Embioptera (Insecta) from Brazil: New species and a taxonomic update
Author
Szumik, Claudia
Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000, S. M. de Tucuman, Argentina
Author
Pereyra, Veronica
Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000, S. M. de Tucuman, Argentina
Author
Szumik, Victoria E. Goloboff
Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000, S. M. de Tucuman, Argentina & Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Argentina
Author
Costa-Pinto, Paula Jessica
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil & Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Author
Juarez, Maria Laura
Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas, Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000, S. M. de Tucuman, Argentina
lau_zoo@yahoo.com.ar
text
ZooKeys
2022
2022-03-10
1088
129
171
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1088.72910
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1088.72910
1313-2970-1088-129
015929874A644BA89D830B4A2F162E27
A9678B3356615CE9BE576ADD2001E4A0
Genus
Chelicerca Ross, 1940
Anisembia (Chelicerca)
Ross, 1940: 656, as subgenus of
Anisembia
Krauss, type species
Anisembia (Chelicerca) davisi
Ross by original designation.
Chelicerca
Ross, 1944: 448;
Szumik 1996
: 51-52, redelimitation of genus and cladistic analysis/phylogeny;
Ross 2003
: 67, redescription;
Szumik et al. 2008
: 999-1001, redelimitation of genus and cladistic analysis-phylogeny;
Miller 2009
: 7, catalog;
Szumik et al. 2019
: 9, tympanal hearing, silk ejectors, leg chaetotaxy, phylogeny.
Chelicerca (Protrochelicerca)
Ross, 1944: 449, type species
Chelicerca dampfi
Ross; 1984b
: 30, as synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross.
Anisembia (Dactylocerca)
Ross, 1940: 659, as subgenus of
Anisembia
Krauss, type species
Anisembia (Dactylocerca) rubra
Ross by original designation; 1944: 454, as subgenus of
Chelicerca
.
Dactylocerca
1984a: 85, genus status; 1984b: 37, diagnosis;
Szumik 1996
: 51-54, as junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross;
Ross 2003
: 78, diagnosis, composition;
Szumik et al. 2008
: 999, as probable junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross; confirmed junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross.
Schizembia
Ross, 1944: 440, type species
Schizembia grandis
Ross; 1984a
: 30, as junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross; 2003
: 59, changed status;
Szumik et al. 2008
: 999-1001, as probable junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross;
new junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross
.
Pelorembia
Ross, 1984a: 41, type species
Pelorembia tumidiceps
Ross;
Szumik 1996
: 51-54, as junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross;
Ross 2003
: 89, diagnosis;
Szumik et al. 2008
: 999, as probable junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross; confirmed junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross.
Cryptembia
Ross, 2003: 49, type species
Cryptembia amazonica
Ross;
Szumik et al. 2008
: 999-1001, as probable junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross;
new junior synonym of
Chelicerca
Ross
.
Diagnosis.
10T with completely separate hemitergites, 10Lp1 and 10Rp1 usually with discoidal form ending with a spine. H globose, Hp elongate, ending with a complex apical margin, in some cases ending in a spine-shaped lobe, in other cases ending truncated or in two small lobes; Rpp totally fused to Hp and almost inconspicuous.
Composition and distribution.
According to
Szumik (1996)
,
Szumik et al. (2008)
, and the last cladistical analysis of the Order (
Szumik et al. 2019
), the genera
Pelorembia
,
Dactylocerca
,
Schizembia
, and
Cryptembia
were previously treated as probable junior synonym of
Chelicerca
and here these synonymies are confirmed (see below for relationships). Thus, the genus
Chelicerca
contains 76 species distributed from the southern United States to Argentina (
Szumik 1998b
,
2001
;
Ross 2003
). In Brazil six species described by
Ross (2003)
occur and one new species described below. Four of the species described by
Ross (2003)
were originally described in
Cryptembia
, here designated a new junior synonym of
Chelicerca
.
Herein we only list the seven species of
Chelicerca
present in Brazil:
Chelicerca achilata
sp. nov., see below;
Chelicerca amazonica
(Ross, 2003) comb. nov.;
Chelicerca manauara
(Ross, 2003) comb. nov.;
Chelicerca paraense
(Ross, 2003) comb. nov.;
Chelicerca rioensis
Ross, 2003;
Chelicerca rondonia
(Ross, 2003);
Chelicerca rossi
nom. nov. because
Chelicerca rondonia
Ross, 2003 is a junior primary homonym of
Cryptembia rondonia
Ross, 2003 and is transferred to
Chelicerca
(see Catalog). New locality records for
C. manaurara
are added for two states of Brazil (see Catalog).
Distribution.
America.
Relationships.
Chelicerca
appeared as a paraphyletic group in all the phylogenetic analyses performed for the Order
Embioptera
(
Szumik 1996
;
Szumik et al. 2008
,
2019
;
Miller et al. 2012
).
Pelorembia
and
Dactylocerca
appeared included in the
Chelicerca
clade and therefore were proposed as junior synonyms of
Chelicerca
by
Szumik (1996)
. Subsequently, and by including new taxa and characters,
Szumik et al. (2008)
found a similar resolution for the three genera plus the inclusion of two other genera,
Schizembia
and
Cryptembia
, the five forming a monophyletic group, highly supported by some synapomorphies and almost no homoplasy. In the study of
Miller et al. (2012)
, the three analyzed species of
Chelicerca
appeared also closely related to
Cryptembia
and
Dactylocerca
. As the genera
Schizembia
and
Cryptembia
, in addition to
Pelorembia
and
Dactylocerca
, appeared as non-monophyletic and their species as members of
Chelicerca
(
Szumik et al. 2019
), these four genera are being confirmed and proposed as synonymous juniors of
Chelicerca
in this work.