Synopsis of the Grenadier Fishes (Gadiformes; Teleostei) of Taiwan Author Iwamoto, Tomio Section of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Author Nakayama, Naohide Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Science, Kochi University, 2 - 5 - 1 Akebono-cho, Kochi, 780 - 8073, Japan; Author Shao, Kwang-Tsao Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Road, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan; Author Table, Hsuan-Ching Ho text Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 2015 2015-04-15 62 3 31 126 journal article 299670 10.5281/zenodo.11512126 522b8de7-880d-40ca-803e-aa5a3a05c5f6 0068-547X 11512126 Ventrifossa garmani ( Jordan and Gilbert, 1904) Figures 28A–B . Coryphaenoides garmani Jordan and Gilbert in Jordan and Starks , 1904:610 ( holotype USNM 50933 , Sagami Bay , Japan , 110–259 fm [ 201–474 m ]; paratypes ANSP 114108 [ 1 spec. ], CAS-SU 8548 [ 5 spec. ], USNM 51415 [ 9 spec. ]). Ventrifossa garmani : Matsubara, 1955:1315 .— Kamokara, 1964:96.— Okamura, 1970:74 .— Iwamoto, 1979: 152 .— Okamura in Okamura et al., 1982:145 , 348.— Okamura in Masuda et al., 1984:94 .— Okamura in Okamura and Kitajima, 1984:213, 360.— Iwamoto, 1990:300–301 , fig. 678–679 (descr.).— Shen et al., 1993:172 (desc.).— Chiou et al., 2004b:37 , 47 (in key, list).— Shao et al., 2008 : table 2 ( 2 spec. , SWT ). MATERIAL EXAMINED ( 8 spec. ).— SWT : ASIZP 61306 (1, 260+ TL), Dong-gang . ASIZP 65586 (1, 235 TL), CD 140, 280– 452 m . Other materials : Japan : USNM 50933 ( holotype , 52.8 HL, 292 TL), Albatross sta. 3695, Sagami Bay , 201– 474 m. USNM 51415 (5 of 9 paratypes , 32–46.1 HL, 180–250+ TL), Suruga Bay , Albatross sta. 3738, 305 m. DISTINGUISHING FEATURES .— 1D II,10–11; P i19–i22; V 8, rarely 9; inner GR-I 16–17 total, outer GR-II 16–17; scale rows below midbase 1D 7.5–9.0, below 2D 4.5–5.0; lateral line scales over distance equal to predorsal length 38–42. Snout length 25–27% HL; preoral length 18–19%; interorbital 29–32%; orbit 30–35%; suborbital 11–15%; orbit to preopercle 41–45%; upper jaw 42–47%; barbel 23–29%; outer gill slit 24–27%. Head and body relatively compressed; snout relatively short, high, forming obtuse angle viewed dorsally. Body scales covered with broad-based, triangular spinules in quincunx arrangement. Spinous ray of 1D usually less than HL, leading edge finely sawtoothed. Periproct occupying about half anterior space between V and A, close behind V bases, dermal window of light organ extends forward between V bases. Gill membranes narrowly united over isthmus and under midorbit. Color in preservative light to medium gray-brown overall, silvery over most of head, trunk, and anteriorly on sides of tail, but not over dorsum; jaws, gill membranes, and below suborbital ridge blackish; mouth pale, gill cavities blackish posteriorly; leading edge of snout blackish; 1D dusky, somewhat darker midlaterally; V blackish; P and A clear to dusky. Attains about 30 cm TL. FIGURE 28. Ventrifossa garmani Jordan and Gilbert, 1904. ASIZP 61306, 260+ mm TL, preserved. A. lateral view of whole fish. B. lateral view of right head, photo reversed laterally. DISTRIBUTION .— From s. Japan to sw Taiwan [ SCS ], in 280–452 m . REMARKS .— This is one of the most abundant species of macrourid in Japan , but it is not particularly common off Taiwan . The broadly triangular scale spinules on body scales are unique among the Taiwan members of this genus.