The Goniodidae (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) of peafowl (Aves: Galliformes: Pavo), with description of a new genus
Author
Gustafsson, Daniel R.
Author
Grossi, Alexandra A.
Author
Ren, Mengjiao
Author
Zou, Fasheng
text
Journal of Natural History
2023
2023-07-14
57
17 - 20
996
1048
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2226375
journal article
55336
10.1080/00222933.2023.2226375
79c6cc16-cda1-4ea6-9ffb-05855d9cbfcf
1464-5262
8270799
FFDF1435-92D6-4C19-9B51-3AB61E1BD7DA
Key to the species of goniodid lice occurring on hosts in the genus
Pavo
Linnaeus, 1758
Note that
Goniodes dissimilis
Denny, 1842
, is likely not a common occurrence on peafowls but has been reported from
Pakistan
(
Naz and Rizvi 2018
). We also include the unidentified species reported by
Nasser
et al
. (2015)
, which they reported as
G. dissimilis
. The species collected by
Nasser
et al
. (2015)
belongs to species group K
sensu
Clay (1940)
, which
von Kéler (1940)
considered to be the separate genus
Solenodes
Kéler, 1940
, but the photographed specimen cannot be identified to the species level. Potentially, these species are locally established on peafowl, but published data are insufficient. They are included here for completeness, to help identify other specimens collected from the same regions.
1. Males ........................................................................................................................................................ 2.
- Females ................................................................................................................................................... 8.
2. Antennae modified: at least scape expanded or elongated and flagellomere I with thumb-like distal process (
Figure 3
) ............................................................................................ 3.
- Antennae not modified ............................................
Goniocotes rectangulatus
Giebel 1866
3. Scape cylindrical, without any processes .................................................................................. 4.
- Scape either with squamous, thumb-like process (
Figure 3
), or with broadly triangular, non-squamous process bearing a seta apically (
Figure 26
) .............................................. 5.
4. Lateral margin of temples rounded, not extending lateral to eye; marginal carina very broad, with posterior margin reaching about halfway of distance between frons and preantennal nodi; genitalia with distinct mesosome and parameres .................................. ........................................................................................................
Goniodes dissimilis
Denny, 1842
.
- Lateral margin of temples pointed, extending much lateral to eye; marginal carina narrow, with posterior margin reaching to at most 1/5 of distance between frons and preantennal nodi; genitalia without clear mesosome or parameres.. ............................... ................................................................................
Goniodes
species
group K
sensu
Clay (1940)
.
5. Scape with squamous, thumb-like process (
Figure 3
); each of abdominal segments III–
V
with>2
sts
on each side (
Figure 1
);
os
macroseta (
Figure 3
) ........................................ 6.
- Scape with broadly triangular, non-squamous process bearing a seta apically (
Figure 26
); each of abdominal segments III–
V
with at most 1
sts
on each side (
Figure 24
);
os
short (
Figure 26
) .................................................................................................... 7.
6. Pterothorax with flat lateral margin where
lpts
and
pts
are close together (
Figure 1
); each of tergopleurites III–
V
with>2 central macrosetae on each side (
Figure 1
); tergopleurite X extended antero-laterally to reach near tergopleurite VIII (
Figure 1
); parameres widening distally (
Figure 5
) ....................
Goniodes pavonis
(
Linnaeus, 1758
)
- Pterothorax with rounded lateral margin where
lpts
and
ipts
and widely separated (
Figure 10
); each of tergopleurites IIIV with 1 central macroseta on each side (
Figure 10
); tergopleurite X not extended antero-laterally (
Figure 10
); parameres slender and tapering (
Figure 14
) ..............................
Goniodes meinertzhageni
Clay 1940
.
7. Genitalia asymmetrical (
Figures 28–29
); apical seta of triangular extension of scape spike-like (
Figure 26
); temples not bulging at
mts1
and
mts5
(
Figure 26
);
mts2, mts4
and
pos
thick, thorn-like (
Figure 26
) ....................
Pavoniocotes parviceps
(
Piaget, 1880
)
.
- Genitalia symmetrical (
Figures 42–43
); apical seta of triangular extension of scape thorn-like (
Figure 40
); temples bulging at
mts1
and
mts5
(
Figure 40
);
mts2, mts4
and
pos
microsetae (
Figure 40
) ..................................................................................................................... ................................................
Pavoniocotes mayuri
(
Lakshminarayana and Emerson 1971
)
.
8. Abdominal segments III–
V
with 1
sts
on each side (
Figure 19
) ....................................... 9.
- Abdominal segments III–
V
with>2
sts
on each side (
Figure 2
) ..................................... 12.
9. Sclerotised triangular processes on each side antero-lateral to vulval margin; large, highly setose fleshy lobes on each side postero-lateral to vulval margin; temples extended laterally to pointed process, with
pos
apical .............................................................. ........................................................................................................
Goniodes dissimilis
Denny, 1842
.
- No sclerotised triangular process; no fleshy, setose lobes; temples rounded, and
pos
situated on lateral margin of head, not on lateral process ............................................. 10.
10. No tergopleurites with
tps
microsetae (
Figure 19
); vulval margin with sparse row of short
vms
(
Figure 22
) ................................................
Goniocotes rectangulatus
Giebel 1866
.
- At least some of tergopleurites II–VIII with one or more
tps
microsetae on each side (
Figure 25
); vulval margin with dense row of medium-length
vms
(
Figure 30
) ...... 11.
11. Accessory lateral sternal plates present (
Figure 25
);
psps
absent on at least tergopleurite II (
Figure 25
) ...........................................................
Pavoniocotes parviceps
(
Piaget, 1880
)
.
- Accessory lateral sternal plates absent (
Figure 39
);
psps
present on tergopleurite II (
Figure 39
) ............ ............
Pavoniocotes mayuri
(
Lakshminarayana and Emerson 1971
)
.
12. Tergopleurites II–
VI
with>3 central macrosetae on each side (
Figure 2
); accessory lateral sternal plates not associated with row of microsetae (
Figure 2
); subgenital plate absent (
Figure 7
) ......................... .........................
Goniodes pavonis
(
Linnaeus, 1758
)
.
- Tergopleurites II–
VI
with single central macroseta on each side (
Figure 11
); accessory lateral sternal plates with rows of microsetae on posterior margin (
Figure 11
); subgenital plate present (
Figure 16
) ..............................
Goniodes meinertzhageni
Clay 1940
.