Survey of the fruits and endocarps of Icacinaceae (Lamiids, Icacinales) Author Rio, Cédric Del Author Stull, Gregory W. Author Franceschi, Dario De text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-05-14 645 1 130 journal article 22093 10.5852/ejt.2020.645 1cd473d9-9d96-438f-bab4-29c5e56f82b8 3829651 Iodes perrieri Sleumer Fig. 14.19–14.27 Material examined Specimen used for endocarp and fruit description MADAGASCAR • 1926; Perrier de la Bâthie 17843 ; P [ MNHN-P-P04472108 ]. Fig. 14. Fruits of Icacinaceae Miers. 1–9 . Iodes madagascariensis Baill. ( Chapelier s.n. ; MNHN- P-P04472113). 1 . Dried fruit, lateral view. 2–6 . Broken endocarp. 2 . Lateral view showing a reticulate pattern of ridges. 3 . Dorsal view showing a keel surrounding the endocarp. 4 . Opposite lateral view. 5 . Apical view. 6 . Basal view. 7 . SEM image of the pericarp in a transverse section showing the vascular bundle embedded within the endocarp wall (arrow). 8 . Other view of the pericarp in a transverse section showing the endocarp wall. 9 . Detail showing the papillae on the locule surface. – 10–18 . Iodes ovalis Blume ( Hiep HLF 203 ). 10 . Broken dried fruit, lateral view. 11–15 . Broken endocarp. 11 . Lateral view showing the reticulation and roughness. 12 . Dorsal view showing a keel surrounding the endocarp. 13 . Opposite lateral view (arrow = horn-like protrusion). 14 . Apical view. 15 . Basal view. 16 . SEM image of the vascular bundle embedded within the endocarp wall (arrow). 17 . SEM image of a ridge in transverse section. 18 . SEM image of the papillae on the locule surface. – 19–27 . Iodes perrieri Sleumer ( Perrier de la Bâthie 17843 ). 19 . Dried fruit, lateral view. 20–24 . Endocarp. 20 . Lateral view showing a reticulate pattern of faintly marked ridges. 21 . Dorsal view of endocarp. 22 . Opposite lateral view. 23 . Apical view. 24 . Basal view. 25 . SEM image of a ridge and endocarp wall in transverse section. 26 . Detail showing the endocarp cells in the upper part. 27 . SEM image of the papillae on the locule surface. Images taken from Del Rio (2018). Scale bars: 1–6, 10–15, 19–24 = 10 mm; 16 = 1 mm; 7–8, 17, 25 = 500 μm; 26 = 200 μm; 9, 18, 27 = 50 μm. Fig. 14. (see full caption on page 40) Other material MADAGASCAR • 1932; J. Leandri 468 ; P [ MNHN-P-P04472110 ] • 1996; C.C.H. Jongkind 3385 ; P [ MNHN-P-P05279694 ] • 1997; C.C.H. Jongkind 3696 ; P [ MNHN-P-P05274867 ]. Description FRUIT. Globose, brown when mature. Epicarp strigose, with yellow simple hairs with granular ornamentation, finely ridged when dry, revealing the underlying reticulum of endocarp ridges. Mesocarp 88–111 µm thick when dry. Length 11–17 mm , width 11.3–15.0 mm, thickness 10–12 mm . ENDOCARP. Cream, globose in lateral view and transverse section, length ca 11.5 mm , width ca 10.9 mm , thickness ca 9.2 mm . Keel thin and delicate, surrounding the endocarp in the plane of symmetry, with the thicker margin containing the primary vascular bundle embedded within the endocarp wall. Apex slightly asymmetrical; base rounded, symmetrical. Outer surface of the endocarp ridged with two types of ridges. The primary ridges comprise three main longitudinal ridges, two of them spanning from the apex to the base. Primary ridges thin, rounded and forming a sparse diffuse pattern. Secondary ridges thin and sharp, delimiting a dense reticulum enclosing numerous areoles. Endocarp possessing a symmetrical pair of pores positioned eccentrically and subapically on the endocarp faces. Vasculature of the endocarp resting on ridges. Endocarp wall 317–338 µm thick excluding ridges ( 340–426 µm thick including ridges). Endocarp wall with three cell layers: outermost layer with 3–11 rows of isodiametric to anticlinally oriented cells, cells 23.7–44.0 µm in width, followed by a layer with 3–9 rows of periclinally oriented cells, cells 20–27 µm in width, innermost layer with one row of periclinally oriented cells, cells 12–18 µm in width, covering the inner endocarp surface with regularly spaced and rounded papillae; papillae 12.3–18.0 µm (av. 14.9 µm ) in diameter, ca 448 papillae per 0.25 mm 2 . Locule lacunate.