<p class = " HeadingRunIn " align = " left "> <strong> A revision of the <em> Pauropsalta annulata </ em> Goding & amp; Froggatt species group (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) based on morphology, calling songs and ecology, with investigations into calling song structure, molecular phylogenetic relationships and a case of hybridisation between two subspecies </ strong> </ p> Author POPPLE, L. W. text Zootaxa 2013 2013-10-25 3730 1 1 102 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3730.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3730.1.1 1175-5326 5268476 0C2C146B-FEE4-4150-A6D3-B3A5E5491E8B Pauropsalta torrensis sp. nov. ( Figs 2J , 4K , 22E , 27E–F , 28 , 31B , 34 ) Types: Holotype : ♂ ‘ AUSTRALIA / Qld / Torrens Creek via Hughenden’ , ‘m. v. lamp / 20–21.xi.2005 ’, ‘ L. Popple & N. Hando’ , ‘385-0002’, ‘ QM Reg. No. T 156327’ ( QM ) ; Paratypes : QUEENSLAND : 4♂ 65km E. of Hughenden , 4.ii.1981 , Moulds & Moulds ( MSM ) ; 1♂ Torrens Ck , old road xing E. of Torrens Ck township , N. Qld , 4.ii.2006 , Ewart , light, 20°46.05'S 145°01.76'E ( AE ) ; 3♂ 2♀ Torrens Creek via Hughenden , m. v. lamp , 20–21.xi.2005 , Popple & Hando ( LWP ) ; 1f # Torrens Creek via Hughenden , m. v. lamp , 20–21.xi.2005 , Popple & Hando , 385- 0005 ( QM ) ; 1♀ Torrens Creek township , 90km E. of Hughenden , Qld , 3.ii.1981 , Moulds & Moulds ( MSM ) . Diagnosis ( Figs 4K , 22E , 27E–F , 31B ). Both males and females entirely match the morphological description given for P. subtropica given above. Distinguishing features . Males and females are identical to those of P. subtropica in morphology; however, fundamental differences are evident in the structure of the male calling song (see below). In addition, P. torrensis is distributed parapatrically in relation to P. subtropica . In other words, the latter species occurs west to the White Mountains area, adjacent to the currently recognised eastern limit of the distribution of P. torrensis . The two species also occur in association with a completely different soil types (see below). This may also be useful for identification purposes. Measurements . N= 10 ♂ 4 ♀ . Ranges and means (in parentheses), mm; BL: ♂ 12.4–13.9 (13.2); ♀ 13.4–15.6 (14.2); FWL: ♂ 14.7–16.0 (15.4); ♀ 16.0–17.6 (16.7); FWB: ♂ 4.9–5.7 (5.4); ♀ 5.3–5.7 (5.5); HW: ♂ 3.8–4.5 (4.3); ♀ 4.5–4.8 (4.6); PW: ♂ 3.3–3.7 (3.4); ♀ 3.6–3.8 (3.7); AW: ♂ 3.6–4.1 (3.9); ♀ 3.6–4.1 (3.9); OL: ♀ 4.4–4.5 (4.5). Etymology . Named after Torrens Creek, a township in central Queensland , which forms part of the very restricted distribution of this species and is also the locality from which most of the type material was collected. FIGURE 34. Male calling song structure of Pauropsalta torrensis sp. nov. illustrated in expanded waveform plots (explained in Fig. 8), showing both buzzing and lilting components. The spectrogram at the bottom of the figure displays song frequency, which exhibits no modulation between the song components in this species. This specimen was recorded in the field at Torrens Creek (20°47'S 145°01'E). Distribution and Ecology ( Figure 28 ). Restricted to a small area of central Queensland west of the Burra Range, from 65 km east of Hughenden east to Torrens Creek. Populations occur in association with eucalypts (including E. xanthoclada ) growing on flats. Adults are present from at least November to February. Geological and Pedological Associations . Occurs in deep kandosols on a highly weathered Cainozoic sandplain. Calling Song ( Fig. 2J , 34 ). The calling song of P. torrensis is unusual within the P. annulata species group, in that both echemes in the lilting song are of almost equal duration. The lilting component comprises a short echeme (1–4 syllables, 0.011 – 0.036 s) followed by a short silence ( 0.029 – 0.048 s), another short echeme (1–3 syllables, 0.011 – 0.031 s) and a long silence ( 0.061 – 0.140 s) (all statistics, n=8 individuals). Buzzing components are brief and comprise a run of short echemes (1–3 syllables, 0.018 – 0.030 s) punctuated by short silences ( 0.029 – 0.045 s). The call has a phrase repetition rate of 0.112 – 0.230 s, syllable repetition rate of 90–110 Hz and highest amplitude dominant frequency from 9.1–11.0 kHz, with a broad plateau from ~8.0–14.0 kHz. Male–female duets have yet to be heard and recorded from this species.