The first lowland species of the Holarctic alpine ground spider genus Parasyrisca (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Hungary
Author
Szinetár, Csaba
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:
University of West Hungary, Savaria University Center, Zoological Department 9700 Szombathely, Károlyi G. tér & - 16 Cfe
Author
Eichardt, János
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:
2840 Oroszlány, Kossuth Lajos u. & Hungary & F 64333 A-Fcca- 4174 - A
Author
Szuts, Tamas
,, Hungary
text
ZooKeys
2009
2009-07-29
16
16
197
208
journal article
10.3897/zookeys.16.234
73aa8b64-60db-4dfb-93dc-ca07c364c1e7
1313–2970
576481
033AB08E-757C-4716-B928-C116679E55DF
Parasyrisca
arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
69680F28-ED7D-4B22-876D-7D67454F0F9A
Figs 1-17
Material
examined. Type material.
Holotype
.
Male
(
NHMH
) from
Hungary
,
Győrszentiván
,
Gazdák
erdeje,
N 47°42'56"
,
E 17°47'33"
,
125 m
,
Barber traps
, 01.10-
02.12.2004
, leg.
Cs. Szinetár.
Paratypes
.
1 female
(
NHMH
) from the same locality,
Barber traps
, 15.01-
02.04.2005
, leg.
Cs. Szinetár
;
1 male
from
Bugac
N 46°39'36"
,
E 19°35'14"
,
110 m
,
Barber traps
,
02.09.2003
, leg.
Cs. Szinetár
;
3 males
(2-UWM, 1-
ZMUC
) from the same locality,
Barber traps
, 04.10-
18.10.2003
, leg.
R. Gallé
;
2 males
from
Orgovány
N 46°42'25"
,
E 19°30'57"
,
100 m
,
Barber traps
,
02.10.2007
, leg.
Cs. Szinetár.
Etymology
.
The species’ name refers to the type-locality. Arrabonicum is the Latin name of the Kisalföld.
Remarks
.
P. arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
belongs to the
potanini
speciesgroup. It is quite similar to
P. turkenica
Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Marusik, 1995
and
P.
Figures 1-6.
Parasyrisca arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
: Male
holotype
:
1
pedipalp, prolateral view
2
same, ventral view
3
same, retrolateral view. Female:
4
epigyne, ventral view
5
vulva, dorsal view
6
posterior ridge (PRE) of the female epigyne, rear view. Scale bars:
1-3
0.3
4-6
0.2.
songi
Marusik & Fritzén, 2009
, in having a long RTA (
Figs 2, 3
,
7-9
), and a blunt terminal apophysis (
Figs 2
,
7
,
10
); these three species might even deserve a separate species-group. However, without detailed comparative study of the two taxa mentioned above or a cladistic analysis to judge the shared characters we are reluctant to propose a formal new group, but feel the similarity is worth mentioning.
Diagnosis
.
Males resemble those of
P. turkenica
, but can be easily recognized by the shorter and thicker retrolateral tibial apophysis (
Figs 2, 3
,
7-9
) and the thinner and straight, erect conductor (
Figs 2
,
7, 8
,
10
). The shape of the tibial apophysis is similar to that of
P. songi
in lateral view but significantly smaller (
Figs 3
,
8, 9
) and the conductor and terminal apophysis are somewhat different (
Figs 2
,
7
,
10
). The epigyne of
P. arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
(
Fig. 4
) is similar to that of
P. turkenica
but the shape of the anterior hood differs, being twice as wide as high, with the epigynal plate depressed at the posterior end as a posterior ridge of a flat U shape, with two pointing tips on the sides (
Fig. 4
).
Description
. Male.
Habitus as seen in
Figs 13-14
. Total length 7.1. Carapace 2.6 long, 2.1 wide. Femur II 2.2 long. Eye sizes and interdistance: AME 0.16, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.12; AME - AME 0.08, AME - ALE 0.04, PME - PME 0.1, PME - PLE 0.14, ALE - PLE 0.16; MOQ lenght 0.46, front width 0.36, back width 0.4.
Figures 7-9.
Parasyrisca arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
7
male
pedipalp, ventral view
8
same, semi-retrolateral view, showing the pointed tip of the conductor (c – arrowed)
9
same, retrolateral view. Scale bar = 0.3.
Leg spination: femora; I,II d 1-1-0, p 0-0-1; III d 1-1-0, p 0-1-1, r 0-0-1; IV d 1-1-0, (without prolateral spine), r 0-0-1; tibiae I v 2-2-0; II v 1-1-0; III v 1-1-2, p 1-1-0, r 1-1-0; IV v 1-2-2, p 0-1-1, r 1-0-1; metatarsi I-II v 2-0-0; III v 2-0-2, p 2-0-2, r 2-0-2; IV v 1-0-2, p 2-0-2, r 2-0-2.
Palps
(
Figs 1-3
,
7-11
) with strong, well developed, long RTA (
Figs 2-3
), reach ¼ of cymbium length (
Figs 2-3
,
7-9
). RTA tip seems abrupt in lateral view. Conductor (
Fig. 10
) twisted, directed upward (
Fig. 2
), gradually tapered at end, twisted in shape (
Figs 2
,
10
), with thin tip (
Fig. 8
) clearly visible in frontal and lateral views. Embolus unusually long, largely covered by conductor, visible only after conductor is removed (
Fig. 11
). Terminal apophysis thick, curved toward sides (
Figs 2-3
,
10
).
Colouration
.
(
Fig. 12
) Legs yellowish-brown, tibia, metatarsus and tarsus slightly darker than proximal segments. Carapace also yellowish-brown, but head somewhat darker. Chelicerae, cymbia, gnathocoxae and labium also darker brown. Abdomen grayish–brown with a few narrow, light brown stripes at the posterior end, just before the spinnerets.
Female
.
Total length 9.2. Carapace 3.3 long, 2.3 wide. Femur II 2.2 long. Eye sizes and interdistance: AME 0.16, ALE 0.14, PME 0.16, PLE 0.12; AME - AME 0.1,
Figures 10-11.
Parasyrisca arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
male bulb, close-ups:
1 0
male pedipalp, ventral view, close-up
11
bulbus, prolateral view, conductor removed (c – conductor, e – embolus, ta – terminal apophysis), showing the long embolus and base of the terminal apophysis.
Figures 12-14.
Parasyrisca arrabonica
Szinetár & Eichardt
,
sp. n.
, male habitus:
1
2
paratype from Orgovány, prosoma, dorsolateral view, showing the strong setae on the paturon
1 3
same specimen, dorsal view
1 4
same specimen, ventral view. Scale bar = 2.0.
AME - ALE 0.04, PME - PME 0.12, PME - PLE 0.16, ALE - PLE 0.18; MOQ length 0.52, front width 0.36, back width 0.4. Leg spination: femora; I,II d 1-1-0, p 0-0-1; III d 1-1-0, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1; IV d 1-1-0, (without prolateral spine), r 0-0-1; tibiae I v 2-2-0; II v 1-1-0; III v 1-1-2, p 1-1-0, r 1-1-0; IV v 1-2-2, p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1; metatarsi I-II v 2-0-0; III v 2-0-2, p 2-0-2, r 1-0-1; IV v 1-1-2, p 2-0-2, r 2-0-2.
Female
genitalia
(
Figs 4-6
) Epigyne elongate, with length/width ratio 1.7. Anterior hood twice as long as wide (
Fig. 4
), atrium elongated as in
P. songi
. Epigynal plate depressed at the posterior end, posterior ridge (PRE) invaginated from the posterior end having a two-pointed tip at the sides (
Fig. 4
). As seen in rear view (
Fig. 6
), PRE U-shaped (as the epigynal plate depressed), which is in an inverted position compared to other
Parasyrisca
species. Spermathecal ducts directed upwards and curved inwards (
Fig. 5
). Ducts significantly stronger than that of
P. turkenica
.
Colouration
.
Similar to that of male, but carapace with more distinct pattern: three radially directed dark stripes present on both sides of fovea.
Biology
.
The well-developed chelicerae equipped with strong spines (
Fig. 12
) suggest that this is a sand-dwelling species. All the adults (as immatures were not considered in the NBmR) were captured between late September and early April. Thus it seems likely that this species overwinters as adults.
Habitat
preference.
(
Figs 15-17
) We collected the specimens in the calciferous open sand steppes (coenologic name
Festucetum vaginatae danubiale
) in the area between the rivers Danube and Tisza and on the Kisalföld.
Distribution
.
(
Figs 18-19
) Known from
Hungary
only. From the
type
locality (Győrszentiván) and from two collecting sites of the Kiskunság area: Bugac and Orgovány.