Review of the genus Kailashia (Apiaceae) with description of a new species K. bouffordi from Xizang, China Author Kljuykov, Eugene Author Lavrova, Tatiana Author Terentieva, Elena Author Ukrainskaja, Uliana Author Lyskov, Dmitry text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-09-16 564 2 257 264 journal article 147235 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.2.9 c0572a7e-7425-4732-ac3d-d2979f1300ad 1179-3163 7087308 Kailashia bouffordii Kljuykov & Lavrova sp. nov. ( Figs. 1–2 , Table 1 ). TABLE 1. Comparasion of diagnostic characters of Kailashia bouffordi , K. robusta , and K. xizangensis .

Characters	K. bouffordi	K. robusta	K. xizangensis
Pubescence of stem under umbel	nearly glabrous	densely pubescent	scabrous
Shape of leaf blades	obovate-lanceolate	rhombic or obovate	lanceolate
Length of petiolules of primary segments of leaves	segments sessile or with short petiolules up to 3 mm	1–4.5 cm long	0.5–2 cm long
Shape of sheaths	lanceolate	obovate or obovate-lanceolate	lanceolate
Bract number	absent or 1–3	6–9	5–15
Length of pedicels (mm)	9–10, tiny	4–7, tiny	4–5, thickened
Shape of stylopodia	low conical	flat	low conical
Shape and length of styles (mm)	ribbon-like, 0.3–0.5	tiny, 1.5–2	tiny, 1.5
Shape of carpophore	undivided	bifurcate	bifurcate
Size of mericarps (mm)	5–7 × 2.5–4	5–9.5 × 3.5–7	6–7 × 2.8–3.5
Pubescence of fruits	nearly glabrous	nearly glabrous	densely hirsute
Ribs of mericarps at base	free	adnate	free
Size of commissure	medium	broad	broad

Type :— CHINA . Xizang ( Tibet ) Autonomous Region , Jiangda Xian , WSW of the city of Jiangda ( Gyamda ) along small river and road to Changdu ( Chamdo ) (highway 317), meadows on gentle to steep slopes, outcropping ledge and rivulets and streamlets in ravines, stony slope with rock ledge outcrops, 3850 m a.s.l. , 31º 19′ 58″ N 98º 7′ 43″ E , 30 July 2004 , D.E. Boufford , J.H. Chen , S.L. Kelley , J. Li , R.H. Ree , H. Sun , J.P. Yue & Y.H. Zhang , 31320 ( holotype : MW barcode MW0595762!; isotype: HARV) . The new species is related to K. robusta and K. xizangensis and differs from them in the stem under umbel nearly glabrous (vs. densely pubescent in K. robusta or scabrous in K. xizangensis ), the obovate-lanceolate (vs. lanceolate) leaf blades, the primary leaf segments sessile or with short petiolules up to 3 mm long (vs. with petiolules 1–4.5 cm long in K. robusta ), bracts absent or 1–3 (vs. 6–9 in K. robusta or 5–15 in K. xizangensis ), pedicels 9–10 mm long (vs. 4–7 mm long in K. robusta or ca. 5 mm long in K. xizangensis ), styles short ribbon-like, 0.3–0.5 mm long (vs. 1.5–2 mm long in K. robusta and K. xizangensis ), carpophores undeveloped and undivided (vs. well-developed and bifurcate in K. robusta and K. xizangensis ), and smooth fruits (vs. densely hirsute in K. xizangensis ). FIGURE 1. Holotype of Kailashia bouffordii (MW0595762). Courtesy of the National Depository Bank of Live Systems, Moscow State University. FIGURE 2. Mericarp of Kailashia bouffordii : A—dorsal view (scale bar = 2 mm); B—commissural view (scale bar = 2 mm); C—(scale bar = 1 mm): 1—exocarp, 2—mesocarp parenchyma with lignified pitted walls 3—vascular bundle, 4— vitta, 5—endosperm, 6—cavity. FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Kailashia species : K. bouffordii (green dots), K. robusta (red dots), and K. xizangensis (blue dots). Perennial herb with usually unbranching taproot 10–25 mm ⌀ , nearly glabrous ( Fig. 1 ). Stems 20–50 cm high, branching several times, 2–4 mm ⌀ at base, solitary or several, erect, solid, densely covered with short (about 1 cm long) filiform remains of petioles in lower part, ribbed, covered with short prickles. Leaves multiple, basal leaves forming rosette; petioles 5–7 cm long with long non-ventricose obovate-lanceolate sheaths covered with short hairs, especially around nerves; leaf blades 7–10 cm long, 4–5 cm wide, obovate-lanceolate, bi- or tripinnate, primary segments sessile or with short petiolules up to 3 mm long; terminal lobes rhombic in outline, dissected up to base into linear or linear-lanceolate segments 3–4 mm long, 0.4–0.5 mm wide. Cauline leaves 4–5, leaves simplified, bipinnate with long lanceolate purple sheaths; uppermost leaves especially strongly reduced, with elongate slightly enlarged sheaths and reduced bipinnate leaf blades. Umbels central and lateral, well-developed, 5–10 cm ⌀ , with dense mature fruits, 15–25-rayed. Rays rounded, scabrous, slightly thickened and unequal, 3–5 cm long. Bracts absent or up to three narrow-linear. Umbellules with 15–25 flowers, peduncles slightly unequal and tiny, scabrous, 8–10 mm long. Bracteoles 3–9, filiform, entire, with prickles on margin. Petals white, glabrous, obovate, with short claw at base and long, declinate and sinuate top, 1–2 mm long. Calyx teeth narrow-linear; carpophore fused with commissure and undivided; stylopodia low conical, undulate-tuberous; styles short, ribbon-like, decurved, about 1 mm long. Fruits elliptic, slightly scabrous, mericarps homomorphic ( Fig. 2 ), slightly dorsally compressed, 5–7 mm long, 2.5–4 mm wide, elliptic or elongate-elliptic, only primary ribs present; ribs slightly ventricose, marginal ribs winged, dorsal ribs narrower, unequal, with entire margins; mesocarp with parenchyma cells lignified, with pitted walls; commissure narrow or intermediate; secretory ducts between ribs solitary or double, number of commissural secretory ducts 4; endosperm flat at commissural side. Additional studied specimens: CHINA . Qinghai : Nangqen Xian , Kanda Xia , the gorge leading E from the Za Qu ( upper Mekong ) on road from Nangqen to Yushu. 3650 m a.s.l. , 32º17′ N , 96º30′ E , 4 September 1996 , T.N. Ho , B. Bartholomew , M. Watson , & M. Gilbert 2879 ( E00791930 ) ; without precise locality, 4100 m a.s.l. , 12 August 1965 , Liu Shangwu 00397 ( PE00759647 ) ; without precise locality, 3700 m a.s.l. , 4 July 1980 , Dashan Luo , Zhenchang Zuo , et al. 800328 ( NAS00034527 ) ; without precise locality, 4000 m a.s.l. , 7 July 1980 , Dashan Luo , Zhenchang Zuo , et al. 800415 ( NAS00034526 ) ; without precise locality, 4100 m a.s.l. , 12 August 1965 , Shangwu Liu 00397 (PE00759647). Sichuan : NW Sichuan , 31º56′′ N 98º55′ E . B. Dickoré , 1994-389-10 (MW0757751, GOET). Xizang : E-Tibet, Upper Salween basin, Dengqen-Serca , W of pass 31º28′ N 95º23′ E , 4200 m a.s.l. , 9 July 1994 , B.Dickoré 9173 (MW0757752, GOET); Gogngjue (Gongjo) Xian, along highway S501 from highway 314 between Jiangda (Gyamda) and Qingnidong (Qunyido) to the city of Gongjue ( Gongo in Tibetan ), 31º8′48′′ N 98º10′25′′ E , 4200 m . a.s.l., 30 July 2009 , D.E. Boufford , B. Bartholomew , D.A. Eaton , X.H. Li , R.H. Ree , B. Xu , J.P. Yue , J. W . Zhang & X.X. Zhu 41440 (MW0595763, HARV); Jiangda (Gyamda) Xian: ca. 21 km W of the city of Jiangda on highway 314 (to Changdu), then on road to Yushu, Qinghai Province , ca. 32.5 km in a straight line from the center of the city of Jiangda, 31º41′4″ N , 97º56′59″ E . 4030–4100 m a.s.l. , 3 August 2009 , D.E. Boufford , B. Bartholomew , D.A. Eaton , X.H. Li , R.H. Ree , B. Xu , J.P. Yue , J. W . Zhang & X.X. Zhu 41785 (HARV, MW0595764); Zuogong (Zogang) Xian, S of the city of Zuogong along the Yu Qu ( Yu River ; often Yuqu He on Chinese maps) Y563, 29º29′40″ N , 97º56′38″ E , 4030–4100 m a.s.l. , 18 July 2009 , D.E. Boufford , B. Bartholomew , D.A. Eaton , X.H. Li , R.H. Ree , B. Xu , J.P. Yue , J. W . Zhang & X.X. Zhu 40810 (HARV, MW); without precise locality, 28 August 1976 , Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition Team 11121 (KUN, PE00759648, PE00759652); without precise locality, 16 August 1976 , Qinghai-Tibet Scientific Expedition Team 4744 (KUN); without precise locality, 4700–4800 m a.s.l. , 13 August 1976 , Qinghai-Tibet Team Vegetation Group 13457 (PE00759641, PE00759642); without precise locality, 3800 m a.s.l. , 2 July 1976 , QinghaiTibet Scientific Expedition Team 12166 (PE00759645, PE00759646). Etymology:— The species is named in honor of the American botanist David Edward Boufford, who collects the most complete specimens of the new species. Phenology:— Flowering from June to August; fruiting from July to September. Distribution and ecology:— China (NE Xizang , SE Qinghai , NW Sichuan ) ( Fig. 3 ). The new species is distributed in meadows on steep slopes dominated by Kobresia , Bistorta and Saussurea with Anaphalis , Pedicularis cranolopha , P. integrifolia and P. lachnoglossa , outcropping ledge, rivulets and streamlets in ravines, riverside dwarf scrubs, deforested ravine along small streams with Rhododendron , Ribes , and Juniperus , and stony slopes with rock ledge outcrops at elevations of 3650–4200 m a.s.l.