A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species Author Pirie, Michael D. Author Chatrou, Lars W. Author Maas, Paul J. M. text PhytoKeys 2018 112 1 141 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897 1314-2003-112-1 FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B 1911101 12. Cremastosperma dolichopodum Pirie & Maas sp. nov. Fig. 20 , Map 2 Diagnosis. Differs from most species of the genus in the greater length of the pedicels (ca. 170 mm in flower; 250 mm in fruit). Compared to C. longipes (), differs by the habit (shrub ca. 3m tall, compared with a tree>4.5 m tall), smaller leaves (up to 35 cm long, compared with 35-60 cm long) and lack of indument on all parts. Type. PERU, Pasco: Oxapampa, Distr. Palcazu , Communidad Nativa Alto Lagarto - Villa Progreso. Reserva Comunal Yanesha, 500 m a.s.l., 9 Feb 2009, Rojas, R. 6486 (holotype: USM; isotypes: HOXA, L! [L4318001], MO! [MO-2967424]). Description. Shrub ca. 3 m tall; young twigs and petioles sparsely covered with appressed hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long when very young, soon completely glabrous. Leaves : petioles 5-12 by 2-3 mm; lamina narrowly oblong-elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 22-38 by 11-16 cm (index 2-3), coriaceous, greyish above, brownish below, upper side glabrous, lower side glabrous except for some scattered hairs along primary nerve, base obtuse, apex acuminate (acumen ca. 10 mm long), extreme tip obtuse, primary vein raised over all of its length, 2-3 mm wide at widest point, glabrous, secondary veins 10-14, intersecondary veins absent, distance between from 8-10 mm at the base to 40 mm in the centre to 10 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 50-55° at the base to 45-50° closer to the apex, not branching, forming distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 1-4 mm, tertiary veins percurrent. Inflorescence of single flowers, on older branches or potentially cauliflorous; combined short axillary shoot and pedicel 170-260 by 0.5-1 mm at the base, 2 mm at the apex (in flower), 250-260 mm by 0.5-1 mm at the base, ca. 2 mm at the apex (in fruit), short axillary shoot and pedicels glabrous; 1 lower bract, broadly triangular, ca. 1.5 by 2 mm, obtuse, persistent, glabrous but margins densely covered with brown hairs ca. 1 mm long; upper bract attached at ca. 1/3 from base, broadly triangular, ca. 1.5 by 2 mm, obtuse, glabrous, ciliate; closed flower buds not seen; flowers yellow tinged red in vivo , dark brown in sicco , glabrous; sepals free, depressed ovate, patent to reflexed, ca. 2 by 3.5 mm, obtuse, persistent, glabrous but margins covered with hairs ca. 0.1 mm long; petals grooved at base, outer petals narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 25-30 by 7-10 mm, inner petals narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, 7-10 by 3-4 mm, glabrous; receptacle broadly oblongoid; intact androecium not observed, stamens 2-2.5 mm long, connective appendage ca. 1 x 0.2 mm wide; gynoecium ca. 4 mm diam., carpels ca. 25, ca. 1 mm long, glabrous. Monocarps ca. 3, ellipsoid, obtuse, symmetrical, 20-22 by 15 mm, no obvious apicule, distally green to proximally reddish in vivo , blackish in sicco ; stipes 19-21 by 1 to 2 mm subtending monocarp; fruiting receptacle oblongoid, ca. 5 mm diam., glabrous; monocarps, stipes and receptacle glabrous. Seeds not seen. Distribution. Peru (Pasco). Habitat and ecology. Primary forest remnants. At an elevation of ca. 500 m. Flowering and fruiting: February. Notes. Cremastosperma dolichopodum is only known from two specimens collected at the same locality, but the length of the pedicel - a generally reliable character within the genus - greatly exceeds that of any similar known species. Etymology. The epithet " dolichopodum ", from the Greek dolicho (long) and podum (-stalked) refers to the unusual length of the pedicel. Preliminary conservation status. Of the three known collections of Cremastosperma dolichopodum , two are from the same locality, within a protected area, the third from a roadside remnant of primary forest within the same region. Given the extent of collections of other species in the region (with regular documentation of the much earlier described and more widely distributed C. oblongum and C. pendulum ) C. dolichopodum must be naturally rare as well of restricted distribution. Endangered [EN] (Table 1 ). Other specimens examined. PERU. Pasco : Pozuzo, Alto Lagarto to Pozuzo Alto Victoria road, 10°07'09"S , 75°29'25"W , 1500 m a.s.l., 29 June 2008, Rojas & Ortiz 5758 (HOXA, MO, USM); Palcazu , Communidad Nativa Alto Lagarto, 10°08'00"S , 75°22'06"W , 500 m a.s.l., 9 Sep 2009, Rojas & Ortiz 6485 (HOXA, L, MO, USM). Figure 20. Cremastosperma dolichopodum Pirie & Maas. Fruiting specimen ( Rojas & Ortiz 6486 ).