Leptogium (Collemataceae, Peltigerales) from Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil: nine new records, three new taxa and a key for the species Author Kitaura, Marcos J. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Bernardo, Caique M. Author Koch, Natália M. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Rodrigues, Andressa S. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Torres, Jean-Marc Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Barbosa, Thiago D. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Canêz, Luciana Da S. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Spielmann, Adriano A. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INBio, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Av. Costa e Silva, s / n, 79070 - 900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Honda, Neli K. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, INQUI, Av. Sen. Filinto Müller, 1555, 79074 - 460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Author Fleig, Mariana Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Av. Paulo Gama, 110, 90040 - 060, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Author Lorenz, Aline P. text Phytotaxa 2019 2019-03-26 399 2 127 146 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.399.2.3 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.399.2.3 1179-3163 13714341 Leptogium cyanizum Nyl. , in Crombie (1877: 227) . ( Figure 1F ) Holotype :—NUKAHIVA [ French Polynesia , Marquesas Island, Nuku Hiva], ad cortices, Jardin s/n (H-NYL 41281!). Description: Kitaura et al. (2015) . Notes: Leptogium cyanizum is characterized by the densely rugulose to microbullate upper surface under 20× magnification, and covered by cylindrical and flattened isidia that are usually simple and never coralloid. Kitaura et al. (2015) mentioned that the type specimen was collected in Tonga , Tongatapu Island, but the specimen is from Nuka Hiva as described in the label of the type (H-NYL 41281). Leptogium cyanizum and L. javanicum Mont. (1856: 379) are two species reported to Brazil that were originally described from islands in the Pacific Ocean and Oceania. The distribution of these species is still questionable in our understanding, but the Brazilian specimens were kept under these names until molecular studies are made. The thallus surface of Leptogium cyanizum differs from that of L. cyanescens . The first has rugulose to microbullate upper surface whereas the second has smooth upper cortex. In the same way, L. cyanizum differs from L. austroamericanum , which has wrinkled upper surface. Distribution: First record to the American Continent. It was previously reported to Tonga ( Crombie 1877 ), Ceylon ( Nylander 1900 ), New Zealand ( Galloway 1999 ), Java and New Caledonia ( Zahlbruckner 1925 ). Examined material: BRAZIL . Mato Grosso do Sul : Aquidauana , Vila Palmeiras , on cortex, 17 November 1993 , N.K. Honda , Devincenzi 100DH ( No. EQL 0671, CGMS ) ; 101DH ( No. EQL 0672, CGMS ) ; 30 March 1999 , N.K. Honda 007/99 ( No. EQL 0679, CGMS ) ; Jaraguari , Furnas do Dionísio , 20°10’52.3”S 54°34’37.3”W , 02 May 2015 , C.M. Bernardo 668 ( CGMS ). Jardim , Camping Seu Assis , 21°25’14.20”S 56°23’16.70”W , 230 m elev., riparian forest, on cortex, 4 June 2010 , A.A. Spielmann , L.S. Canêz , A.P. Lorenz-Lemke 8357 ( CGMS 42194 ), 8383 ( CGMS 42241 ) ; 21°25’14.20”S 56°23’16.70”W 230 m elev., L.S. Canêz , A.A. Spielmann , A.P. Lorenz-Lemke 2932 ( CGMS 32423 ) ; 2971 ( CGMS 32426 ) .