Redescription of Eurhopalothrix reichenspergeri (Santschi, 1923) stat. rev. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a Brazilian Atlantic Forest endemic species Author Chaul, Júlio Cezar Mário text Zootaxa 2022 2022-09-02 5182 1 1 20 journal article 137731 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.1.1 582ad263-c1b1-4922-b03b-6c088eb6db40 1175-5326 7042702 08E62B78-7462-4EB3-8727-7221899886E9 A list of the southern South American Eurhopalothrix Eurhopalothrix bruchi Santschi, 1922 Eurhopalothrix clypeata Brown & Kempf, 1960 Eurhopalothrix depressa Ketterl et al., 2004 Eurhopalothrix lenkoi Kempf, 1967 Eurhopalothrix pilulifera Brown & Kempf, 1960 Eurhopalothrix reichenspergeri ( Santschi, 1923 ) stat. rev. Eurhopalothrix speciosa Brown & Kempf, 1960 Eurhopalothrix spectabilis Kempf, 1962 Key to the southern South American Eurhopalothrix species 1 Dorsum of head, mesosoma and metasoma entirely covered on appressed squamose setae. Small species (HW 0.38–0.45) ( Fig. 3 )................................................. E. bruchi (ARG; BRA: SC, PR , SP, RJ, MG, ES, BA; PAR) - Pilosity never as above, species either mostly glabrous having conspicuous standing setae, sparsely distributed, easily countable, forming symmetrical pairs and ground pilosity never squamose. Various sizes, usually larger than above................ 2 2 Transverse arched ridge present on face.................................................................... 3 FIGURE 3. Eurhopalothrix bruchi with its unique pilosity among the Neotropical Eurhopalothrix composed of a dense cover of appressed squamosed setae. Scale bar is 1 mm. - Transverse arched ridge absent on face.................................................................... 4 3 Transverse arched ridge on clypeal region ( Fig. 4 , A)...................................... E. clypeata (BRA: BA) - Transverse arched ridge on frontovertexal region ( Fig. 4 , B).......................... E. depressa (BRA: SP, SC, RS) 4 Dorsum of head, mesosoma and metasoma devoid of standing setae ( Fig. 5 , A)................................................................................................. E. spectabilis (BRA: BA, MG, SP, PR , SC; PAR). FIGURE 4 . Transverse arched carinae on head. A , carina on clypeus of Eurhopalothrix clypeata (UFV-LABECOL-000773, image by Jack Longino); B , carina on frontovertex of E. depressa (CASENT0636778, image by Jack Longino). - Dorsum of head, mesosoma and metasoma having standing “pompon-like” setae ( Fig. 5 , B)......................... 5 5 Infradental propodeal lamella expanded at least in its upper portion ( Fig. 6 , A).................................... 6 FIGURE 5. Presence (black arrowheads) and absence of large, spatulate setae on dorsum of body. A , E. spectabilis (UFV- LABECOL-008985); B , Eurhopalothrix reichenspergeri (UFV-LABECOL-000725). - Infradental propodeal lamella small and adjunct to the curvature of the propodeal descending surface ( Fig. 6 , B).......... 7 FIGURE 6 . Development of infradental lamella. A , expanded, subquadrate lamella of E. pilulifera (CASENT0618717, image by Brendon Boudinot); B , thin lamella, accompanying propodeal descending surface of Eurhopalothrix speciosa (CASENT0280767, image by Estella Ortega). 6 Projecting setae on anterior margin of scape considerably different from those on its dorsal surface. Infradental lamella expanded across its entire length. Large species (HW 0.96)..................................... E. lenkoi (BRA: BA, ES, SP) - Scape without differentiated setae on its anterior margin when compared to those on its dorsal surface. Infradental lamella becomes thin on its lowermost level ( Fig. 6 , A). Small species (HW 0.53–0.58)........ E. pilulifera (BOL; BRA: BA, GO) 7 Dorsum of head with three pairs of standing setae; promesonotum with two pairs (both at the mesonotal level). Eye large, easily larger than diameter of tip of pompon-like seta as seen from above ( Fig. 7 , A)......... E. speciosa (BRA: MG , RJ , SP, SC ) - Dorsum of head with nine pairs of standing setae; promesonotum with four pairs (two at the pronotum level and two at the mesonotum level). Eye small, not much larger than diameter of tip of pompon-like seta as seen from above ( Fig. 7 , B)......................................................................... E. reichenspergeri (BRA; MG, SP, SC) FIGURE 7 . Full-face view of heads of A , E. speciosa (CASENT0280767, image by Estella Ortega) and B , E. reichenspergeri (UFV-LABECOL-010765) comparing head setation and evincing the relative size of the compound eyes by comparing the eyes with expanded tips of the specialized setae. With the revival of E. reichenspergeri , registers of E. gravis from southern South America which were not studied, such as that of Silva & Brandão (2014) , might in fact represent E. reichenspergeri populations. Only two Eurhopalothrix species , E. clypeata and E. pilulifera , remain occurring both in the southern and in the northern portions of South America ( Fig. 8 ).