Review of the intertidal rove beetle tribe Liparocephalini Fenyes (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from Japan
Author
Tasaku, Yuto
Department of Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Hokkaido, 005 - 8601, Japan. & Corresponding author
Author
Ono, Hiroki
Sounan, Minami-ku, Sagamihara-shi, Kanagawa, 252 - 0312, Japan.
Author
Maruyama, Munetoshi
The Kyushu University Museum, Hakozaki 6 - 10 - 1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812 - 8581, Japan.
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-12-12
5383
3
251
296
https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5383.3.1/52454
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.5383.3.1
1175-5326
10361564
20988E42-C14D-4878-A716-8CEAB5E5EF92
Systematics of
Liparocephalini
In this study, we recognize six genera of
Liparocephalini
from
Japan
and found that they can be classified into three genus-groups: the
Liparocephalus
genus-group comprises
Liparocephalus
,
Diaulota
, and the newly described
Rotundicephala
gen. n.
; the
Amblopusa
genus-group consists of
Amblopusa
and
Halorhadinus
. Lastly, we have the
Paramblopusa
genus-group including only
Paramblopusa
. Within these delineated groups, the
Liparocephalus
and
Amblopusa
groups share notable similarities in the structure of the labial palpus: typically comprising two palpomeres, occasionally three, with palpomere II generally commensurate in width to palpomere I. The palpomere I is conspicuously longer than II, as visually depicted in
Figures 4C
,
7D
,
8C
,
10C
,
12C
,
16C
,
19C
, and
20D
. It is highly plausible that these two genus groups, inclusive of the
type
genus of the tribe, represent monophyletic assemblages, collectively constituting the core
Liparocephalini
. Conversely, the
Paramblopusa
group is distinguished from these core
Liparocephalini
through the 3-palpomere labial palpus, with palpomere II being more slender than I, as in
Figure 22C
. These distinctive characteristics render its inclusion within the
Liparocephalini
taxon less tenable. A comprehensive inquiry is requisite to ascertain the precise taxonomic placement of
Paramblopusa
.
Other genera within
Liparocephalini
, namely
Ianmoorea
Ahn, 2006
, distributed in
New Zealand
, and
Ashella
Klimaszewski, 2020
, known from the
US
, exhibit a stronger affinity with the
Salinamexus
Moore & Legner, 1977
, which currently holds an uncertain tribal classification (
Maruyama, 2011
;
Newton, 2022
), than the core
Liparocephalini
. Notably,
Ianmoorea
and
Salinamexus
share the following characteristics: a diamond-shaped apical lobe of the paramere (
Fig.
14
in
Ahn, 2004
;
Figs. 12
,
21
,
31 in
Maruyama, 2011
); a depressed apical margin of male tergite VIII (
Fig.
11
in
Ahn, 2004
), and a trapezoidal mentum with a truncate anterior margin (
Fig.
9
in
Ahn, 2004
;
Fig.
6
in
Jeon & Ahn, 2007
). While
Ashella
has not yet illustrated its mouthparts, the body shape (
Fig. 21
. 259a in
Klimaszewski, 2020
) and the shape of the male tergite VIII (
Fig. 21
. 259d in
Klimaszewski, 2020
) bear resemblance to those of
Salinamexus
(
Figs. 1–3
,
9
,
18
&
27 in
Maruyama, 2011
). Furthermore, the characteristics of the mentum and male tergite VIII, though they exhibit homoplasy, are also shared with
Actocharis
Sharp, 1870
, the sole genus of the tribe
Actocharini Bernhauer & Schubert, 1911
known from the western Palearctic coastal region (
Figs. 2
,
3b
&
4b
in
Assing, 1992
). We hypothesize that these four genera are likely closely related, and
Ianmoorea
and
Ashella
are provisionally excluded from
Liparocephalini
. In
Orlov
et al
. (2021)
,
Actocharis
(Actocharini)
is postulated as a sister group or ingroup of
Liparocephalini
. However, their analysis did not encompass the
Amblopusa
group of
Liparocephalini
, and the accurate systematic position of
Actocharini
and monophyly of the aforementioned four genera still necessitate further discussion.
Baeostethus
Broun, 1909
cannot be thoroughly discussed as important characteristics are not described in
Pace (1989)
and
Leschen
et al
. (2002)
, but the dorsal habitus (
Fig. 1I
in
Orlov
et al
., 2020
) shows striking similarities to the
Liparocephalus
group. Here we regard it as incertae sedis within
Liparocephalini
.
Hence, we consider the core
Liparocephalini
with five genera:
Liparocephalus
,
Diaulota
,
Rotundicephala
gen. n.
,
Amplopusa
, and
Halorhadinus
. The affiliation of other genera will need to be addressed in future studies.
The coastal
Aleocharinae
are taxonomically not well understood due to their similar morphological specialization resulting from coastal adaptation. Moreover, the misidentification highlighted in this study has further contributed to the confusion. Although most of these issues have been resolved in our study, future phylogenetic analyses of the entire subfamily
Aleocharinae
will be necessary to elucidate their relationships with other tribes.