Caliroa slug sawflies of Japan (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) Author Hara, Hideho Nishi 4 Kita 3 4 - 29, Bibai, Hokkaido 072 - 0033, Japan. E-mail: harahideho @ bell. ocn. ne. jp Author Ibuki, Shinichi Wami 1355 - 13, Nakagawa, Tochigi, 324 - 0612 Japan. E-mail: banbi-fa @ ktd. biglobe. ne. jp text Zootaxa 2020 2020-05-04 4768 3 301 333 journal article 22416 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.3.1 a068f737-c024-4d3d-b88b-665915062ec6 1175-5326 3783994 C8036F69-F881-4727-96E7-C78AA6C7F920 Caliroa nire Hara sp. nov. ( Figs 1T , 2Q, R , 3M, W , 4T , 5M, P , 10K, L ) Description: female ( holotype ). Length 5.3 mm . Black, shiny with colorless reflection ( Fig. 2Q, R ). Labrum black. Mandible black, apically reddish brown. Legs black, fore and middle legs yellow from apices of femora to tarsi, with tibiae brownish dorsally and posteriorly and tarsi apically darkened; hind leg yellow on narrow apex of femur, basal fourth of tibia and basal half of first tarsomere; tibial spurs yellow to brown; claws brown. Wings brown on basal two thirds, colorless transparent on apical third; veins and stigma black. Postocellar area 1.7 × as wide as length behind lateral ocellus; anterior groove absent. Clypeus with depth of emargination 0.3 × median length of clypeus ( Fig. 3M ). Malar space about as wide as facet of eye, without setae. First flagellomere 0.8 × as long as second and third flagellomeres combined ( Fig. 3W ); apical four flagellomeres combined 1.3 × as long as first flagellomere. Forewing with joint of vein Rs and crossvein 2r-rs located at apical 0.35 of anterior margin of cell 1Rs2; basal corner of cell 1M slightly acute ( Fig. 2Q ). Hind wing with joint of vein 1A and crossvein cu-a located basal to apex of cell 1A ( Fig. 4T ); crossveins 2r-m and m-cu present. Punctures mostly minute or inconspicuous. Head and thorax mostly smooth. Mesoscutellum with only inconspicuous minute punctures. Mesoscutellar appendage setose, laterally narrowly glabrous ( Fig. 5M ). Dorsum of abdomen mostly reticulately microsculptured ( Fig. 5P ). Lance ( Fig. 10K ) with dorsal margin slightly serrate; serrations angulated. Lancet ( Fig. 10K, L ) with 18 serrulae; ctenidia distinctly darkened, ventrally extending to level of base of serrula; middle serrulae shallower than wide, each with two anterior and three to four posterior teeth; areas between middle serrulae distinctly convex, about as wide as adjacent serrula. Male . Unknown. Immature stages . Final feeding instar (semifinal instar) larva ( Fig. 1T ): 8 mm long; covered with dark brown slime. Material examined . Holotype ( Figs 1T , 2Q, R , 3M, W , 4T , 5M, P , 10K, L ): ♀ , “[HH110821A] JAPAN : Hok- kaido, Tokachi , Shintoku , Shintoku , coll. solitary larva on Ulmus pumila , 21. VIII. 2011 , mat. 23. VIII ., em. 20. V. 2012 , H. Hara ”. Etymology . The species epithet is from Nire, the Japanese name for elm, and is a noun in apposition. Distribution . Japan : Hokkaido . Bionomics . Host plant: Ulmaceae : Ulmus pumila L. This tree species is an introduced species from northeastern China , and so not the original host. One larva was collected in late August. The larva and its feeding traces were found on the under surface of a leaf ( Fig. 1T ). In rearing condition, the larva matured and entered the soil in late August. The female emerged in the following year. Remarks . In eastern Palearctic and Oriental species, C. nire is similar to two Chinese species, C. angustata Forsius, 1927 and C. semicincta Wei, 2007 , and five Japanese species, C. matsumotonis , C. nara , C. ouensis , C. vaccini (part) and C. zelkovae , in having a black body with colorless reflection, a basally pale marked hind tibia, basally dark and apically hyaline or lighter wings, and a female hind wing with the joint of vein 1A and crossvein cu-a located basal to the apex of cell 1A. It will be distinguished from the two Chinese species by apical four flagellomeres combined 1.3 × as long as a first flagellomere [about as long as in the latter two] and abdominal terga microsculptured [not microsculptured in the latter two]. The ovipositors of these three species are very similar, but this species has a lance with serrations slight and angulated ( Fig. 10K ) [more distinct and rounded in C. angustata (fig. 4A, C in Hara, 2011 )], and a lancet with ctenidea narrow and the basal teeth of serrulae large ( Fig. 10K, L ) [ctenidea wide and the basal teeth of serrulae small in C. semicincta (figs 4, 5 in Wei & Niu, 2007 )]. For differences from the five Japanese species, see the key to Japanese species above. In the key to western Palearctic species by Lacourt (2002) , C. nire goes to the couplet 6, but does not precisely fit either line of the couplet. In the key to Nearctic species by Smith (1971) , C. nire goes to the couplet 11 containing C. labrata MacGillivray, 1909 and C. obsoleta (Norton, 1867) , but it is distinguished from C. labrata by a hind tarsus basally pale ( Fig. 2Q ) [not pale in the latter] and wings basally dark and apically hyaline [uniformly, lightly infuscated in the latter], and from C. obsoleta by wings basally dark and apically hyaline [uniformly hyaline in the latter] and apical four flagellomeres together distinctly longer than a first flagellomere [subequal to in the latter]. Their lancets are also different (compare Fig. 10K, L with figs 69 and 74 in Smith, 1971 ).