A review of the genus Promalactis Meyrick, 1908 (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) from Taiwan, China Author Du, Z. H. Author Wang, S. X. Author Li, H. H. text Journal of Natural History 2013 2013-08-13 48 1 - 2 87 108 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2013.791940 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2013.791940 1464-5262 4607589 Promalactis apicicircularis sp. nov. ( Figures 1B , 2B , 4A ) Diagnosis Promalactis apicicircularis is similar to P. kuznetzovi Lvovsky, 1988 by sharing three white streaks on the dorsum of the forewing. It can be distinguished from the latter by the forewing having a grey spot at costal three-fifths; the uncus with distal one-fifth bifurcate, the triangular gnathos, the costa lacking process, and the sacculus with a dense cluster of basad-directed dorsodistal spines in the male genitalia; the lamella postvaginalis with two narrow, inwardly folded bands and the signum a weakly sclerotized oval plate with a transversely arched ridge in the female genitalia. In P. kuznetzovi , the forewing has a white spot at costal three-fifths, the uncus is not bifurcate distally, the gnathos is lingulate, the costa has an elongate rod-like process arising from beyond middle and the sacculus lacks spines; and the lamella postvaginalis is absent and the strip-shaped signum has no sclerotized plate. Description Adult ( Figure 1B ). Wingspan 9.5−12.0 mm. Head with vertex shining silvery white, frons shining yellowish brown, occiput brown to dark brown. Labial palpus with basal and second segments ochreous yellow on inner surface, ochreous brown on outer surface; third segment dark ochreous except white apically, slightly shorter than second. Antenna with scape white; flagellum alternately white and dark brown on dorsal surface, dark brown on ventral surface. Thorax and tegula deep ochreous brown mixed with dark brown scales. Forewing deep ochreous yellow, ochreous brown from above fold to dorsum; apex and termen ochreous brown, mixed with black scales, apex with a round white spot; costal margin grey, with an inverted triangular, grey spot mixed with a few white scales at about three-fifths, edged with black scales, with a small silvery white dot on its inverted apex; three white streaks edged with black scales present: basal streak from dorsal quarter to above base of fold, mesial streak from dorsal twofifths straight to upper margin of cell, third streak extending from dorsal two-thirds obliquely upwards to near lower angle of cell; tornus with a quadrangular, deep grey spot; cilia orange yellow, dark brown along distal part of costal margin, grey along distal part of dorsal margin, tinged with white at tornus. Hindwing and cilia grey. Foreleg with tibia and tarsus black, tibia dorsally with a white spot at base and middle, with a tuft of long white scales at apex, tarsus with three white spots on dorsal surface; midleg with tibia and tarsus yellow on ventral surface, black on dorsal surface, tibia dorsally with a white spot at base and middle, with a tuft of long white scales at apex, tarsus with four white spots on dorsal surface; hindleg yellowish white on ventral surface, greyish black on dorsal surface, tarsus with five white spots on dorsal surface. Figure 4. Female genitalia of Promalactis spp. (A) P. apicicircularis sp. nov. , slide No. MNHU- NK030; (B) P. brevisaccata sp. nov. , slide No. MNHU-NK062; (C) P. flavicapitata sp. nov. , slide No. MNHU-NK073; (D) P. latiloba sp. nov. , slide No. MNHU-NK065; (E) P. latiloba , enlarged spines in ductus bursae; (F) P. peculiaris Wang and Li , slide No. MNHU-NK026. Male genitalia ( Figure 2B ). Uncus broad at base, gradually narrowed to apex; distal one-fifth bifurcate, narrowly rounded at apex. Gnathos elongate triangular, narrowly rounded at apex, about three-fifths length of uncus; lateral arms broad, band-shaped, about half length of gnathos. Tegumen nearly parallel laterally, branched from posterior two-fifths, slightly narrowed anteriorly. Valva with costa slightly concave mesially, apex broadly rounded, shorter than sacculus. Sacculus almost same width from base to apex, concave dorsomesially; distal two-fifths with a dense cluster of spines directed basad, apex rounded. Saccus broad at base, tapered to narrowly rounded or pointed apex, slightly longer than uncus. Juxta with basal three-fifths rod-like; distal twofifths lamellate, with a pointed apex, reaching anterior fifth of tegumen. Aedeagus nearly straight, about 1.5 times length of valva, narrowed basally and distally; cornutus absent. Female genitalia ( Figure 4A ). Apophysis anterioris stronger than and about two-fifths the length of apophysis posterioris. Lamella postvaginalis composed of two narrow, inwardly folded bands, bearing a small, erect, subellipsoid plate on posterior third of dorsal surface of folded bands. Membrane between sterna 7 and 8 with two weakly sclerotized circular plates. Ostium bursae ovate. Antrum weakly sclerotized, about one-fifth length of ductus bursae. Ductus bursae thin, membranous, about twice as long as corpus bursae. Corpus bursae elongate elliptic, membranous; signum a weakly sclerotized oval plate, with a transversely arched ridge. Type Holotype , Male , Suisya (23 ◦ 52 ′ N, 120 ◦ 54 ′ E), Taiwan , China , 20 March 1943 , leg. S. Issiki , Issiki Collection 1972, genitalia slide No. USNM-142,370 ( USNM ). Paratypes . Three males and three females: one male, same data as holotype, genitalia slide No. USNM-142,361 ( USNM ); one male, Baibara (24 ◦ 04 ′ N, 120 ◦ 59 ′ E), Taiwan , China , 23 March 1943 , leg. S. Issiki , Issiki Collection 1972 ( USNM ); one male, three females, Hueisun Exp. Forest , Nantou County , Taiwan , China , 650 m , 24−29 October 1998 , leg. Mey and Speidel , genitalia slide Nos. MNHU-NK029 female, MNHU- NK030 female, MNHU-NK031 male ( MNHU ). Distribution China ( Taiwan) . Etymology This specific name is derived from the Latin prefix apici- , meaning apex, and Latin circularis , meaning round, referring to the round apex of valva.