A taxonomic synopsis of South American Cyanogomphini Carle with description of Cyanogomphus angelomachadoi sp. nov. from the Cerrado of Brazil (Odonata: Gomphidae) Author Pinto, Ângelo Parise Author Almeida, Marcus Vinícius Oliveira De text Zootaxa 2016 4078 1 journal volume 46773 10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.6 598cb955-c4b7-4c2b-8c74-6ee0348c7f7e 1175-5326 270853 3D0D79C2-2583-47F4-BC01-5CF347614B44 Cyanogomphus comparabilis Belle, 1994 LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3C2DF075-F675-4A30-B8E1-A9628E7367DB ( Figures 2 C, 4C, 5E, 7D–F, 8E–F, 10C, 12) Cyanogomphus comparabilis Belle, 1994 : 47 –49, figs 5–8 (description of ♂ holotype , BRAZIL . Mato Grosso State: Diamantino municipality, IV.1988 , E. Furtado leg. in ABMM, illustrations of color of mesepisternum in dorsal view, secondary genitalia in lateral view, caudal appendages in dorsal and lateral views of holotype );— Bridges (1994: VII.54 , VIII.18, mention) ;— Belle (1996: 298, comparison with C. waltheri and Ebegomphus spp.) ;— Costa et al. (2000 : 8 –9, 14, mention);— Garrison et al. (2006 : 96 , mention);— Heckman (2006 : 644 , fig. 3.2.771, key, reproduction of illustrations of ♂ holotype from Belle 1994 ). Material examined ( 2♂ ). BRAZIL . M[a]t[o] Grosso State: Holotype ♂ , Diamantino municipality, Alto Rio Arinós [ 14°09’36”S , 56°12’00”W , 337 m a.s.l.], pond at Cerrado near gallery forest, IV.1988 , E. Furtado leg.; S[ão] P[aulo] State: 1♂ Paratype , Igarapava municipality [ 20°02’20.04”S , 47°44’49.20”W , 578 m a.s.l.], Córrego Canabrava, [0] 6.II. [19]89, P.A. Machado & A. Costa leg. All in ABMM . Type repository. Holotype ♂ and one paratype ♂ by original designation in ABMM . Measurements. Males (n = 2). Total length (including caudal appendages) 42.7–47.0; abdomen length (excluding caudal appendages) 31.8–34.5; head maximum width 5.6–5.9; Fw length 24.9–25.8; Hw length 23.8–24.8; Fw maximum width 5.3–5.7, in Hw 6.4–7.1; pt length 3.1–3.4 in Fw, 3.2–3.6 in Hw; length of metathoracic femur 6.1–7.2; metathoracic tibia 4.3–5.8; length of S9+ 10 in lateral view 3.1–3.8; total length of cercus in lateral view 1.0–1.3. FIGURE 6 . Male vesica spermalis (VS) of Cyanogomphini. A–C. Cyanogomphus angelomachadoi sp. nov. , Paratype (Brazil. MG: Lagoa Santa, MNRJ); D–E. Cyanogomphus waltheri Selys, 1873 (Brazil. RJ: Cachoeiras de Macacu, Boca do Mato DZRJ 2493); F–G. Tibiagomphus noval (Rodrigues Capítulo, 1985) (Brazil. RS: Jaguarão, MNRJ). Scale bars = 1 mm. Female and Larva. Unknown. Diagnosis. Males of Cyanogomphus comparabilis can be distinguished from Tibiagomphus spp. by its cercus cylindrical, slightly curved toward to the upturned tapered apex ( Figs 7 A–I, 8A–F) and branches of epiproct with a distal concavity at posterodorsal apex ( Figs 8 B, D, F, apex of cercus directed posteriorly, epiproct dorsally smooth, without concavity in Tibiagomphus ). This distinctive species is distinguished from congeners by the largely pale mesepisternum close to the dorsal carina (dark in C. angelomachadoi sp. nov. and C. waltheri , Figs 1 , 10 A–B, D, 11A); light brownish-yellow pt ( Figs 2 C, 10C, darker, brown to dark brown in C. angelomachadoi sp. nov. and C. waltheri , Figs 2 A–B, D); almost uniformly colored abdomen, lacking distinct spots ( Fig. 10 C; patterned with dark and pale spots in C. angelomachadoi sp. nov. and C. waltheri , Figs 10 A–B, D, 11A); sharply pointed apex of posterior hamule ( Figs 4 C, distinctly less sharp in C. angelomachadoi sp. nov. and C. waltheri , Figs 4 B–D); a constriction at about anterior 0.66 to the enlarged apex of epiproct in lateral view ( Figs 7 D, 8E–F, not markedly constricted anterior to the enlarged apex in C. angelomachadoi sp. nov. and C. waltheri , Figs 7 A, G, 8A, D) and by the very small distal concavity on the epiproct, almost restricted to the apex ( Figs 7 D–F, 8E–F, distal concavity larger, roughly quadrangular, and extending more proximal in C. angelomachadoi sp. nov. and C. waltheri Figs 7 A, G, 8A–D). FIGURE 7 . Male caudal appendages of Cyanogomphini in lateral (A, D, G, J, M), dorsal (B, E, H, K, N), and ventral (C, F, I, L, O) views. A–C. Cyanogomphus angelomachadoi sp. nov. , Holotype (Brazil. MG: Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, DZRJ 1449); D–F. Cyanogomphus comparabilis Belle, 1994 , Holotype (Brazil. MT: Diamantino, ABMM); G–I. Cyanogomphus waltheri Selys, 1873 (Brazil. RJ: Cachoeiras de Macacu, Boca do Mato DZRJ 2493); J–L. Tibiagomphus noval (Rodrigues Capítulo, 1985) (Brazil. RS: Jaguarão, MNRJ); M–O. Tibiagomphus uncatus (Fraser, 1947) (Brazil. SC: Nova Teutônia, MZSP). Scale bars = 1 mm. Distribution. Mato Grosso and São Paulo States in Brazil , in the Cerrado biogeographical province ( Fig. 12 ). Biological and ecological data. Known only from two males collected close to streams or brooklets in lotic systems surrounded by forests (riparian), at 337–578 meters of elevation. Remarks. Belle (1994, p. 47) and Costa et al. (2000 , p. 8) have stated that the male paratype from São Paulo was deposited in Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands (RMNH). However, it was never sent to that collection and is still deposited in ABMM, whose collection was donated to and will be transferred to the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (UFMG). We suspect that the illustration of secondary genitalia by Belle (1994, fig. 6) was based on the paratype , as it differs from the holotype that shows an unusual shape ( Fig. 4 C). We illustrate the posterior hamule of the paratype ( Fig. 5 E) which resembles that of C. waltheri , showing a more usual shape, similar to the other Cyanogomphus species.