Systematic revision of the pantropical whip spider family Charinidae Quintero, 1986 (Arachnida, Amblypygi) Author Miranda, Gustavo Silva de 81150D94-592A-4CE5-8E88-E60F557A4341 Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. & Entomology Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA. smiranda.gustavo@gmail.com Author Giupponi, Alessandro P. L. 434112AC-B212-43E8-A5D9-2F5D5619AFC4 Laboratório de Referência Nacional em Vetores das Riquetsioses, LIRN-IOC-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. agiupponi@gmail.com Author Prendini, Lorenzo C2D080D0-75DB-4DA1-A101-AB4DCF50FF0A Arachnology Lab, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA. lorenzo@amnh.org Author Scharff, Nikolaj F84D2235-66D2-460C-820D-80024068759D Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. & Entomology Department, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA. & Zoology Section, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. nscharff@snm.ku.dk text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-09-24 772 1 409 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.772.1505 journal article 4042 10.5852/ejt.2021.772.1505 b65bb5a9-bbe7-49a4-af44-4b4c03121288 2118-9773 5536410 9B82A32F-0A07-47E3-8684-FED7C8EBF1E9 Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972 Figs 8C–D , 43 , 48 ; Table 4 Charinus brasilianus Weygoldt, 1972b: 108–115 , figs 1–11, 22a. Charinus brasilianus – Weygoldt 1972c: 100 , fig. 7a–b; 1972d: 37–40, figs 8–9, 10a–b; 1975: 311; 1996a: 187, 189–190, figs 2, 13–14, 22, 40; 1999b: 52, fig. 6; 1999c: 107, figs 8–10; 2000a: 15, 17, 75, 98, figs 6–9, 15, 152–153, 212; 2000b figs 348, 4–5; 2006a: 239–240, 245–246, fig. 13. — Weygoldt et al . 1972: 209–246 , figs 14d, 16b, 18c, 19. — Delle Cave 1986: 162 , fig. II. — Proctor 1998: 160 . — Harvey 2003: 4–5 . — Baptista & Giupponi 2003: 80 . — Haupt 2009: 18 , fig. 4. — Miranda & Giupponi 2011: 66 , fig. 13. — Jocqué & Giupponi 2012: 59 . — Vasconcelos et al. 2013: 495 , fig. 12. — Vasconcelos & Ferreira 2016: 185 . — Miranda et al. 2016c: 19 , 21, 29, 31. Diagnosis This species may be separated from C. monasticus sp. nov. , C. taboa , C. troglobius , and C. una sp. nov. by the presence of well-developed median and lateral eyes. It differs from C. diamantinus sp. nov. , C. euclidesi sp. nov. , C. souzai , and C. sooretama sp. nov. , in the lower number of teeth on the cheliceral claw: six teeth are present in C. brasilianus whereas more than six are present in the other species. Etymology Although unspecified, the species name is evidently an adjective referring to Brazil , the country in which the type locality is located. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • ♂ ; Espírito Santo , 10 km N of Vitoria ; [ 20°11′08.74″ S , 40°16′05.53″ W ]; “Berg links d. Strass u. Nova Almeida”; Weygoldt leg.; Oct. 1970 ; MNRJ 9014 . Paratypes BRAZIL • 1 ♀ ; same collection data as for holotype; MNRJ 9014 • 1 ♀ , 3 juv. ♂♂ , 3 ♂♂ , 2 juv. [without gonopod]; same collection data as for holotype; SMF 25397 . Additional material BRAZIL • 1 ♀ , 1 ♂ ; Espírito Santo , Santa Tereza , Nova Valssugana ; May 2005 ; T. Souza leg., MNRJ 9271 • 1 juv. ♀ ; Espírito Santo , Santa Tereza , Reserva Santa Lúcia ; 19°56′10″ S , 40°36′06″ W ; 15–19 Oct. 2003 ; Almeida , Bapstista , Giupponi , Mendes and Pedroso leg.; MNRJ 9232 • 2 ♀♀ , 3 ♂♂ , 3 juv. ; Espírito Santo , Aracruz , Parque Natural Municipal do Aricanga ; 19°49′07.21″ S , 40°19′47.57″ W ; 17 Oct. 2005 ; MNRJ 9240 • 2 ♀♀ , 1 juv. ♂ ; Espírito Santo , Aracruz , Aricanga ; MNRJ 9233 • 1 ♂ ; Espírito Santo , Aracruz , REFMU do Aricanga ; 14 Oct. 2005 ; Expedição ESFA leg.; MNRJ 9241 • 1 ♀ , 4 ♂♂ ; Espírito Santo , Aracruz , Parque Natural Municipal David Victor Farina ; 19°55′55.67″ S , 40°07′39.22″ W ; 15 Oct. 2005 ; A. Giupponi , A. Kury , V. Orrico , M. Milleri , R. Rodrigues and T. Souza leg.; MNRJ 9226 . Supplementary description CARAPACE. Frontal process large, triangular, not visible in dorsal view; median eyes and median ocular tubercle present ( Fig. 48A–B, G ); lateral eyes well developed, small seta posterior to each lateral ocular triad; lenses directed anteriorly and dorsally. STERNUM. Tritosternum projected anteriorly into large blunt tubercle; medial platelet (tetrasternum) and third platelet (pentasternum) with one convex platelet, with pair of setae anteriorly and few small setae posteriorly ( Fig. 48H ); metasternum with clear division in anterior half, and with anterior seta in membranous region and seta in sclerotized area, where sulcus terminates; anterior margin with small elevation bearing longitudinal row of five large setae with longitudinal series of smaller setae anterior to them. OPISTHOSOMA. Ventral sacs and ventral sac cover absent. GENITALIA. Female genital operculum posterior margin straight, with few setae along margin and on surface; gonopods sucker-like, with wrinkled, folded cushion basally. Male gonopods with fimbriate LoL2, separated from LoL1 ( Fig. 8C–D ). CHELICERAE. Prolateral surface of basal article with vertical row of three or four setae; claw with six or seven teeth. PEDIPALPS. Femur with four (males) or five (females) dorsal spines and two prominent setiferous tubercles proximal to spine 1 ( Fig. 48C, E ); four or five ventral spines with one setiferous tubercle proximal to spine 1 and small spine displaced from primary series dorsal to spine 1 ( Fig. 48D, F ). Patella with five dorsal spines; spine distal to spine 1, about one-third length of spine 1 ( Fig. 48C, E ); three or four conspicuous ventral spines, decreasing in size, with small setiferous tubercles and spines forming secondary series between primary series of spines ( Fig. 48D, F ). Tibia with two dorsal spines; ventral spine situated in distal half, two-thirds length of proximal dorsal spine; two setae between spine and distal margin. Tarsus with two small curved spines, distal spine one-fifth length of tarsus, and proximal spine half length of distal spine. Ventral row of cleaning brush organ with 25–29 setae. LEGS. Tibia of leg I with 23 or more articles ( one specimen with 27 articles, another with 31); tarsus I with 41 or more articles ( one specimen with 44 articles, another with 43); first (distal) article of tibia with two small trichobothria, second article with one, third article with two, and fourth article with one. Leg IV basitibia with four pseudo-articles, with trichobothrium situated at distal end of first half of last pseudo-article; distitibia trichobothrium bc situated closer to sbf than to bf ; sc and sf series each with five trichobothria. Measurements See Table 4 . Distribution Populations of C. brasilianus were collected in several different municipalities, e.g., Aracruz, Aricanga, and Santa Teresa, in the vicinity of the type locality. Natural history This species occurs under stones and fallen tree trunks in tropical forest.