Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species Author Kilburn, Richard N. Author Fedosov, Alexander E. Author Olivera, Baldomero M. text Zootaxa 2012 2012-03-22 3244 1 1 58 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3244.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3244.1.1 20d1b63e-e569-489f-8e0a-165ae81b3204 1175-5326 246329 Turris cristata Vera-Peláez, Vega-Luz, & Lozano-Francisco, 2000 Plate 11 , figs A–F Turris cristata Vera-Peláez, Vega-Luz, & Lozano-Francisco, 2000: 3 , pl. 1, fig. 1 (protoconch), pl. 2, fig. 1 (anal sinus), pl. 4, figs 1–3, 7–12; Olivera, Sysoev, 2008 : pl. 681, fig. 5; Robin 2008 : pl. 448, fig. 5. Type loc.: Olango Is., Camotes Sea, Philippines . Turris undosa ( non Lamarck, 1816 ); Powell 1964: 334 , pl. 181, fig. 20; pl. 258 (distribution) [not pl. 254, figs 9–10 which do appear to show T. undosa ]; Azuma 1973 : fig. 8 (radula); Springsteen & Leobrera 1986: 265 , pl. 76, fig. 4; Higo, Callomon & Goto 1999: 303 ; Olivera 2000: 309 , pl. 1, specimen 12, pl. 8; Hasegawa et al. 2000: 631 , pl. 314, fig. 53. ? Pleurotoma undosa ; Reeve 1843 : pl. 3, sp. 18. Not Turris undosa ; Wilson 1994: 194 , pl. 38, fig. 15. DESCRIPTION: Shell angularly fusiform, with high, subulate, orthoconoid spire and conspicuously contracted, concave-sided base, b/l 0.22–0.25, a/l 0.32–0.36. Early whorls flat, later ones concave. Outer lip strongly convex, edge fluted, anal sinus fairly shallow, linguiform. Sculptured by a very thick, prominent, rounded subsutural cord, bearing 3-4 thin ridges, delimited by a very narrow notch-like sulcus; sulcus slightly recessed under sinus cord, from which there projects a posteriorlydirected, minute, delicate, obliquely striate flange. Sinus cord varying from relatively high and somewhat angular to low and flat-topped. Base of spire whorls with two narrow cords with widely sloping sides (and a few fine intermediary threads); the lower cord may project to form the periphery, but may be overlapped by the suture, so that the peripheral angle lies on the upper last whorl. Upper base of last whorl with 2 narrow sharp cords, followed by 7–9 thin, low threads, separated by wide intervals bearing an occasional intermediary thread, rostrum with 5 even-sized threads. Collabral threads weak on spire whorls, except on subsutural cord, where they render intervals between the spiral threads pitted, strong and dense on base of last whorl (rendering interstices cancellated). White with wavy, oblique axial flames (sometimes broken into blotches) of orange- or reddish-brown, base of last whorl and inner lip (often also outer lip) usually violet, main ridges on base of last whorl with brown flecks. Maximum length 83 mm . Protoconch conical, of 2.75–3 whorls, first 1.5 smooth, rest with opisthocline axial riblets; brown. DISTRIBUTION: S. E. India to Japan and south to Western Australia and New Caledonia (MNHN); in ca 10–150 m , in sand or mud. TYPES: T. cristata : Holotype MNCN 15.05/32710 , paratypes in MNCN and author’s collections ; paratype 10 NMSA L5622 ex J. Conde . OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: JAPAN: off Kii, 60–90 m ( NMSA J3687: S. Akita) . PHILIPPINES: Aliguay Is., Mindanao, 80– 150 m ., trawled, and Olango, 20–25 m (both G. Poppe colln) ; Balicasag Is., Bohol, 70–100 fath. [ 129–183 m ] and Mindoro Is. (BO colln) ; Panglao, Bohol Is. ( NMSA J3953: F. J. Springsteen) and 250–350 m ( paratype , NMSA L5622: J. Conde) ; off Punta Engano, Mactan Is., 80 fath. [ 146 m ] ; Balut Is., Mindanao ( NMSA L1851: D. Steinke) . NEW GUINEA ( ANSP 249709) ; NEW CALEDONIA: 20°47.7’S , 167°09.35’E , 5–30 m , MNHN ; 22°59’S , 166°58’E , 24 m , MNHN . PLATE 11. Turris cristata Vera-Peláez, Vega-Luz & Lozano-Francisco, 2000 : A — Holotype , Olango Is, Philippines , MNCN-32710, 59.7 x 15.7 mm ; B — Paratype 1, Panglao Is., Philippines , MNCN , 58.2 x 15.4 mm ; C , D —Mindoro Is., Philippines , BO colln, 57.4 x 15.0 mm; E —New Guinea , ANSP 249709, 60.5 x 13.7 mm ; F — Japan , ANSP 420685, 55.1 x 14.5 mm . REMARKS: Although there is some variation in detail of spiral sculpture, T. cristata is always recognisable by its massive subsutural cord and strongly contracted base. Although once commonly misidentified as Pleurotoma undosa Lamarck, 1816 , the holotype of that lacks the characteristic subsutural cord.