Two new species of Bebearia Hemming, 1960, as further evidence of centre of endemism of butterflies in Western Nigeria (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitinae)
Author
Sáfián, Szabolcs
Author
Pyrcz, Tomasz
Author
Brattström, Oskar
text
Zootaxa
2016
4175
5
449
462
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.4175.5.3
e1ca0b14-99a0-4176-a8f0-430cba3c4a99
1175-5326
263137
975F0772-9864-49F4-B99A-0826E480E584
B. tentyris
,
B. osyris
and
B. oshogbo
sp. nov.
According to
Hecq (2000)
the
B. tentyris
-group consists of three sub-groups and following the taxonomic updates by
Larsen (2005)
the
tentyris
sub-group comprises seven species. Beside
B. tentyris
,
B. subtentyris
(Strand)
and
B. lucayensis
Hecq
, the recently recognised
B. osyris
(=
winifredae
Fox), the newly described
B. dallastai
Hecq
, as well as
B. seeldrayersi
(Aurivillius)
, and the more distant
B. carshena
(Hewitson)
are all considered to be members of the sub-group. The grouping is based on the wing morphology, particularly the upperside pattern
—
partially or totally overlaid by a metallic sheen of purplish-bluish colour
—
and the rather uniform underside with a distinctive rectangular costal spot.
B. tentyris
is a
Guineo-Congolian forest
species that is known to occur from
Eastern
Ivory
Coast
to
Gabon
and
Congo
.
The species is usually very common in various
types
of forests and it can survive severe habitat degradation (
Larsen
2005, the authors pers. obs.
). In
Ghana
it even occurs in isolated, often degraded forest patches, where no other smaller
Bebearia
species are found (
Bossart
et al.
2006
).
It
is replaced entirely by
B. osyris
in the
Liberian
sub-region, with an overlap in
western Ghana
where
B. osyris
is most common in the southwestern wet evergreen forests (e.g.
Ankasa National Park
).
However
, according to
Larsen
(2005)
, scattered records are also known from
Bia
and Kakum National Parks. Although
Larsen (2005)
was certain about the validity of
B. dallastai
, no specimens carrying clear characters of the species were found by the authors.
Therefore
all examined specimens with a darker bluish sheen collected in
Ivory Coast, Liberia
and
Sierra Leone
are discussed as
B. osyris
in this paper.
An
interesting, morphologically similar species was discovered in
Oshogbo
Forest
(
western Nigeria
), where
B. tentyris
was never recorded, despite its presence in other forest areas in western and
Southern
Nigeria (
Larsen
2005
;
Sáfián
&
Warren
2010).
It
certainly represents an undescribed species, because little variation in the greenish tone of the iridescent sheen can be seen in a series of individual males, in this way the new species differs from both
B. tentyris
and
B. osyris
, the only similar species in the region.