Description of three new species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) and a historical review of tropical Southeast Asian Perlidae Author Cao, Thi Kim Thu Author Ham, Soon Ah Author Bae, Yeon Jae text Zootaxa 2007 1453 41 54 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.176309 669aac2b-1fd2-4b5f-b473-89b187e3babf 1175-5326 176309 Neoperla sungi Cao & Bae sp. nov. ( Figs. 1–6 ) Description. Male body length 8.0 mm; antennae 8.1 mm ; forewings 9.4 mm ; hindwings 8.2 mm . General body color pale yellow with brown to dark brown markings. Head ( Fig. 1 ) pale yellow, interocellar area dark brown. Ocelli two, relatively large, located close to each other, positioned at rear of head, and margined in black. Antennal scape and pedicle pale yellow; flagellum brown. Pronotum with pale yellow background and symmetrical brown rugosities. Wings ( Figs. 2, 3 ) hyaline; veins pale yellow; forewing Rs with 3 branches; forewing C–Sc with 15 crossveins. Hindwing 3A unforked. Tarsi, foretibiae, midtibiae, and proximal part of hindtibiae brown, otherwise pale yellow. Abdominal tergum VII ( Fig. 4 ) with median, triangular expansion on posterior surface; expansion in lateral view truncate, with spinules along margin; tergum VIII weakly sclerotized, medially with several anteriomedial spinules; tergum IX with median depression, with small spinules and minute hairs along anterior margin. Anterior processes of hemiterga ( Fig. 4 ) straight, relatively long, nearly extending over tergum IX. Sterna unmodified. Aedeagus tube ( Figs. 5, 6 ) length ca. 1.5 mm (ca. 5x width), mostly membranous proximally, but becoming more sclerotized midway and to distal surface, armed with 3 major groups of spinules. In lateral view ( Fig. 5 ), bulb weakly sclerotized, with group of tiny dome–like spinules. In ventral view ( Fig. 6 ), bulb slightly expanded, tube with group of tiny conical spinules in distal half. Inner sac (not everted) as long as aedeagus tube, sac covered with pushpin–like spinules on its basal 2/3. Cerci simple, pale yellow. Female. Unknown. Nymph. Unknown. Egg. Unknown. Type Material. Holotype : ɗ (SWU–PLE–28, aedeagus dissected), Vietnam , Vinh Phuc Prov., Tam Dao NP, alt. 900 m at waterfall below village, 10.x.1998 , Yeon Jae Bae [SWU–AIC]. Paratypes : 2 ɗ (SWU–PLE– 30, ɗ aedeagus dissected), Vietnam , Lam Dong Prov., Bao Loc Pass, Da Mre, alt. 290 m , 23.iii.2002 , DHH & VVN [SWU–AIC]. Other Material. 2 ɗ (SWU–PLE–29), Da Nang Prov., Ba Na–Nui Chua, Tuy Loan, 31.iii.2002 , DHH & VVN [SWU–AIC]. Etymology . This species is named after the late Prof. Dr. Cao Van Sung of the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources in Hanoi who pioneered ecological and conservational studies in Vietnam . Diagnosis. On account of general spinules on male abdominal tergum VIII, arranged in a single band, Neoperla sungi sp. nov. can be assigned to the aeripennis – subgroup of the clymene– group, which is endemic to the Oriental region. The male adult of N. sungi is similar to that of N. saraburi Zwick (in Zwick 1988 ) of Thailand in general body shape, but N. sungi lacks spinule patches on the lateral part of the abdominal tergum VIII ( Fig. 4 ). The external setation of the aedeagus in N. sungi ( Figs. 5, 6 ) is unique among known species of Neoperla and it distinguishes this species from its congeners. Habitat and biology. Adults of N. sungi were found alongside small mountain streams (alt. 290–900 m ) in northern and central Vietnam . The streams were approximately 4 m wide, 10–20 cm deep, and canopied with typical regional flora, including dipterocarp and bamboo; the substrate consisted of boulder (65%), cob-