Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia) Author Stonis, Jonas R. Author Diškus, Arūnas Author Remeikis, Andrius Author Karsholt, Ole Author Torres, Nixon Cumbicus text Zootaxa 2017 4257 1 1 70 journal article 33170 10.5281/zenodo.557156 8f75cf6f-6fce-41d6-a734-21babf75b7db 1175-5326 557156 98E19676-EC03-4026-B4B6-39BEC10B5A05 The Stigmella imperatoria group ( Stonis et al. 2016b ) (species 12, 13) Diagnostics ( Fig. 37 ): forewing very glossy. In male genitalia, phallus with specific cluster(s) of small cornuti; valva with one or two apical processes; uncus with three to four caudal papillae; gnathos with two long and slender, closely juxtaposed or separated caudal processes and medially slender plate; vinculum with large lateral lobes. Currently the group comprises of three very similar, but distinct Andean species: one from Ecuador ( S. rubiphagiella Diškus & Stonis ) and two from Peru ( S. imperatoria Puplesis & Robinson and S. polylepiella Diškus & Stonis ). Trophic relationships: two species are known to be leaf-miners on Rubus and Polylepis (Rosaceae) . It is expected that all species of the group may be Rosaceae feeders, including S. imperatoria ( Stonis et al . 2016b ) . Leaf-mines combined. Cocoon inside of the leaf-mine.