Survey of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) in Guajará-Mirim State Park forest reserve, near the Brazil-Bolivian border, with a description of Pintomyia fiocruzi, a new sand fly species Author Júnior, Antonio Marques Pereira Author Marialva, Eric Fabrício Author Julião, Genimar Rebouças Author Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa Author Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes text Zootaxa 2019 2019-10-31 4691 3 270 278 journal article 24999 10.11646/zootaxa.4691.3.7 e259c3a3-b3b9-4317-a298-114a4a7b5500 1175-5326 3527277 99269602-CE8B-4EC7-9A60-4B16A4CE7C26 Pintomyia fiocruzi Pereira-Júnior, Pessoa, Marialva & Medeiros , sp. n. ( Figure 2 ) Description Male. Small, 1470 µm in length (1492 µm– 1360 µm ) (thorax and abdomen), light brown color. Head ( Fig. 2A ): length 220 µm (205 µm– 215 µm ), width 300 µm (275 µm– 300 µm ); head length/width ratio 0.7 (0.7– 0.7). Eyes, length 181 µm (164 µm– 205 µm ). Interocular suture incomplete, ommatidia diameter 15 µm (7.8 µm– 15 µm ), interocular distance 65 µm (61.5 µm– 61 µm ) equivalent to 8.3 times ommatidia diameter (7.81–7.8). Clypeus 101 µm (106 µm– 102 µm ), labrum epipharynx (LE): length 181 µm (191 µm– 121.9 µm ), labial sutures united in the furca. Antennae: flagellomeres with simple setae. FI: 210 µm (211 µm–broken), FII: 95 µm (98µm–broken), FIII: 98 µm (99 µm–broken), FIV: 99 µm (98 µm–broken), FV: 97 µm (94 µm–broken), FVI: 93 µm (94 µm–bro-ken), FVII: 85 µm (89 µm–broken), FVIII: 89 µm (90 µm–broken), FIX: 85 µm (91 µm–broken), FX: 80 µm (88 µm–broken), FXI: 82 µm (87 µm–broken), FXII: 70 µm (73 µm–broken), FXIII: 55 µm (65 µm–broken), FXIV: 53 µm (65 µm–broken). Ascoidal formula FI–FXIII 2, FXIV 0, ascoids simple and long, FI–FIII do not surpass the apical papilla. FI with internal ascoid implanted more basally than the external. Presence of preapical papilla in FI–FIII and FXII–FXIV ( Fig. 2B ). Palpal segment lengths: PI = 40 µm (34.6 µm– 32 µm ), PII = 106 µm (98.6 µm– 94 µm ), PIII = 128 µm (120 µm– 106 µm ), PIV = 93.4 µm (88 µm– 69 µm ) and PV = 200 µm (210 µm– 191 µm ). Palpal formula 1.4.2.3.5 (same; same), PV <PI+PIII+PIV ( Fig. 2C ) (same; same). Presence of dispersed Newstead’s sensilla in third palpal segment. Thorax: length from anterior margin of pronotum to posterior margin of metanotum 475 µm (485 µm– 415 µm ). Color: light brown in the scutum; paratergitum, mesonotum, metanotum and coxae pale. Presence of ventro-cervical sensilla, five proepimeral setae, eight upper and two lower annepisternal setae, and setae present on the anterior margin of the katepisternum. Wing ( Fig. 2D ) length ( holotype only) 1150 µm and width 365 µm ; wing length/width ratio 3.15. Vein sections length ( holotype only): R 5 863 µm , alpha 225 µm , beta 575 µm , gamma 1185 µm , delta 35 µm , and pi 30 µm . Leg length ( holotype only): anterior, median and posterior, respectively: Coxa 290 µm , 265 µm , 275 µm ; Femur 600 µm ; Tibia 810 µm ; Tarsomere I 413 µm , Tarsomere II + III + IV + V 550 µm . Absence of spines in the posterior femur. Abdomen length without terminalia 768 µm (842 µm– 842 µm ). Presence of tergal papilla in tergites V–VIII. Terminalia ( Fig. 2 E-G): gonostyle ( Fig. 2 E-F) length 70 µm (75 µm– 75 µm ), width 25 µm (25 µm– 30 µm ), with a preapical spiniform seta and three spines in the following positions: one apical, one upper external and one internal (atrophied). The upper external spine is closer to the apical spine; the internal spine is atrophied and located on the middle of the gonostyle ( Fig. 2F ). Gonocoxite longer than wide, with presence of sclerotized band in the ventral margin, length 168 µm (178 µm– 178 µm ), width 74 µm (66 µm– 80 µm ); a cluster of six long setae (same; same) arranged in two longitudinal rows in the middle of the structure ( Fig. 2F ). Simple parameres, dilated in the basal and apical third and set apart by a constriction in the middle of the dorsal margin of the structure ( Fig. 2F ), length 106 µm (114 µm– 109 µm ), maximum width 26 µm (34 µm– 37 µm ); the apical third bears 19–21 setae (20 setae–20 setae) in the dorsal margin. Coniform parameral sheath (aedeagus), sclerotized ( Fig. 2F ) epandrial lobes (lateral lobes) with rounded apex, length 186 µm (178 µm– 200 µm ), width 21 µm (24 µm– 29 µm ). Spermatic pump (Ejaculatory pump), length 90 µm (93 µm– 96 µm ), and ejaculatory apodeme (piston), length 64 µm (72 µm– 61 µm ). Aedeagal ducts (filaments), length 320 µm (300 µm– 345 µm ); with striations in the distal half and simple tips ( Fig. 2E and G ), ducts approximately five times the length of the pump. Cercus subtriangular. Female. Unknown Taxonomic discussion. Males of the Serrana group are characterized by the presence of papilla on the FIII, three spines on the gonostylus (one apical, one upper external and one internal) and by the presence of spiniform setae in the apex of the structure. These characters in combination allow Pi . fiocruzi to be classified as a member of the Serrana group which belongs to the Pintomyia genus and the Pifanomyia subgenus. The Serrana group comprises 15 species, distributed primarily in the Andes region. Four members of this group have been recorded in the Brazilian Amazon, Pi . duckei , Pi. oreste s, Pi . odax and Pi . serrana ( Galati 2018 ; Oliveira et al . 2018 ) including two species in Rondônia State ( Galati 2018 ). The Pi . fiocruzi sp. n. male is different from other members of the Serrana group because the basal portion of the paramere is larger than the apical portion. The difference between these parts is prominent because there is a constriction in the middle of the paramere. The main morphological keys indicate that this species is similar to Pintomyia oresbia ( Fairchild & Hertig, 1961 ) , which occurs in forests at altitudes above 1,300 meters in Panama , Colombia and Costa Rica ( Fairchild & Hertig 1961 ; Ovallos et al. 2013 ). The known distribution of Pi . fiocruzi sp. n. is still restricted to the municipalities of Nova Mamoré and Itapuã do Oeste, but its presence in this region suggests that it may be distributed along the Brazil-Bolivian border. Diagnosis. Combination of the following characters. Insect with coloration light brown. Ascoid long and simple. Newstead sensilla present in the medial part of the third palpal segment. Labial suture forked. Ventro-cervical sensilla present. Absence of spines in posterior femur. Tergal papilla present on segments V–VII. Gonocoxite longer than wide, with a cluster of 10 long setae in the middle of the structure. Gonostylus with three spines and presence of spiniform preapical setae. Simple parameres dilated in basal and apical area with a constriction in the middle of the dorsal margin. Aedeagal ducts elongated with simple tips. Epandrial lobes with rounded apex. Type Material. The holotype is housed in the Invertebrates Collection of the National Institute of Amazonian Research ( INPA ), Brazil and the paratypes are housed in Entomology Laboratory of the Fiocruz Rondônia , Brazil . HOLOTYPE : 1 ♂ , Itapuã do Oeste ( 9°08’38.65”S , 62°54’34.55”W ), RO, 09-IX-2018 , Jamari FLONA ( 9°08’38.65”S , 62°54’34.55”W ), Pereira Júnior A. M. , Carvalho L. P. C. PARATYPE : 1 ♂ , Itapuã do Oeste ( 9°08’38.65”S , 62°54’34.55”W ), RO, 20-X-2018 , Jamari FLONA , Pereira Júnior A. M. , Carvalho L. P. C. PARA- TYPE : 1 ♂ , Nova Mamoré ( 10°18’47.75”S , 64°32’36.03”W ), RO, 10-III-2017 , Guajará-Mirim Park , Pereira Júnior A. M. , Silva L. R. Type Locality. The holotype and one paratype were captured at canopy level using an HP light trap set along the “Santa Maria” trail, in Jamari FLONA , a conservation unit 120 kilometers outside Porto Velho municipality. Other paratype was captured at canopy level using an HP light trap set along the “Barragem 1” trail, in Guajará- Mirim Park, a conservation unit 90 kilometers outside the urban area of Nova Mamoré Municipality. Etymology: This species has been named in honor of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (commonly abbreviated as “Fiocruz”) in order to recognize the contribution that the institute has made to public health and research.