Sun & Li, 2015a
;
China
8 Pso formula ventrally as 11/000/01000, VT with 0+0/6+6/1+1 chaetae.....................................................................
T. cryptopyga
(
Denis, 1931
)
sensu
Najt & Weiner, 1997
; Neotropics, Pacific islands,
Indonesia
- Pso formula ventrally as 11/000/01120, VT with 1+1/6+6/2+2 chaetae...........................................................................................................
T. tovtrensis
(Kaprus’ &
Weiner, 1994
);
Ukraine
9 Th. I tergum without pso.............................................................................. 10
- Th. I tergum with pso................................................................................ 13
10 Head with 3+3 posterior pso, unguiculus with basal lamella,
AS
/unguis ratio as 1.........................................................................................
T. alborufescens
(
Vogler, 1895
)
sensu
Gisin (1957)
; Europe
- Head with 2+2 posterior pso, unguiculus without basal lamella................................................ 11
11
Abd. I
–III terga with 2+2 pso,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.9.......................
T. bagnalli
(
Salmon, 1959
)
; Great Britain.
- Abd. I–III terga with 3+3 pso,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.6–0.7.................................................... 12
12 Pso formula dorsally as 32/022/33323..................................
T. kirgisica
(
Martynova, 1971
)
; Kirghizstan
- Pso formula dorsally as 32/033/33333...............................................
T. lolae
Arbea, 2017
;
Spain
13 Th. I tergum with 1+1 pso............................................................................. 14
- Th. I tergum with 2+2 pso............................................................................. 25
14 Pso formula dorsally as 32/11(3)1(2)/22(3)2(3)2(3)3,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.9........................................
T. moniezi
(
Bagnall, 1935
)
Great Britain
. Note:
Sun
et al
. (2010)
, following
Bagnall (1937)
, consider the species as a member of his “group” “
T. debilis
”.
- Pso formula dorsally different.......................................................................... 15
15 Th. II–III terga with 2+2 pso each....................................................................... 16
- Th. II–III terga with 3+3 pso each....................................................................... 19
16 Subcoxa 1 of legs I, II, III with 1, 1, 1 pso................................................................ 17
- Subcoxa 1 of legs I, II, III with 2, 2, 2 pso................................................................ 18
17 Pso formula ventrally as 11/000/01000, VT with 1+1 anterior chaetae.....
T. reducta
Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010
; China
- Pso formula ventrally as 11/000/01110, VT without anterior chaetae....................
T. guangxiensis
sp. nov.
;
China
18 3+3 chaetae between posterior pso on head, VT with 1+1 basal chaetae,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.4, unguiculus/unguis ratio as 0.4, 3+3 paired axial chaetae on Abd. I–III terga...........................
T. bapen
Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010
;
China
- 4+4 chaetae between posterior pso on head, VT with 2+2 basal chaetae,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.6, unguiculus/unguis ratio as 0.7, 2+2 paired axial chaetae on Abd. I–III terga.................................
guangdongensis
Sun & Li, 2015a
;
China
19 Abdominal sterna without pso,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.7–1.1.............
T. thalassophila
(
Bagnall, 1937
)
;
Northern Europe
- Abdominal sterna with pso............................................................................ 20
20 Pso formula on Abd. I–V dorsally as 33334, ventrally as 0 1120, subcoxa 1 of legs I, II, III with 1, 1, 1 pso,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.3, d0 on head absent........................................
T. jailolonis
(
Yoshii & Suhardjono, 1992
)
;
Indonesia
- Pso formula on Abd. I–V different...................................................................... 21
21 Subcoxa 1 of legs I, II, III with 1, 1, 1 pso, pso formula dorsally as 32/133/33343, ventrally as 11/000/00010, unguiculus reduced to small blunt process.....................................
T. brevisetosa
Sun, Gao & Potapov, 2014
;
China
- Subcoxa 1 of legs I, II, III with 2, 2, 2 pso................................................................ 22
22 Chaetae d0 on head absent, tibiotarsi with 6 chaetae in the distal whorl, labium
type
AB, VT with 0+0/8–11+8–11/1+1 (8– 10+
8–10 in
females, 11+
11 in
males, of which 9+9 modified) chaetae, pso formula on
Abd. I
–V dorsally as 33343, ventrally as 0 0 0 10,
AS
/unguis ratio as 1.1–1.2..............................
T. problematica
Sun, Deharveng & Wu, 2013
; China
- Chaetae d0 on head present, tibiotarsi with 9 chaetae in the distal whorl, labium
type
AC........................... 23
23 3+3 p-chaetae between two inner posterior pso on head, VT with 1+1/7+7(8)/2+2 chaetae, pso formula on Abd. I–V dorsally as 3,3-4,3,4-6,3-4, ventrally as 0111(2)0,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.47–0.77....................................................................................................
T. debilis
(
Moniez, 1890
)
;
Western
and northern Europe
- 4+4 p-chaetae between two inner posterior pso on head..................................................... 24
24
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.75,
Th. I
sternum with 1+1 chaetae................
T. grandis
Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010
; China
-
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.2,
Th. I
sternum without chaetae................................
T. microspinata
sp. nov.
; China
25 Pso formula dorsally as 32/233/33343................................................................... 26
- Pso formula dorsally different.......................................................................... 45
26
AS
absent....................................................................
T. franzi
(
Stach, 1946
)
;
Austria
-
AS
present.......................................................................................... 27
27 Tibiotarsi with 6–7 chaetae in the distal whorl............................................................. 28
- Tibiotarsi with 9 chaetae in the distal whorl............................................................... 31
28 Pso formula on
Abd. I
–V ventrally as 0 0 0 10............................................................................................
T. sensilata
(
Thibaud & Massoud, 1979
)
;
Dominica
(
France
)
, Guadeloupe (France), Mexico
- Pso formula on Abd. I–V ventrally as 0 1120.............................................................. 29
29 1+1 dorsal S-chaetae on head,
AS
/unguis ratio as 1.......
T. petaloides
(
Rusek, 1981
)
;
Irak
,
New Caledonia
,
Hawaii
,
China
- 2+2 dorsal S-chaetae on head.......................................................................... 30
30 Unguiculus/unguis ratio less than 0.2, head ventrally with 1+1 pso,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.9.................................................................................................
T. thaibinhensis
Nguyen, 2001
;
Vietnam
- Unguiculus/unguis ratio as 0.5, head ventrally with 2+2 pso,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.7............................................................................................
T. tibiotarsalis
Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010
;
China
31 Pso formula on Abd. I–V ventrally 11/000/01110.......................................................... 32
- Pso formula on Abd. I–V ventrally as 11/000/01120 or 11/000/11120........................................... 33
32 Th. I tergum with 7+7 chaetae, body length
1.4 mm
...............................................................................................
T. duplopunctata
(
Strenzke, 1954
) sensu
Fjellberg 1998
and; Northern Holarctic
- Th. I tergum with 5+5 chaetae, body length
0.8–1.1 mm
..............
T. pomorskii
Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010
;
China
33 Pso formula ventrally as 11/000/11120, 1+1 dorsal S-chaetae on head,
AS
/unguis ratio as 1, Unguiculus /unguis ratio as 0.7, without basal lamella...................................................
T. kwona
(
Thibaud & Lee, 1994
)
;
Korea
- Pso formula ventrally as 11/000/01120................................................................... 34
34 4+4 chaetae between inner posterior pso on head........................................................... 35
- 3+3 chaetae between inner posterior pso on head........................................................... 36
35
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.5, VT with 1+1/6+6/2+2 chaetae, male ventral organ absent....................................
..................................................
T. lifouensis
(
Thibaud & Weiner, 1997
)
;
New Caledonia
,
China
-
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.9–1.0, VT with 1+1/7+7/2+2 chaetae, male ventral organ presents on VT as 2+2 strongly modified distal chaetae..............................................................
T. qinlingensis
Sun & Wu, 2013
;
China
36 Th. I sternum without chaetae, PAO with 16–17 vesicles, Th. I tergum with 5+5 chaetae, unguiculus with basal lamella, unguiculus/unguis as 0.7,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.3, on indistinct papillae, VT with 1+1/6+6/2+2 chaetae, Abd. VI tergum with one unpaired chaeta a0............................................
T. hainanica
Sun, Gao & Potapov, 2014
;
China
- Th. I sternum with 1+1 chaetae......................................................................... 37
37 PAO with about 10–13 vesicles, dorsal S-chaetae formula as 2/011/11101, unguiculus without basal lamella, unguiculus/unguis as 1, VT with 1+1/5+5/2+2 chaetae, Th. I tergum with 6+6 (7+7) chaetae,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.4..................................................................................................
T. tenuis
Babenko, 2007
;
Russia
- PAO with more than 20 vesicles........................................................................ 38
38 Th. I tergum with 5+5 chaetae.......................................................................... 39
- Th. I tergum with more than 5+5 chaetae................................................................. 41
39 Abd. VI tergum with one unpaired axial chaeta (m0).........
T. zschokkei
(
Handschin, 1919
) sensu
Pomorski 1998
; Europe
- Abd. VI tergum with two unpaired axial chaetae (a0 and m0)................................................. 40
40 Unguiculus without basal lamella, PAO with 21–23 vesicles, unguiculus/unguis ratio as 0.6,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.6.....................................................................................
T. linzhiensis
Sun & Li, 2015a
- Unguiculus with basal lamella, PAO with 24–26 vesicles, unguiculus/unguis ratio as 0.5,
AS
/unguis ratio as 1.............................................................................
T. tiani
Sun, Chen & Deharveng, 2010
;
China
41 Labial type A, VT with 1+1/6–7+6–7/1+1 (2+2) chaetae, 6 proximal chaetae on labium, AS/unguis ratio as 0.8.............................................................
T. encarpata
(
Denis, 1931
)
sensu
Fjellberg 1998
; Cosmopolitan
- Labial
type
AC..................................................................................... 42
42 7 proximal chaetae on labium, VT with 0+0/6–7+6–7/0+0 chaetae, male ventral organ presents as 6–12 setae on Abd. II and 7– 10 on Abd. III arranged asymmetrically,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.8..............
T. qixiaensis
Yan, Shi, & Chen, 2006
;
China
- 6 proximal chaetae on labium.......................................................................... 43
43 Furca with only two small dental chaetae, chaetae on ventral tube as 1+1/7+7/2+2, male ventral organ presents on VT as 2+2 strongly modified distal chaetae,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.9...........................
T. bisetosa
Sun & Wu, 2013
;
China
- Furca with four small dental chaetae..................................................................... 44
44 Chaetae on ventral tube as 1+1/7+7/2+2, male ventral organ presents on VT as 2+2 strongly modified distal chaetae,
AS
/ unguis ratio as 0.7...........................................................
T. petiti
Sun & Wu, 2013
;
China
- Chaetae on ventral tube as 1+1/6+6/2+2, male ventral organ presents on VT as 5+5 strongly modified distal chaetae,
AS
/ unguis ratio as 1.1.....................................................
T. macrospinata
Sun & Wu, 2012
;
China
45 Pso formula on Abd. I–V dorsally as 32/233/33333......................................................... 46
- Pso formula on Abd. I–V dorsally different............................................................... 49
46 PAO with about 45 vesicles, AS/unguis ratio as 0.4.................................
T. ishikawai
(
Yosii, 1956
)
; Japan
- PAO with less than 40 vesicles......................................................................... 47
47 Unguiculus with basal lamella, PAO with about 25 vesicles,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.7.........................................................................................................
T. guineaensis
(
Salmon, 1965
)
;
Guinea
- Unguiculus without basal lamella....................................................................... 48
48 Th. I sternum without chaetae, pso formula ventrally as 1/000/11120...............
T. yolandae
(
Izarra, 1971
)
;
Venezuela
- Th. I sternum with 1+1 chaetae, pso formula ventrally as 11/000/11200.........
T. yodai
(
Yosii, 1966
)
;
Nepal
,
China
,
Japan
49 Pso formula dorsally as as 32/1-233/3,3-4,3,4-6,3-4, ventrally as 11/000/0111(2)0, VT with 1+1/7+7(8)/2+2 chaetae,
AS
/ unguis ratio as 0.47–0.77..............................................
T. debilis
(
Moniez, 1890
)
; Northern Europe
- Pso formula different................................................................................. 50
50 Pso formula dorsally as 32/233/3333(4)2, ventrally as 11/000/00010, VT with “9–10+9–10” chaetae,
AS
/unguis ratio as 0.5............................................................................
T. orientalis
(
Stach, 1964
)
;
China
- Pso formula dorsally as 32/233/33342, ventrally as 1/111/00000, VT with 1+1/6+6/1+1 chaetae,
AS
/unguis ratio as about 0.7.........................................................................
T. ghatensis
(
Prabhoo, 1971
)
;
India