Description, redescription and revision of sixteen putatively closely related species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida), with the proposition of a new species group - the Echinoderes dujardinii group Author Sørensen, Martin V. 4143D650-12FC-4914-93F5-2C39339A7156 Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea. Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India. Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Department of Aquaculture, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Silifke Vocational School Aquaculture Program, Mersin University, 33940 Mersin, Turkey. Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819 - 0395, Japan. mvsorensen@snm.ku.dk Author Goetz, Freya E. 5849A537-F762-4B25-9493-E8B32690C49D Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. GoetzF@si.edu Author Herranz, María 2A7DE5DC-FF82-49CC-9DD4-CC0AFA1B281B Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea. Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India. Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Department of Aquaculture, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Silifke Vocational School Aquaculture Program, Mersin University, 33940 Mersin, Turkey. Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819 - 0395, Japan. maria.herranz@bio.ku.dk Author Chang, Cheon Young 497A5735-AA95-498A-A1B8-58180C2ACA33 Department of Biological Science, College of Natural and Life Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea cychang@daegu.ac.kr Author Chatterjee, Tapas F35C0625-55F6-4307-A7BE-93416BE6F0D7 Crescent International School, Bario, Govindpur, Dhanbad 828109, Jharkhand, India. drtchatterjee@gmail.com Author Durucan, Furkan 62189A90-E675-49B1-BE3C-F4657CA40EE4 Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Department of Aquaculture, 32260 Isparta, Turkey. f_durucan@hotmail.com Author Neves, Ricardo C. C2B164FF-E8D8-468E-A07E-C39E1C71E65E Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK- 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ricardon.6@gmail.com Author Yildiz, N. Özlem CE2E097A-4499-498C-980E-F21A4156F76E Silifke Vocational School Aquaculture Program, Mersin University, 33940 Mersin, Turkey. nozlemkoroglu@gmail.com Author Norenburg, Jon B8710D9A-1549-4E17-AF4F-6B598744C02E Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20560, USA. NORENBUR@si.edu Author Yamasaki, Hiroshi Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819 - 0395, Japan. text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-12-30 730 1 101 journal article 9069 10.5852/ejt.2020.730.1197 d640faf0-b3db-4fad-baaf-9eeaef7350e4 4418973 857A9432-9083-46B3-B0BF-B34D619EB350 Echinoderes lanceolatus Chang & Song, 2002 Fig. 18 Material examined Holotype REPUBLIC OF KOREA • ♀ ; Jeju Island , Boemseom Islet ; 33°11′53″ N , 126°30′58″ E ; 25 m b.s.l. ; 3 Mar. 2000 ; J. Lee and Y.H. Song leg.; muddy sand; EWNHM60268 . Specimen mounted for LM. Additional material Additional examined material included all specimens listed as “additional material examined” in Chang & Song (2002: 206) . This material was collected from other islands in the Korean East Sea, along the south coast of the Korean Peninsula, and around Jeju Island (see further details in Table 1 and below under description of Echinoderes songae Sørensen & Chang sp. nov. ). Morphological notes on female holotype Specimen with slender middorsal spines on segments 4 to 8, and lateroventral spines on segments 6 to 9; middorsal spine on segment 6 reaches posterior segment margin, whereas middorsal spines on segments 7 and 8 reach well beyond their respective posterior margins ( Fig. 18B ). Tubes present in ventrolateral positions on segment 2 ( Fig. 18D ) and lateroventral positions on 5, and in midlateral positions on 10. An incomplete midventral, intracuticular fissure is present on anterior half of segment 2 ( Fig. 18D ). Complete overview of glandular cell outlets type 1 distribution could not be obtained, but we see indications of paradorsal outlets on segment 6. Glandular cell outlets type 2 are not present on any segment ( Fig. 18E ). Female lateral terminal accessory spines are short, with stout bases. Female papillae were difficult to examine, but indications of ventrolateral papillae with a tubular substructure were observed on segment 7 ( Fig. 18C ). All characters that could be observed fit the emended diagnosis of E. aureus , which suggest that E. lanceolatus is a junior synonym of this species. Morphological notes on additional material All examined paratypes and non-types supposed to represent the morphology of E. lanceolatus were similar, but differed from the holotype of E. lanceolatus . The specimens have short middorsal spines on segments 4 to 8, and lateroventral spines on segments 6 to 9; middorsal spines never reach the pectinate fringes of the posterior margins of their segments – not even middorsal spines on more posterior segments. Tubes are present in lateroventral positions on segments 2 and 5, and in laterodorsal positions on 10. Minute glandular cell outlets type 2 are present in laterodorsal positions on segments 8, but lacking on segment 9. Tergal extensions of segment 11 are short, pointed and well-spaced, whereas sternal extensions are short and triangular, but not as pointed as the tergal ones. Seta-like, ventrolateral tufts of extended fringe tips project from the sternal extensions. Females have slender lateral terminal accessory spines, and female papillae with tubular intracuticular substructure in ventrolateral positions on segments 7 and in ventromedial positions on segment 8. These traits suggest that the specimens are not conspecific with the holotype of E. lanceolatus , but represent a new species (see following description of E. songae Sørensen & Chang sp. nov. ).