Culicoides Latreille and Leptoconops Skuse biting midges of the southwestern United States with emphasis on the Canyonlands of southeastern Utah (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Author
Phillips, Robert A.
2962 Desert Road Moab, UT 84532 USA
text
Insecta Mundi
2022
2022-01-28
2022
907
1
214
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.6391684
1942-1354
6391684
CBD29188-143B-44DF-BE21-1654D50D8621
Culicoides
(
Diphaomyia
)
inyoensis
Wirth and Blanton
(
Fig. 75
, 128, 211, 212)
Culicoides
(
Diphaomyia
)
inyoensis
Wirth and Blanton, 1969a: 565
(female, male; fig. female antenna, palpus, wing, eye separation, spermathecae, leg, male genitalia, parameres;
California
).
Atchley and Wirth 1979: 541
(key; numerical characters; female; male genitalia; fig. female antenna, palpus, wing, eye separation, spermathecae, leg, male genitalia, parameres).
Wirth et al. 1985: 18
(numerical characters; fig. female wing).
Diagnosis.
(
Tables 14
,
15
) Wing pattern extensive; r
2
dark; large distal pale spots in r
3
, m
1
, m
2
, cua
1
, but may be diffuse and indistinct; distal pale spot in r
3
centered at ~0.7 the distance from apex of costa to apex of M
1
, extending into distal 0.1 of cell; M
1
dark; pale spot barely on M
2
at ~0.4, spreading anterior into m
1
; spermathecae subequal, with sclerotized necks; ventral apodeme of gonocoxite with two widely divergent processes, footlike; basal arms of aedeagus each with spurlike process on posterior margin, median process of aedeagus slightly tapering to blunt tip, aedeagal ratio ~0.5; parameres separate, each with bulbous submedian lobe and subapical fringe of spines.
Distribution.
California
,
Utah
(Garfield, Grand counties).
Adult behavior.
The mandibular and lacinial teeth on the female indicate it feeds on vertebrate blood; and though its hosts are unknown, the SCo presence on only the proximal flagellomeres suggests it is mammalophilic.
Symbionts.
Male and female
C
.
inyoensis
were parasitized by larval mites (
Table 10
), which species may indicate its pupal habitat or oviposition site.
Remarks.
Wirth and Blanton (1969a)
discuss
C
.
inyoensis
’ similarity to
Culicoides mohave
Wirth
, which have similar wing and SCo patterns. In the present study, I identified a female
C
.
inyoensis
collected by J. N. Belkin from Saratoga Spring, Death Valley, San Bernardino County,
California
,
30 May 1953
, that had been misidentified as
C
.
mohave
. It seems likely other specimens identified as
C
.
mohave
before
C
.
inyoensis
’ 1969 description are also misidentified.
The
C
.
inyoensis
type
series was collected from Resting Springs, Inyo County,
California
,
29–30 May 1955
, along with several
C
.
mohave
. Saratoga Spring is only
32 km
away from and ~
465 m
lower than Resting Springs; thus, their habitats overlap in the Mojave Desert environment, with
C
.
inyoensis
ranging more northern into the Canyonlands of
Utah
and
C
.
mohave
more southern into the Sonoran Desert of
Baja California
.