Revision and cladistic analysis of the Southeast Asian leaf-dwelling spider genus Calapnita Simon (Araneae, Pholcidae) Author Bernhard A. Huber text Zootaxa 2017 4219 1 1 63 journal article 37319 10.5281/zenodo.273086 0d2332a5-1968-49d7-a570-f31d386eccb3 1175-5326 273086 0FA0F51A-3868-4F13-A93D-E34CA5A689F8 Calapnita kubah sp. nov. Figs 7–8 , 33–44 Diagnosis . Males are easily distinguished from known congeners by morphology of male palps (heavily sclerotized appendix with three terminal tines; subdistally widened and sclerotized embolus; Figs 33 , 39 ); females are difficult to separate from similar species ( C. deelemanae , C. phasmoides , C. subphyllicola ), but seem to differ in their internal genitalia (pore plates not round; membranous ‘sac’ absent; Fig. 37 ). FIGURES 33–37 . Calapnita kubah sp. nov. (ZFMK, Ar 15970–71). 33–34 . Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (asterisk marks membranous process). 35 . Male chelicerae, frontal view. 36–37 . Cleared female genitalia, ventral and dorsal views. a, appendix; b, genital bulb; e, embolus; f, femur; p, procursus; tr, trochanter. Scale lines: 0.3 mm (35–37), 0.5 mm (33– 34). FIGURES 38–44 . Calapnita kubah sp. nov. , SEM micrographs (ZFMK, Ar 15970–71). 38 . Male cheliceral apophysis. 39 . Right bulbal appendix and embolus, prolateral view (arrow points at sperm duct opening). 40 . Male gonopore. 41 . Male ALS. 42 . Male prosoma, frontal view. 43 . Epigynum, ventral view. 44 . Female ALS. a, appendix; b, genital bulb; e, embolus. Scale lines: 10 µm (38, 41, 44), 30 µm (40), 100 µm (39, 42, 43). Etymology . The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition. Material examined. Holotype . MALAYSIA-BORNEO: ♂ , ZFMK ( Ar 15969), Sarawak , Kubah National Park , along Main Trail ( 1.611°N , 110.191– 110.195°E ), 160–200 m a.s.l. , undersides of palm leaves, 13.vii.2014 ( B.A. Huber , S.B. Huber ). Other material . MALAYSIA-BORNEO: 10♂ 9♀ 1 juv. , ZFMK (Ar 15970–71), and 1♂ 1♀ , SMK , same data as holotype ; 5♀ in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Bor 191), same data . 2♂ 1♀ , ZFMK ( Ar 15972), Sarawak , Kubah National Park , near entrance to Waterfall Trail ( 1.606°N , 110.187°E ), 300 m a.s.l. , undersides of large palm leaves, 12.vii.2014 ( B.A. Huber , S.B. Huber ) ; 5♀ 3 juvs in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Bor 222), same data . Description. Male ( holotype ) MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 6.9, carapace width 1.1. Leg 1: 42.9 (10.1 + 0.5 + 10.3 + 20.0 + 2.0), tibia 2: 7.6, tibia 3: 4.5, tibia 4: 7.2; tibia 1 L/d: 98. Distance PME-PME 245 µm, diameter PME 115 µm, distance PME- ALE ~25 µm; no trace of AME. COLOR. Prosoma mostly pale whitish, sternum with indistinct darker marks; legs pale ochre-yellow with dark brown patellae and tibia-metatarsus joints; abdomen monochromous pale ochre-gray. BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 7 ; ocular area barely elevated ( Fig. 42 ), each triad on very low hump; carapace without median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum wider than long (0.70/0.64), unmodified. CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 35 , with pair of simple scaly apophyses ( Fig. 38 ) near lamellae and pair of indistinct lateral humps proximally; without modified hairs; without stridulatory ridges. PALPS. As in Figs 33–34 ; coxa unmodified; trochanter with long retrolatero-ventral apophysis; femur without processes; procursus rather straight, long, with strong prolatero-ventral ‘knee’, with prolateral process at halflength continuing towards tip of procursus as transparent lamina; bulb with small membranous (but not wormshaped) proximal process; large appendix with three heavily sclerotized distal tines ( Fig. 39 ); long embolus arising from base of appendix, with distinctive sclerotized subdistal widening ( Fig. 39 ), with semitransparent tip. LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 pseudosegments not visible in dissecting microscope. Male (variation). Tibia 1 in 13 other males: 9.5–10.4 (mean 9.9). Female . In general similar to male; eye triads slightly closer together (distance PME-PME 220 µm). Tibia 1 in 11 females : 7.6–9.2 (mean 8.4). Epigynum very simple, weakly sclerotized and folded ( Fig. 43 ), internal anterior arch visible through cuticle ( Fig. 36 ); with simple short posterior ‘knob’; internal genitalia as in Fig. 37 . Natural history . The spiders were only found on the undersides of palm leaves. At one site (“along Main Trail”), palms were common and spiders abundant; at the other site (“near entrance to Waterfall Trail”) palms were rare and so were spiders. Distribution . Known from type locality in western Sarawak only ( Fig. 281 ).