<document id="9B78F503588BF0B4815BDA9FC5E25F43" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4SLASH11152" ID-CLB-Dataset="32970" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="583381" ID-ZooBank="EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1495784421401" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maldaner, Maria E., Cupello, Mario, Ferreira, Daniela C. &amp; Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2017" docId="163B87AD622C18789E8FFCA75F79FB95" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4272.1.4SLASH11152.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4272 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phanaeus miles Castelnau 1840" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="EA02FFD5622A187E9E18FFB95E51FFEF" masterDocTitle="Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini)" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="89" updateTime="1698439934823" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D4AA5FB3498CD35F57E94E59B1AB40F2">Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B33FE265E9497B0136D6FF8DFC91847C">Maldaner, Maria E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A20E675A21F5D0636A1B82C6BB05C28E">Cupello, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="954424E2AE3F1E973FF1F39FBA4CEBC0">Ferreira, Daniela C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0DE4F2489E21F3CA8A5B6EA7AA62CEEB">Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="9E2D36BB622C18789E8FFCA75D78FCD7" blockId="6.[151,809,798,824]" box="[151,809,798,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
<heading id="C56581D7622C18789E8FFCA75D78FCD7" bold="true" box="[151,809,798,824]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="59924D38622C18789E8FFCA75C05FCD7" ID-CoL="4FSMY" authority="Castelnau, 1840: 80" authorityName="Castelnau" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,596,798,824]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miles">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789E8FFCA75F07FCD7" bold="true" box="[151,342,798,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Phanaeus miles</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="1F3310AA622C18789F45FCA75C05FCD7" author="Castelnau" box="[349,596,798,824]" page="80" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" year="1840">
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789F45FCA75C79FCD7" author="Castelnau" box="[349,552,798,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Castelnau, F. L. N. C. le C. de. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Avec une introduction renfermantel l'anatomie et la physiologie des animaux articules, par M. Brulle; ouvrage accompagne de 155 planches gravees sur acier representant plus de 800 sujets. Tome deuxieme. P. Dumenil, Paris, 563 pp., 38 pls." type="book" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
: 80
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</taxonomicName>
. Available name.
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789E8FFCDC5F01FC91" bold="true" box="[151,336,869,894]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Type specimen:</emphasis>
Unknown to us.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E2D36BB622C18789EDFFC305CEBFC4D" blockId="6.[151,1436,869,1146]" box="[199,698,905,930]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789EDFFC305F38FC4D" bold="true" box="[199,361,905,930]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Type locality:</emphasis>
‘ 
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789F61FC335F8AFC4E" box="[377,475,906,929]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Cayenne</emphasis>
’ (
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789FEBFC305CFCFC4D" author="Castelnau" box="[499,685,905,930]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Castelnau, F. L. N. C. le C. de. (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres. Avec une introduction renfermantel l'anatomie et la physiologie des animaux articules, par M. Brulle; ouvrage accompagne de 155 planches gravees sur acier representant plus de 800 sujets. Tome deuxieme. P. Dumenil, Paris, 563 pp., 38 pls." type="book" year="1840">Castelnau, 1840</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E2D36BB622C18789EDFFC145F79FB95" blockId="6.[151,1436,869,1146]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789EDFFC145F8FFC29" bold="true" box="[199,478,941,966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">Nomenclatural history:</emphasis>
In the same way as for 
<taxonomicName id="59924D38622C18789CF1FC175D6EFC29" box="[745,831,941,966]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heros">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789CF1FC175D6EFC29" box="[745,831,941,966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">P. heros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, to our knowledge, the first author to include 
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<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789B5DFC175BCDFC29" box="[1349,1436,941,966]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">P. miles</emphasis>
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among the synonyms of 
<taxonomicName id="59924D38622C18789FB4FC6B5C75FC05" box="[428,548,977,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789FB4FC6B5C75FC05" box="[428,548,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">C. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was 
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789C47FC685D7DFC05" author="Lacordaire" box="[607,812,977,1002]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Lacordaire, J. T. (1856) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Genera des coleopteres, ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Tome troisieme. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 594 pp." type="book" year="1856">Lacordaire (1856)</bibRefCitation>
, who considered Castelnau’s description as referring to males specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="59924D38622C18789F60FC4F5FBCFBE1" box="[376,493,1013,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lancifer">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789F60FC4F5FBCFBE1" box="[376,493,1013,1038]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">C. lancifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This synonymy was followed by all subsequent revisers and cataloguers (
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789B37FC4C5E82FBDD" author="Nevinson" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Nevinson, B. G. (1892) Revised synonymic list of species in the genera Phanaeus MacLeay and Oxysternon Castelnau. Privately published, London, 10 pp." type="book" year="1892">Nevinson 1892</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789EC5FBA05F0CFBDD" author="Gillet" box="[221,349,1049,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Gillet, J. J. E. (1911) Coleopterorum Catalogus auspiciis et auxilio W. Junk editus a S. Schenkling. Pars 38: Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. W. Junk, Berlin, 100 pp." type="book" year="1911">Gillet 1911</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789F70FBA05C65FBDD" author="d'Olsoufieff" box="[360,564,1049,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="d'Olsoufieff, G. (1924) Les Phanaeides (Coleoptera - Lamellicornia), Famille Scarabaeidae - Tr. Coprini. Insecta, 13, 4 - 201." type="journal article" year="1924">d’Olsoufieff 1924</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789C27FBA35C9CFBDD" author="Pessoa" box="[575,717,1050,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Pessoa, S. B. (1934) Contribuicao para o conhecimento das especies brasileiras do genero Phanaeus (Col. Scarabaeidae). Annaes da Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Paulo, 10, 279 - 314." type="journal article" year="1934">Pessôa 1934</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789CC0FBA05DF6FBDD" author="Blackwelder" box="[728,935,1049,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, West Indies and South America. Part 2. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 185, 189 - 341." type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA034B4A622C18789DAAFBA05A92FBDD" author="Edmonds" box="[946,1219,1049,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" refString="Edmonds, W. D. &amp; Zidek, J. (2010) A taxonomic review of the Neotropical genus Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Insecta Mundi, 129, 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="2010">Edmonds &amp; Zídek 2010</bibRefCitation>
). No 
<typeStatus id="41298819622C18789AE5FBA35B0EFBDD" box="[1277,1375,1050,1074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
were found and, therefore, a 
<typeStatus id="41298819622C18789FBAFB845C58FBB9" box="[418,521,1085,1110]" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation is not possible at the moment. See the discussion on 
<taxonomicName id="59924D38622C18789AEDFB875B22FBB9" box="[1269,1395,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sylvanus">
<emphasis id="ACE6EAA9622C18789AEDFB875B22FBB9" box="[1269,1395,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="89">P. sylvanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for more details.
</paragraph>
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