Dissocladella? Chahtorshiana Rashidi & Schlagintweit N. Sp., A New Dasycladale (Green Algae) From The Paleocene Of Iran
Author
SCHLAGINTWEIT, FELIX
Lerchenauerstr. 167, 80935 Munich, Germany
felix.schlagintweit@gmx.de
Author
RASHIDI, KOOROSH
Department of Geology, Yazd University, 89195 - 741 Yazd, Iran
kooroshrashidi@yazd.ac.ir
Author
YARAHMADZAHI, HAMED
Department of Geology, Earth Sciences Research Center, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad, University Zahedan, Iran
hamed.yarahmadzahi@iauzah.ac.ir
Author
HABIBIMOOD, SHARAM
Department of Geology, Earth Sciences Research Center, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad, University Zahedan, Iran
Author
AMIRSHAHKARMI, MAHNAZ
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395 - 3697, Tehran, Iran
Author
AHMADI, HOSSAIN
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395 - 3697, Tehran, Iran
Author
KHOKAN, HOSSAIN
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395 - 3697, Tehran, Iran
text
Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae
2019
2019-07-08
15
2
3
13
http://dx.doi.org/10.35463/j.apr.2019.02.01
journal article
10.35463/j.apr.2019.02.01
1842-371x
10520652
Dissocladella
?
chahtorshiana
n. sp.
Figs. 5A–D
pars, 6–8
Origin of the name:
The name refers to the type-locality Mount Chah Torsh, Central
Iran
(
Figs. 1–3
).
Holotype
:
Oblique section shown in
Figure 8C
, thin-section
CT 4
.
Horizon and locality:
Selandian carbonates from Mount Chah Torsh, lithostratigraphically not defined (= no formation name assigned).
Description:
A
medium-sized, well calcified Dasycladale with a cylindrical to slightly clavate thallus (
Fig. 7A–B
,
Fig. 8D
). The large main axis of roughly two third of diameter is bordered by a rather smooth surface except common widenings of the proximal part of the laterals, assumed of secondary origin (
Fig. 6A, F
) (compare Pl. 1,
Fig.
3 in
Radoičic et al., 2005
). The primariy laterals are numerous and regularly alternating between consecutive verticils. In shallow tangential sections they are close-set and of round outline (
Fig. 7A–B
, lower part). In deep tangential sections they appear of triangular outline (with rounded edges) (
Fig. 7B
, middle part). The primaries are usually arranged perpendicular to the axis in cylindrical morphologies (
Fig. 7B
); in slightly claviform morphologies they are slightly inclined upwards (
Fig. 8D
). The shape of the primaries is variable: slightly widening outwards and without detectable secondaries (
Fig. 6A–B
) or with a distinct swelling (club-shaped morphology) and secondaries (
Fig. 6E–F
). Sometimes the swollen part of the primaries are almost touching (or do so) with neighbouring ones. The different morphologies might refer to different parts of the thallus (sterile? fertile?). In transverse or longitudinal sections, two secondaries distinctly shorter than the primaries and widening distally are detectable (
Fig. 7C–D, E–G
). The exact number of secondaries per primary however lateral is unknown. Often they appear as a united micritic diverging masse upon the distal surface of the primaries (
Fig. 7C, E, G
).
Comparisons:
From the Paleogene, the following species of
Dissocladella
have been described (data from
Barattolo, 2002
):
D. deserta
Elliott
(Selandian-Ypresian):
D. deserta
from the Paleocene of
Iraq
, and lower Eocene of
Egypt
(
Elliott, 1968
) is a very small species (D =
0.39-0.47 mm
), and about twelve primaries.
D. gracilis
Radoičić
(Thanetian of
Slovenia
,
Radoičić, 1991
): as name already implies, it represents a very small alga (D:
0.16-0.290 mm
, max.
0.368 mm
) with four primaries.
D. longjangensis
Mu & Wang
(Lutetian of
China
,
Mu and Wang, 1985
): medium-sized species (D up to
0.65 mm
, see
Kuss and Herbig, 1993
, Paleogene of
Egypt
), and a main axis occupying about half the diameter (d/D 0.50-0.55).
D. lunata
Segonzac
(
Thanetian
of
France
,
Segonzac, 1979
): small sized species (D:
0.282
-0.415
mm
) with four to six primaries.
D. savitriae
Pia
(Danian-Thanetian): large-sized and annulated representative of the genus (D: 1.5-2.0 mm) with more than 40 primaries per verticil (
Rao and Pia, 1936
).
D. turnsekae
Radoičić
(Danian-Selandian of
Slovenia
,
Radoičić, 1998
): it represents a very small species (D =
0.24-0.35 mm
) with about eight primaries aligned vertically between successive whorls.
We may also note some resemblances of the lateral morphology with the poorly known
Jodotella volpensis
described by
Segonzac (1976)
with two sections from the Thanetian of
France
. The transverse section shown in plate 3, fig. 1, shows primaries that are widened proximally, displaying distinct swelling in the middle part, and two secondaries. This alga is distinctly smaller, displays a much lower d/D ratio (about 0.38), a reduced number of laterals (w = 16).
Jodotella
is different by its fertile ampullae set in clusters laterally to the primaries (
Deloffre and Génot, 1982
).
Fig. 5
Typical microfacies of samples with
Dissocladella
?
chahtorshiana
n. sp. (
D
), from the Paleocene of the Kuh-e- Chah Torsh (
a–c
) and Kuh-e-Patorgi (
d-e
) sections.
a–b
Bioclastic packstone with dasycladalean (e.g.,
Acroporella
?
anceps
Segonzac,
A
), halimedacean (ha) algae, gastropods, and porcelaneous benthic foraminifera (e.g., soritoidids).
c
Bioclastic packstone with dasycladalean algae (e.g.,
Clypeina elliotti
Beckmann & Beckmann,
Cl
).
d
Bioclastic packstone with dasycladaleans (e.g.,
Rostroporella oviformis
Segonzac,
R
). Thin-sections: Ah 185 (
a–b
), CT 4 (
c
), 2pz29 (
d
).
e
Weathered rock surface with thallus fragments of
Dissocladella
?
chahtorshiana
n. sp. The maximum observed length amounts for ~ 17.5 mm (arrow). Kuh-e-Patorgi area.
Fig. 6
Dissocladella
?
chahtorshiana
n. sp. from Selandian carbonates of Kuh-e-Chah Torsh, Central Iran.
a–f,
transverse sections, partly slightly oblique. Note the different morphologies of the primaries, only slightly widening (
a–b
), or clubshaped (
e–f
). Secondary laterals partly visible in
c
,
e
, and
f
.
g
, oblique section. Thin-sections: Ah 185 (a, c-d), CT 4 (b, e-g).
Dimensions (in mm):
The main biometric parameters are compiled in
Table 1
. The maximum observed length of a thallus fragment is about
17.5 mm
(
Fig. 5E
).
Palaeoenvironment:
Dissocladella
?
chahtorshiana
occurs in bioclastic packstones with various dasycladalean algae (e.g.,
Clypeina
,
Cymopolia
), among some rather large taxa such as
Rostroporella oviformis
Segonzac
(
Fig. 5D
), halimedacean algae (
Fig. 5A–B
) gastropods, benthic foraminifera, and rare fragments of corals. The association generally points to an open marine, outer platform environment of moderate water energy.
A
similar association including
Rostroporella
,
Clypeina
,
Cymopolia
div. sp., has been reported by
Deloffre and Radoičić (1978
, p. 63) from the Paleocene of
Slovenia
and designated as "reefal environment".