Pseudomonodictys aquatica sp. nov., the sexual morph of Pseudomonodictys from freshwater habitats Author Bao, Dan-Feng 0000-0002-5697-4280 College of Agronomy and Biosciences, Dali University, Dali 671003, Yunnan, P. R. China & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand & Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & baodanfengfungi @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5697 - 4280 baodanfengfungi@qq.com Author Hongsanan, Sinang 0000-0003-0550-3152 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; & Research Center of Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Faculty of Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. & sinang 333 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0550 - 3152 sinang333@gmail.com Author Hyde, Kevin D. 0000-0002-2191-0762 Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand & kdhyde 3 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2191 - 0762 kdhyde3@gmail.com Author Luo, Zong-Long 0000-0001-7307-4885 College of Agronomy and Biosciences, Dali University, Dali 671003, Yunnan, P. R. China & luozonglongfungi @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7307 - 4885 luozonglongfungi@qq.com Author Nalumpang, Sarunya 0000-0001-9105-4466 Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand & sarunya. v @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9105 - 4466 sarunya.v@cmu.ac.th text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-10-07 567 3 222 232 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.567.3.2 journal article 161930 10.11646/phytotaxa.567.3.2 16e1820a-9e78-4c69-a5a3-62417ab67a5b 1179-3163 7156679 Pseudomonodictys Doilom, Ariyaw., Bhat & K.D. Hyde , Fungal Diversity 75, 88 (2015) Saprobic on dead wood in freshwater or terrestrial habitats. Sexual morph: Ascomata solitary, scattered, semi-immersed to erumpent, visible as raised, globose to subglobose, black, ostiolate. Ostiole short papillate, with an irregular porelike opening, brown to dark brown. Peridium composed of several layers of brown to dark brown cells of textura agularis , merged with the host tissues. Hamathecium composed of dense, filamentous, branched, septate, hyaline, cellular pseudoparaphyses. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate, short pedicellate, apically rounded, with an ocular chamber. Ascospores overlapping, 2–3-seriate, fusiform to cylindrical with round ends, slightly curved, multi septate, strongly constricted at the septa, narrow towards the both ends, enlarged at the middle cells, smooth-walled, hyaline, with small guttules, surrounded by a distinct, thick, mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph: See Ariyawansa et al (2015) . Notes: Pseudomonodictys was known only from its asexual morph and the characteristics of sexual morph were unknown. In this study, we reported a sexual species Pseudomonodictys aquatica based on phylogenetic evidences. Pseudomonodictys clustered with Aquastroma , Lonicericola , Multilocularia , Paramonodictys and Paratrimmatostroma in Parabambusicolaceae ( FIGURE 1 ). Morphologically, Pseudomonodictys is similar to the sexual genera Aquastroma , Lonicericola and Multilocularia in having clavate asci with an ocular chamber and fusiform to vermiform, multiseptate ascospores with an entire sheath. However, Pseudomonodictys can be distinguished from Aquastroma and Multilocularia by the ascospores. Ascospores of Pseudomonodictys are 2–3-seriate, fusiform to cylindrical with round ends, strongly constrict at the septa and enlarged at the middle cells. While, ascospores of Aquastroma are clavate to fusiform, with a supramedian primary septum, slightly constricted at septa ( Tanaka et al. 2015 ) and Multilocularia has 1–2-seriate, ellipsoidal ascospores which are slightly constricted at the central septum ( Li et al. 2016 ). Pseudomonodictys is different from the asexual genera Paramonodictys and Paratrimmatostrom in having muriform, top-shaped, reddish-brown to dark brown conidia with a protruding basal cell; truncate to slightly rounded at the base. The conidia of Paramonodictys are globose or subglobose, olivaceous brown to dark brown, broadly rounded at apex whereas Paratrimmatostrom has helicoid, cylindrical, sigmoid, or reniform conidia.