Taxonomy, systematics and biology of the Australian halotolerant wolf spider genus Tetralycosa (Araneae: Lycosidae: Artoriinae) Author Framenau, Volker W. Author Hudson, Peter South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. & Email: Peter. Hudson @ samuseum. sa. gov. au udson@samuseum.sa.gov.au text European Journal of Taxonomy 2017 2017-07-06 335 1 72 journal article 22068 10.5852/ejt.2017.335 f3382433-ea2c-4ec8-b1fe-44320ac0893b 2118-9773 3832422 EFCD2BD0-D70E-4A9B-8EEA-FE86EDC66F57 Key to species of Tetralycosa 1. Carapace profile with a straight, almost horizontal dorsal line in lateral view ( Fig. 6A ); anterior row of eyes as wide or wider than row of posterior median eyes ( Fig. 6B ) ( oraria -group; coastal beaches, riparian zones of salt lakes and salt marshes) ………………………………………………2 – Carapace profile with an elevated cephalic area in lateral view, its dorsal line sloping downwards towards back ( Fig. 15A ); anterior row of eyes narrower than row of posterior median ( alteripa - and eyrei -groups, only known from the playa of salt lakes) ………………………………………………6 2. Carapace and abdomen with distinct colour pattern; light lateral bands on carapace present; abdomen with dark or light spots ( Figs 5A, C ; 10 A, C, E, G ) ………………………………………3 – Carapace and abdomen yellow to light brown, no distinct colour pattern ( Fig. 5E, G, I ) ……………5 3. Carapace with narrow light irregular submarginal bands and dark marginal bands ( Fig. 10A, C ); epigyne oval with truncated anterior edges ( Fig. 11D ); base of embolus exposed ( Fig. 11A ) (samphire zone of salt pans and lakes, southern WA) ………………………………… T. orariola sp. nov. – Carapace with wide, light lateral bands (indistinct in light species) ( Figs 5A, C , 10E, G ); epigyne with anterior rounded edges ( Fig. 6F , 12 D–E); base of embolus hidden behind tegulum ( Figs 6C , 12A ) …4 4. Embolus of similar thickness along its length with long slightly curved and twisted tip ( Fig. 6E ); epigyne oval with distinct median septum ( Fig. 6F ) (coastal beaches and dunes only, southern Australia , incl. Tasmania ) ………………………………………………… T. oraria (L. Koch, 1876 ) – Embolus of male pedipalp broad over most of its length, apically constricted and with short tip ( Fig. 12C ); epigyne with very indistinct median septum ( Figs 12 D–E) (samphire zone of salt pans and lakes, southern WA) ………………………………… T. wundurra ( McKay, 1979 ) comb. nov. 5. Anterior margin of epigyne continuous, anterior tip of median septum pointy ( Fig. 8A ) (male unknown) (only known from type locality in Pilbara region of Western Australia ) … T. caudex sp. nov. – Anterior margin of epigyne divided into two separate hoods, anterior tip of median septum wide ( Fig. 7D ); lower tip of terminal apophysis with a triangle pointing upwards ( Fig. 7C ) (only known from mound springs of the Artesian Basin in SA) …… T. arabanae Framenau, Gotch & Austin, 2006 6. Carapace with light lateral bands, sometimes indistinct and dissolved in separate spots (e.g., Figs 1C , 14A, G ; 18C, E ); venter of abdomen light or with grey central shimmer (e.g., Figs 14B, D, F ; 18D, F, H ); epigyne of variable shape with broad median septum ( Figs 15E , 16D , 19C, 20C), but no round or oval atrium; tegular apophysis with pointy tip that is bent ventrally ( Figs 15 B–C; 16 A–B, 19A–B; 20 A–B) ( alteripa -group) (salt lakes in SA and WA) ………7 – Carapace uniformly dark, venter of abdomen with black patch and light transverse band behind epigastric furrow (rarely absent in very dark specimen) (e.g., Figs 22B, F, H ; 26D, F, H ); epigyne a round or oval atrium with anterior central notch ( Figs 23D , 24D , 27C , 28 D ); tip of tegular apophysis truncated (23A, 24A, 27A, 28A) ( eyrei -group) (salt lakes in SA, NSW and VIC) ………10 7. Femora yellow-brown, without dark pattern or annulations; epigyne with rectangular median septum ( Fig. 15E ); terminal apophysis with apical, laminar triangle ( Fig. 14D ) (SA, WA) ……… …………………………………………………………………………… T. alteripa ( McKay, 1976 ) – Femora dark brown and apically yellow-brown, or yellow-brown with apical dark annulation; epigyne without rectangular median septum; terminal apophysis without apical laminar triangle …8 8. Curved tegular apophysis forms a hook ( Figs 16A , 19A); female epigyne much wider than long ( Fig. 16D ) or with distinct posterior edge (Fig. 19C) ……………………………………………………9 – Tegular apophysis appears as half a disk ( Fig. 20A ); epigyne slightly wider than long without distinct posterior edge ( Fig. 20C )(WA) ……………………………………… T. rebecca sp. nov. 9. Tegular apophysis long and slim (Fig. 19A); epigyne with distinct posterior ridge (Fig. 19C) (WA) ………………………………………………………………………… T. floundersi sp. nov. – Tegular apophysis short and strong ( Fig. 16A ); epigyne much wider than long ( Fig. 16D ) (WA) … ……………………………………………………………………………… T. baudinettei sp. nov. 10. The females of the Tetralycosa eyrei -group are almost impossible to separate reliably based on somatic or genitalic characters and are best identified by accompanying males. Therefore, only a key to males is provided here: – Tegular apophyses apically with distinct broad, ventral edge ( Figs 23A , 24A ) …………………11 – Tegular apophysis apically without ventral edge ( Figs 27A , 28A ) ………………………………12 11. Upper edge of shaft of terminal apophysis bent ventrally ( Fig. 23C ) (SA) … T. adarca sp. nov. – Upper edge of shaft of terminal apophysis straight ( Fig. 24C ) (SA) … T. eyrei ( Hickman, 1944 ) 12. Tegular apophysis in ventral view appearing like a head of a horse ( Fig. 27A ) … T. halophila sp. nov. – Tegular apophysis in ventral view a broad hook with tapered tip ( Fig. 28A ) … T. williamsi sp. nov.