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<mods:title id="81256FD80606BDA9CD4BE85AA64EDF72">On the dumping ground genus Scotaena Klug, 1810 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae): Phylogeny, taxonomy and geographic distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D3D4A001FA89DDF51E1976AA9B7621D9">Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="E6363A7CFF9DFF9E14948CDEFD5EF944" bold="true" box="[151,553,1665,1691]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="7AC1F693FF9DFF9E14948CDEFD5EF944" authority="(Smith)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" box="[151,553,1665,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" genus="Pseudoscotaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fastuosa">
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14948CDEFD5EF944" bold="true" box="[151,553,1665,1691]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14948CDEFEB3F944" bold="true" box="[151,452,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Pseudoscotaena fastuosa</emphasis>
(Smith)
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(
<figureCitation id="25FA9195FF9DFF9E149C8CFBFE57F962" box="[159,288,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 72–75" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1183,1206]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1162]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,195,1162]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 72–75. Pseudoscotaena fastuosa, holotype male. 72, frontal head; 73, lateral habitus; 74, epipygium; 75, dorsal habitus.Scale bar = 1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1206798/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Figs 72–75</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="25FA9195FF9DFF9E15288CFBFEF8F963" box="[299,399,1700,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 122–133" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1720,1743]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,481,1700]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 122–133. Pseudoscotaena and Pampathynnus characters. 122, 128: Pseudoscotaena decora; 124: P. duckei; 123, 131: P.fastuosa; 125, 130: P. polistoides. 126, 129, 132:Pampathynnus pubescens; 127, 133:P.vigilii. Scale bar = 1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1206806/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">123, 131</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="25FA9195FF9DFF9E15988CFBFE89F963" box="[411,510,1700,1724]" captionStart="FIGURES 134–141" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1415,1438]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,589,1394]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,589,1394]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 134–141. Pseudoscotaena and Pampathynnus characters. 134: Pseudoscotaena duckei; 135, 136, 138: P. decora; 137, 139: P.fastuosa. 140: Pampathynnus pubescens; 141:P.vigilii. Scale bar = 0,5mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1206808/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">137, 139</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9DD1AA3EFF9DFF9E14948CB3FA28F8DD" box="[151,1375,1772,1794]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<treatmentCitation id="3C60AB01FF9DFF9E14948CB3FD4BF8DD" author="Smith, F." box="[151,572,1772,1794]" page="171" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" year="1879">
<taxonomicName id="7AC1F693FF9DFF9E14948CB3FD4BF8DD" authority="Smith, 1879: 170 - 171" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="170 - 171" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,572,1772,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" genus="Thynnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fastuosus">
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14948CB3FE26F8DD" box="[151,337,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Thynnus fastuosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D950F0E1FF9DFF9E15548CB3FD4BF8DD" author="Smith" box="[343,572,1772,1794]" firstAuthor="Smith" journalOrPublisher="Printed by order of the Trustees, London" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="158 - 177" refId="ref21287" refString="Smith, F. (1879) Thynnidae, Erichson. In: Descriptions of New Species of Hymenoptera in the British Museum. Printed by order of the Trustees, London, pp. 158 - 177." title="Thynnidae, Erichson" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Descriptions of New Species of Hymenoptera in the British Museum" year="1879">Smith, 1879: 170–171</bibRefCitation>
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. 
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E16458CB3FDD4F8DD" box="[582,675,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Holotype</emphasis>
, AUSTRALIA: (locality erroneous) date unknown, 1♂ (NHM–UK).
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9DD1AA3EFF9DFF9E14948D54FD53F8FF" box="[151,548,1802,1824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14948D54FE21F8FF" box="[151,342,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicName id="7AC1F693FF9DFF9E14948D54FE25F8FF" authorityName="* (Smith" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,338,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" genus="Scotaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fastuosa">Scotaena fastuosa</taxonomicName>
.
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<treatmentCitation id="3C60AB01FF9DFF9E15588D54FD57F8FF" author="Turner, R. E." box="[347,544,1802,1824]" page="253" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="D950F0E1FF9DFF9E15588D54FD57F8FF" author="Turner" box="[347,544,1802,1824]" firstAuthor="Turner" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="209 - 256" part="1908" refId="ref21384" refString="Turner, R. E. (1908 b) A revision of Thynnidae of Australia, Part II. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 1908, 209 - 256." title="A revision of Thynnidae of Australia, Part II" type="journal article" year="1908" yearSuffix="b">Turner, 1908b: 253</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14948D76FEF1F8E0" box="[151,390,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicName id="7AC1F693FF9DFF9E14948D76FEF5F8E0" box="[151,386,1833,1855]" class="Insecta" genus="Spilothynnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fastuosus">Spilothynnus fastuosus</taxonomicName>
.
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<treatmentCitation id="3C60AB01FF9DFF9E15888D75FD35F8E0" author="Turner, R. E." box="[395,578,1833,1855]" page="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="D950F0E1FF9DFF9E15888D75FD35F8E0" author="Turner" box="[395,578,1833,1855]" editor="Verteneuil, V. &amp; Desmet, L." firstAuthor="Turner" journalOrPublisher="Wytsman, P., Bruxelles" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21455" refString="Turner, R. E. (1910 a) Hymenoptera: Fam. Thynnidae. In: Verteneuil, V. &amp; Desmet, L. (Eds.), Genera Insectorum. Fascicules XCVIII - CVII. Wytsman, P., Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 62." title="Hymenoptera: Fam. Thynnidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Genera Insectorum. Fascicules XCVIII - CVII." year="1910" yearSuffix="a">Turner, 1910a: 19</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9DD1AA3EFF9DFF9E14948D16FC36F881" box="[151,833,1864,1886]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14948D16FE21F881" box="[151,342,1864,1886]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicName id="7AC1F693FF9DFF9E14948D16FE25F881" authorityName="* (Smith" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,338,1864,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Tiphiidae" genus="Scotaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fastuosa">Scotaena fastuosa</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="3C60AB01FF9DFF9E15588D17FD5FF881" author="Kimsey, L. S." box="[347,552,1864,1886]" page="511" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="D950F0E1FF9DFF9E15588D17FD5FF881" author="Kimsey" box="[347,552,1864,1886]" firstAuthor="Kimsey" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="508 - 512" part="106" refId="ref20646" refString="Kimsey, L. S. (2004 a) Taxonomic changes and new generic synonymies in the tiphiid wasp subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 106, 508 - 512." title="Taxonomic changes and new generic synonymies in the tiphiid wasp subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae)" type="journal article" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Kimsey, 2004a: 511</bibRefCitation>
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. 
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<bibRefCitation id="D950F0E1FF9DFF9E16318D17FC49F881" author="Carnimeo" box="[562,830,1864,1886]" etAl="et al" firstAuthor="Carnimeo" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="255 - 260" part="13" refId="ref19847" refString="Carnimeo, F. H., Justino, C. E. L. &amp; Noll, F. B. (2017) First records of Scotaena Klug, 1810 species (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Check List, 13 (4), 255 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.15560 / 13.4.255" title="First records of Scotaena Klug, 1810 species (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae) in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest" type="journal article" year="2017">
Carnimeo 
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E169F8D16FDBFF881" box="[668,712,1864,1886]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">et al</emphasis>
, 2017: 255
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<paragraph id="BD7E8D10FF9DFF9E14948DD5FE1FF87C" blockId="22.[151,1436,1930,2027]" box="[151,360,1930,1955]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Female: unknown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BD7E8D10FF9DFF9E14C48DF1FBC2F835" blockId="22.[151,1436,1930,2027]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="8FB55102FF9DFF9E14C48DF1FE17F818" bold="true" box="[199,352,1966,1991]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Distribution.</emphasis>
The species is recorded from Chulumani, 
<collectingRegion id="7F0543F2FF9DFF9E175E8DF0FCC6F819" box="[861,945,1967,1990]" country="Bolivia" name="La Paz" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">La Paz</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="C5D6CD80FF9DFF9E17C28DF1FB63F818" box="[961,1044,1966,1991]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
(NHM– 
<collectingCountry id="C5D6CD80FF9DFF9E10788DF0FBD2F818" box="[1147,1189,1967,1991]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">UK</collectingCountry>
), a warm and humid subtropical region and Serra das Confusões, 
<collectingRegion id="7F0543F2FF9DFF9E16888D8DFDB3F834" box="[651,708,2002,2027]" country="Brazil" name="Piaui" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Piauí</collectingRegion>
(UFES), a tropical semi-arid Brazilian area.
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