Two new species of Fargesia (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) from southwestern China Author Ye, Xia-Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-945X Agronomy and Life Science Department, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000, China & Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China Author Zhang, Yu-Xiao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0602-3118 Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China Author Li, De-Zhu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4990-724X Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China dzl@mail.kib.ac.cn text PhytoKeys 2020 2020-12-10 170 25 37 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.170.58780 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.170.58780 1314-2003-170-25 F3564FC235EC58769A0B29EC73B01353 Fargesia viridis D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye sp. nov. Figs 1 , 2 Diagnosis. Fargesia viridis D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye resembles F. frigidis Yi, F. zayuensis Yi and F. similaris Hsueh & Yi, but can be distinguished from F. frigidis by thinner and glabrous culm, more leaves on the ultimate branch, longer leaf sheath and large leaf blade, from F. zayuensis by shorter and thinner culm, solid internode, more leaves on the ultimate branch and broader leaf blade, and from F. similaris by solid internode, prominent sheath scar, setose culm sheath, glabrous petiole, more leaf number and larger leaf blade. Type. China, Yunnan, Gongshan County, along the road to Dulongjiang Town, 27°51'28"N , 98°26'46"E , 2667 m alt., 1 September 2015, X.Y.Ye YXY272 (holotype & isotype: KUN!). Description. Rhizomes pachymorph, rhizome neck 3-6 cm long, 1-1.6 cm in diameter, solid. Culms 2-3 (4) m tall, pluricaespitose, 0.6-1.2 cm in diameter; internodes terete, 16-22 (30) cm long, densely white powdery and black when culms old, glabrous, nearly solid; nodes with weakly prominent supra-nodal ridge; sheath scar prominent, initially brown setose, with persistent remains of sheath base. Branches 8-10, fascicular, open; buds oblong, margins yellow-brown ciliolate. Culm sheaths persistent or tardily deciduous, leathery, narrowly rounded, 1/3 as long as internodes, yellow setose, densely at base and readily deciduous, longitudinal ribs prominent, margins yellow ciliolate, apex asymmetrical; auricles absent; oral setae absent or 1-2, ca. 2 mm long; ligule concave or truncate, ca. 1 mm tall, glabrous, fissured; blades erect or reflexed, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, narrower than the apex of culm sheath. Foliage leaves 4-6 per ultimate branch; sheath 3-4 cm long, glabrous, purple, margins ciliolate; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule truncate, ca. 1 mm tall; petiole 1-3 mm long, glabrous; blade lanceolate, 4-9 x 0.7-1.4 cm, glabrous, base broadly cuneate, secondary veins 2-3 pairs, transverse veins conspicuous, margins serrate. Inflorescence unknown. Phenology. New shoots July to August. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the beautiful color of leaf blade. Vernacular name. Cui Lǜ Jian Zhu (Chinese pronunciation); 翠绿箭竹 (Chinese name). Distribution and habitat. Fargesia viridis is only known from the type locality, the Dulongjiang Town. It occurs along the stream and grows as pure bamboo forest or under the evergreen broadleaved forest at an elevation of 2600-2800 m alt. Figure 1. Fargesia viridis D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye A habitat B individual C rhizome D culm showing solid and nearly solid internodes E culm bud and sheath scar with yellow setose F young culms with culm sheaths G culm sheath showing densely setose at base and oral characters H branchlet. Notes. Morphological comparisons between Fargesia viridis and the related species were provided in Table 1 . Other four species of this genus were found in the Dulongjiang Town, i.e., F. declivis Yi, F. sagittatinea Yi, F. acuticontracta Yi and F. praecipua Yi, with this new species being easily distinguished from the other species in this region by its shorter and thinner culms, solid internodes (except F. acuticontracta ), and shorter culm sheath (only 1/3 as long as internode). Table 1. Morphological comparison of Fargesia viridis and its related species.

Characters	Fargesia viridis	Fargesia frigidis	Fargesia zayuensis	Fargesia similaris
Culm height	2-3 (4) m	1.5-3.5 m	6 m	Shrubby
Culm diameter	0.6-1.2 cm	1-1.7 cm	0.8-1.5 cm	0.8-1.2 cm
Internode	16-22 (30) cm long, densely white powdery, glabrous, nearly solid	22-24 cm long, initially densely white waxy and white-gray setose below nodes, glabrescent, nearly solid	25-35 cm long, initially sparsely white powdery; hollow, wall 1.5-2 mm thick	9.5-18.2 cm long, white or black powdery below nodes, wall 2-3 mm thick, cavity filled with lamellate pith
Branch complement	8-10	4-13	5-10	3-8(15)
Sheath scar	Prominent, initially yellow setose, with persistent remains of sheath base	Very prominent, woody	Prominent	Weakly prominent
Culm sheath	Persistent or tardily deciduous, yellow setose and densely at base, readily deciduous, longitudinal ribs prominent, margins yellow ciliolate, apex asymmetrical	Gradually deciduous to persistent, very sparsely appressed light yellow setulose, upper margins yellow--brown ciliolate initially, longitudinal ribs conspicuous, apex asymmetrical	Gradually deciduous, abaxially slightly gray-brown setulose, margins brown ciliolate or not	Glabrous, margins densely ciliolate, apex slightly white powdery
Culm sheath oral setae	Absent or 1-2, 2 mm long	Absent	Readily deciduous	Absent or 1-3
Culm sheath ligule	Concave or truncate, ca. 1 mm	Convex or truncate, 1-1.5 mm, glabrous	Truncate, ca. 1 mm	Truncate, ca. 1 mm
Culm sheath blade	Erect or reflexed, triangular or linear-lanceolate	Reflexed, readily deciduous, triangular to linear-lanceolate	Readily deciduous, reflexed, rarely erect, linear-lanceolate	Erect, triangular-conical, glabrous
Leaf number of the ultimate branch	4-6	1-4	1-3	2-4
Leaf sheath	3-4 cm long, glabrous	1.5-2 cm long, glabrous	3-4 cm, glabrous	Glabrous or with white pubescent margins
Leaf oral setae	Absent	Absent or sometimes few	Absent	2-6, 2-4 mm long, yellow-brown or gray
Leaf ligule	Truncate, ca. 1 mm	Inclined- truncate, ca. 0.4 mm	Truncate, glabrous	Truncate, ca. 1 mm
Petiole	1-3 mm long	1 mm long	1 mm long	Sparely gray-white pubescent
Leaf blade	4-9 x 0.7-1.4 cm, glabrous, secondary veins 2-3 pairs	2.3-5.2 x 0.45-0.7 cm, glabrous, secondary veins 2 or 3 pairs	5-8.5 x 0.4-0.6 cm, glabrous, secondary veins 2 pairs	1.3-6.5 x 0.4-0.6 cm, glabrous or abaxially white-gray pubescent, secondary veins 2- or 3 paired
Habitat	Along the stream or under the evergreen broadleaved forest at the altitude of 2600-2800 m, northwest, Yunnan.	On the shady slope of barren hills at 3100-3700 m, west Yunnan.	Under the Pinus or broadleaved forest, 2500-3000 m, Zayu, Xizang (Tibet).	Unknown, Yunnan

Figure 2. Fargesia viridis D.Z. Li & X.Y. Ye A branchlet B rhizome C node, showing branches and sheath scar with setose D yong culm with culm sheathes E, F culm leaves showing sheath and densely setose at base G culm buds.