Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 299670 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6 0068-547X 11512126 Coryphaenoides microps (Smith and Radcliffe, 1912 ) Macrourus microps Smith and Radcliffe in Radcliffe, 1912:116–117 , pl. 25, fig. 3 ( holotype USNM 72934 , 42.5 cm long; Philippines , Lagonoy Gulf , se. Luzon , 13°37ʹ30ʺN , 123°41ʹ09ʺE ; Albatross sta. 5511, 560 fm [ 1024 m ]; 4 paratypes , sta. 5325 off n. Luzon, [ CAS-SU 2544 ]) Coryphaenoides microps : Gilbert and Hubbs, 1920:418–419 (descr.; holotype and 4 paratypes , CAS-SU 2246, n. Luzon, Albatross sta. 5325, 224 fm [ 410 m ]).— Shcherbachev and Iwamoto, 1995:300–301.— Chiou et al., 2004a : table 1 (listed from Taiwan).— Shao et al., 2008 : table 2 ( 1 spec. , SWT , 687 m ).— Kim et al., 2009:108–110 , fig. 3 (descr.; type spec., plus others from Philippines , Taiwan [ NET ], and Korea [East Sea, 115 m ; first record]) MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 53 spec. ).— NET : ASIZP 58265 (1, 250+ TL, 50.8 HL), Da-xi ; ASZIP 60252 (1, 137 TL), Da-xi ; ASZIP 61128 (4, 267+-330 TL), Da-xi ; ASIZP 63838 (2, 306–413 TL), CP 195, 570 m ; ASIZP 65566 (1, 93+ TL), CP 124, 1129–1165 m ; ASZIP 65657 (1, 233 TL), Da-xi ; ASIZP 66900 (1, 140 TL), CP 247, 480 m. SWT : ASIZP 63767 (1, 232+ TL), CD 194, 507 m ; ASIZP 63792 (1, 365+ TL) and ASIZP 64144 (1, 268+ TL), CD 193, 821 m ; ASIZP 65516 (2, 160–190 TL) and CAS 224886 (1, 175 TL, ex. ASIZP 65516 ), CD 142, 227– 235 m ; ASIZP 65526 (2, 150–200 TL), CD 138, 441 m ; ASIZP 65535 (4, 130–210 TL), CD 137, 316– 477 m ; ASIZP 65581 (1, 295 TL), CD 229, 880– 1062 m ; ASIZP 65591 (8, 160–200 TL), CD 136, 998– 1211 m ; ASIZP 65603 (1, 359 TL), CD 133, 690– 748 m ; ASIZP 65617 (1, 174 TL), CD 137, 316– 477 m ; ASIZP 65624 (1, 395 TL), CD 229, 880– 1062 m ; ASIZP 65639 (1, 385+ TL), CD 229, 880– 1062 m ; ASIZP 66099 (1, 295 TL), OCP 301, 687 m ; ASIZP 66109 (1, 320+ TL), OCP 301, 687 m ; ASIZP 66111 (1, 463+ TL), OCP 301, 687 m ; ASIZP 66413 (1, 220+ TL), Dong-gang ; ASIZP 66425 (1, 214+ TL), Dong-gang ; ASIZP 66427 (1, 166 TL), Dong-gang ; ASIZP 66786 (1, 310 TL), OCP 301, 687 m ; ASIZP 66799 (1, 188+ TL), OCP 302, 695 m. No data: ASIZP 65579 (1, 421 TL). Other material ( Univ. Philippines , Marine Science Institute , Manila [ UPMSI ]) : UPMSI uncat. (1, 380 TL) (no data, probably MUSORSTOM II ) ; UPMSI uncat. (5) MUSORSTOM II sta. 79, off Luzon , 13°31.6ʹN, 120°33.7ʹE, 326– 240 m ; 1 Dec 1980 , 210+–252 TL). Other specimens: USNM 72933 ( holotype , 82.0 HL , 413+ TL ), e. coast Luzon , Philippines , 1024 m ; CAS-SU 25446 ( 2 paratypes , 23.7–39.9 HL, 124+–187+ TL), n. Luzon , 18°34’15ʺN , 121°51’15ʺE , 410 m . DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— 1D II 9–10; P i19–i21; V 7–8; GR-I (inner) 9–11 total; GR-II outer/inner 8–10/7–9; scales below midbase 1D 4.5–7.5, below 2D origin 6.0–9.5, over distance equal to snout tip-to-1D 29–35. Snout 28–33% HL, extending less than pupil diameter beyond mouth; preoral steep, short, length 11–16%; internasal narrow, width 15–21%; interorbital 18–26%; orbit 17–25%; postorbital length 47–53%; distance orbit to preopercle 40–47%; upper jaw 30–33%; barbel short, thick 8–14%; greatest body depth 61–96%; 1D-2D interspace 16–38%; second spinous ray of 1D greatly prolonged, 178–388% HL, serrations sparse, reduced or lost in large adults; length V 43–87% HL, outer ray moderately prolonged. Upper jaw extends posteriorly to below anterior 1 ⁄ 3 of orbit, mouth opening restricted laterally. Free margin of preopercle broadly rounded. Head scaly except narrow naked margin under snout and suborbital and all of gular and branchiostegal membranes; a tubercular scale at snout tip; body scales covered with slender reclined spinules in numerous subparallel rows. Color dark brown in adults, paler in young; fins generally pale near base, blackish distally. DISTRIBUTION .— Off Luzon, Philippine Islands , Japan Sea off Korea , and Taiwan ( SCS , NET ), in 240–1024 m , but one exceptional capture at 115 m off Korea . REMARKS .— Chiou et al. (2004b:47 , table 1) listed C. microps from Taiwan , indirectly suggesting that the C. marginatus recorded by Shen et al. (1993) was an incorrect identification. Kim et al. (2009) recorded the species from the East ( Japan ) Sea off Korea and provided additional information on the species, comparing it with C. marginatus . Coryphaenoides microps is closely similar to C. marginatus , and the two species have many features in common. They can be separated by a combination of characters including orbit diameter (25–33% HL in C. marginatus cf. 17–25% in C. microps ), postorbital length (42–45% HL cf. 47–56%), distance orbit to preopercle (33–40% cf. 40–47%), and length spinous 1D ray (1.5–2.5 times HL cf 1.8–3.0). The two species belong to what Gilbert and Hubbs (1920:413) describe as “a rather well-marked group of species which agree in possessing a produced dorsal spine, a deep and sharply compressed body, and a dorsal contour horizontal behind the first dorsal fin.” Other species of this group include C. semiscaber Gilbert and Hubbs, 1920 , C. macrolophus (Alcock, 1889) , and C. tydemani Gilbert and Hubbs 1920 .