Taxonomy and bioacoustics of little-known Grylloidea crickets (Orthoptera, Ensifera) from Mindanao, Philippines Author Tan, Ming Kai Block 207 A, Woodleigh Link, Singapore 361207, Republic of Singapore Author Salvador, Jewel Anne G. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Sabang, Aira Mae M. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Bahoy, Daphne Cayle M. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Nuñeza, Olga Macas Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, Tibanga, Iligan City 9200, Philippines Author Robillard, Tony Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, SU, EPHE, UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. text Zootaxa 2023 2023-08-02 5323 3 301 348 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.1 1175-5326 8209415 C022FD72-9C54-4A89-A880-3D99F52C8499 Ajorama balatukanis Otte, 1988 ( Figs 6–8 , 9A–C ) Ajorama balatukanis Otte, 1988: 317 Specimens examined. PHILIPPINES • 1♁; Mindanao , Misamis Oriental , Gingoog City , Barangay Lunotan , near Mt Sumagaya ; N8.70109 , E125.01304 , 1258.0±5.0 m.a.s.l.; 13 February 2023 , 20h00; mossy forest, calling on a tree trunk under mosses; coll. M.K. Tan , J.A.G. Salvador, A.M . Sabang, A . Gono, D.C.M . Bahoy & K. Grumo ; MIN.23.12 (PNM) • 1♁; Mindanao , Misamis Oriental , Gingoog City , Barangay Lunotan , foot of Mt Balatukan ; N8.70508 , E125.00639 , 1193.0± 5.1 m .a.s.l.; 15 February 2023 , 20h32; open area outside mossy forest, under the bark of a dead log; coll. M.K. Tan , J.A.G. Salvador, A.M . Sabang, A . Gono, D.C.M . Bahoy & K. Grumo ; MIN.23.57 (ZRC) ( Fig. 6 ) FIGURE 6. Ajorama balatukanis ♁ in its natural environment, open forested area at the foot of Mt Balatukan. FIGURE 7. Ajorama balatukanis : head and pronotum in dorsal view (A); face in anterior view (B); head, pronotum and FWs in lateral view (C); right FW in dorsal view (D); abdominal apex in dorsal view (E). Scale bars: 2 mm (A–D), 1 mm (E). Remarks. The calling song of this species is described here for the first time. Ecology. This species is fairly common in Barangay Lunotan where numerous males can be heard calling on tree trunks at night. As they often call while hiding on tree trunk covered with moss (and possibly under tree bark), they are not easily sighted. Type locality. PHILIPPINES , Mindanao Island , Misamis Oriental , Mt Balatukan Distribution. PHILIPPINES (Mindanao Island: Gingoog City in Misamis Oriental ) Calling song (1J, 19.2°C) ( Fig. 8 ). The calling song consists of short echemes with 10–11 discrete syllables. The first 2–3 syllables tend to be of lower amplitudes; amplitude of syllable gradually increases to a maximum and stabilises. Each echeme has a duration of 0.64±0.3 s (0.59–0.67 s). The average syllable duration is 25.9±4.3 ms (19.4–37.3 ms) and average interval between consecutive syllables is 34.3±4.2 ms (22.9–41.1 ms). The frequency spectrum is pure-tonal and forms a series of harmonics, with the energy peaking at the fundamental frequency. The dominant frequency is 4.41±0.00 kHz.