Passiflora splendida and P. quinonesiae, two new species of Passiflora supersection Tacsonia (Passifloraceae) from the Colombian Andes
Author
Morales, Miguel Macgayver Bonilla
Research Group on Orchids, Ecology and Plant Systematics, National University of Colombia at Palmira. & Research Group on Plant Genetic Resources, National University of Colombia at Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Author
Aguirre-Morales, Adriana Carolina
Research Group on Orchids, Ecology and Plant Systematics, National University of Colombia at Palmira. & Research Group on Plant Genetic Resources, National University of Colombia at Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Author
Caetano, Creucí María
Research Group on Plant Genetic Resources, National University of Colombia at Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
text
Phytotaxa
2016
2016-07-22
268
3
181
192
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.268.3.2
journal article
10.11646/phytotaxa.268.3.2
1179-3163
13655372
Passiflora splendida
M. Bonilla, C. Aguirre & C. Caetano
sp. nov.
(
Figs.1
,
2
and
3
).
Type:—
COLOMBIA
.
Cundinamarca
: La Calera-Mundo Nuevo,
2400 m
,
20 December 2008
,
G. Morales, C. Becerra & M.
Medina
3086
(
holotype
JBB!,
isotype
COL!).
Passiflora splendida differs
from
P. cremastantha
in its internodes up to
10 cm
long, linear stipules, petioles up to
1.8 cm
long, lanceovate leaves 6–8.5 ×
2.5–3.3 cm
, flowers
9–11 cm
diam. and perianth with intermediate disposition at anthesis, sepals and petals longer than the tube floral, floral tube
3.2–4.5 cm
long, androecium up to
10 cm
long and fusiform ovary (versus internodes <
10 cm
long, linear-lanceolate stipules, petioles up to
4 cm
long, ovate leaves (5.3–) 8.8 (–15.3) × (3–) 4.5 (–11.5) cm, flowers
5.2–5.4 cm
diam. and perianth with campunalate disposition at anthesis, sepals and petals less than the tube floral, floral tube
4.2–4.6 cm
long, androecium up to
8.2 cm
long and oblong ovary in
P. cremastantha
).
Liana up to
7 m
; internodes
2–10 cm
. Stems terete, densely pubescent with transparent trichomes. Stipules linear, 8–10 ×
1 mm
, glabrous and green. Petiole
1–1.8 cm
long, pubescent, with 4–10 adaxial glands, pubescent. Leaves simple 6.5–8.5 ×
2.5–3.3 cm
, lanceolate-ovate, base truncate, apex acute or acuminate, margin glandular-serrate and revolute. Flowers axillary, solitary, pendant,
9–11 cm
diam., perianth with intermediate disposition at anthesis. Peduncle
20–27 cm
long, pubescent, thin. Pedicel
2 mm
long, glabrous. Bracts 3.7 ×
1.5 cm
, lanceolate, free, cuneate at base, margin entire, green. Floral tube 3.2–4.5 ×
0.8 cm
, green abaxially. Five sepals of 4.8–5 ×
1 cm
, oblong, apex round, sub-apical awn
3–4 mm
, fuchsia. Five petals sub-equal to sepals. Corona reduced to a ring with tuberculiform elements, purple. Androecium
10 cm
long. Ovary 7 ×
2 mm
, fusiform. Fruit elliptic, 5.1–5.4 ×
2 cm
, green.
FIGURE 1
.
Passiflora splendida
M. Bonilla, C. Aguirre & C. Caetano. A, Habit
of plant, leaf and open flower; B, fruit (
G. Morales et al. 3086
, JBB). Illustration: Miguel Bonilla,
Carolina Aguirre & Natalia Briceño.
FIGURE 2.
Passiflora splendida
M. Bonilla, C. Aguirre & C. Caetano. A, Habit
of plant, leaf, and open flower; B, Flower. Photos: Gustavo Morales (G. Morales
et al.
3086, JBB).
FIGURE 3.
Distribution of
P. splendida
M. Bonilla, C. Aguirre & C. Caetano
(triangle).
Distribution and ecology:
—Two individuals have been identified as
Passiflora splendida
. The specimens were collected by
G. Morales et al. (3086
) and by
G. Morales & M.
Medina
(3110
). Both were found only in the Department of
Cundinamarca
, Municipality La Calera, Mundo Nuevo (
Figure 3
). This species was encountered on a farm where they consume their edible fruits. The common name for this species is
Curuba de Monte.
The floral structure and coloration of
P. splendida
according to
Abrahamczyk
et al
. (2014)
allows pollination by short-billed hummingbirds.
Phenology:
—Known to flower in July and December.
Etymology:
—The epithet refers to the splendid flower structure of the perianth and their fuchsia color.
Conservation status:
—The two individuals were found in the same locality, conform to the
IUCN (2016)
criteria B1a (i,ii), B2a (i,ii), C1, and D1 as Critically Endangered (CR). Currently, an
ex situ
conservation program is advancing at the Botanical Garden of
Bogotá
.
Additional specimen examined (
paratype
)
:—
COLOMBIA
.
Cundinamarca
:
La Calera-Mundo Nuevo,
2400 m
,
21 July 2009
,
G. Morales & M.
Medina
3110
(JBB).
Additional specimen examined (related species)
:—
Passiflora cremastantha
.
COLOMBIA
.
Cauca
: Alto de Pesares de Guanacas, between Popayan and Coconuco,
Lehmann 5421
(
lectotype
, designated by Escobar 1988: 36, F 0066798F!,
isolectotypes
GH 00068060!, K 000323347!, NY).
Discussion:
Passiflora splendida
belongs to section
Colombiana
,series
Leptomischae
with seven species, including the new species (
Escobar 1986: 137
,
1988a: 26
,
Ulmer 1999: 196
). Species that belong to series
Leptomischae
have Andean distribution in
Colombia
(western and central Cordillera) and
Ecuador
(
Bonilla 2014
).
Passiflora splendida
is the first record of a species series
Leptomischae
from the eastern Cordillera.
FIGURE 4.
Passiflora splendida
M. Bonilla, C. Aguirre & C. Caetano (Left)
. A, Leaf blade; B, Flower (
G. Morales et al. 3086
, JBB).
Passiflora cremastantha
Harms (Right)
. C, Leaf blade; D, Flower (
Lehmann 5421
, K). Illustration: Miguel Bonilla &
Carolina Aguirre.
Passiflora splendida
is closely related to
P. cremastantha
Harms (1922: 294)
. Morphological differences in the vegetative parts with
P. cremastantha
are internodes up to
10 cm
long, linear stipules, petioles up to
1.8 cm
long, lanceovate leaves 6–8.5 ×
2.5–3.3 cm
[versus internodes <
10 cm
long, linear-lanceolate stipules, petioles up to
4 cm
long, ovate leaves (5.3–) 8.8 (–15.3) × (3–) 4.5 (–11.5) cm]. Main floral differences are shown in
Table 1
and
Figure 4
.
TABLE 1.
Differences among
P. splendida
M. Bonilla, C. Aguirre & C. Caetano
and
P
.
cremastantha
.
Species that belong to the series
Leptomischae
such as
P. tenerifensis
L.K.
Escobar (1988b: 6)
,
P. leptomischa
Harms (1922: 295)
and
P. flexipes
Triana & Planchon (1873: 142)
differs from
P. splendida
by their dimorphic leaves (rarely entire in
P. tenerifensis
), peduncle up to
36 cm
long, pink or magenta perianth and external corona with filiform elements (versus entire leaves, peduncle up to
26 cm
long, fuchsia perianth and external corona without filiform elements).
P. antioquiensis
Karsten (1859: 162)
differs from the new species in having dimorphic leaves, peduncle up to
40 cm
, red perianth and an internal and external corona series up to 3 series with filiform elements (versus entire leaves, peduncle up to
26 cm
long, fuchsia perianth and external corona 1 without filiform elements).