Platystele peruviana sp nov. (Orchidaceae), the smallest orchid from Peru Author Rizo Patrón, Federico L. 0000-0002-2261-1078 Centro Neotropical de Entrenamiento en Humedales - Perú, Carretera San Alberto km 5.5, Oxapampa 15302, Perú. & feluse 30 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2261 - 1078 feluse30@gmail.com text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-09-14 564 1 113 120 journal article 142524 10.11646/phytotaxa.564.1.9 b560a57f-1f14-44b3-a268-87197794f34a 1179-3163 7077917 Identification key for Peruvian species of Platystele . 1 Inflorescence simultaneously flowered, 3 or more flowers open simultaneously..............................................................................2 1´Inflorescence successively flowered, 1 or sometimes 2, rarely 3 flowers open simultaneously........................................................6 2 Inflorescence shorter than the leaf............................................................................................................................... P. stenostachya 2´Inflorescence as long as or longer than leaf .......................................................................................................................................3 3 Inflorescence more or less simultaneously flowered..........................................................................................................................4 3´Inflorescence successively flowered ..................................................................................................................................................5 4 Lip acute or acuminate ................................................................................................................................................... P. lancilabris 4´Lip subacute to obtuse................................................................................................................................................ P. Schmidchenii 5 Leaves ovoid, semiterete; lip acuminate ................................................................................................................................ P. rauhii 5´Leaves neither ovoid or semiterete; lip narrowly rounded.................................................................................................... P. misera 6 Inflorescence considerably longer than the leaf .................................................................................................................................7 6´Inflorescence shorter to a little longer than the leaf ...........................................................................................................................9 7 Lip ovate with the apex acute and acuminate.....................................................................................................................................8 7´Lip ovate with the apex acute, not acuminate .................................................................................................................. P. oxyglossa 8 Lip ovate, contracted near the middle into a sublate apex ..................................................................................... P. examen-culicum 8´Lip narrowly ovate, acuminate, acute................................................................................................................................. P. aculeata 9 Lateral sepals subfalcate, parallel..................................................................................................................................... P. peruviana 9´Lateral sepals strait, oblique .............................................................................................................................................................10 10 Sepals and petals minute ciliate; lip glabrous....................................................................................................................... P. pisifera 10´Sepals, petals and lip cellular-ciliate and cellular-pubescent .................................................................................................... P. psix Clave de identificación para especies peruanas de Platystele . 1 Inflorescencia con flores simultaneas, 3 o más flores simultaneas ....................................................................................................2 1´Inflorescencia con flores sucesivas, 1 o a veces.................................................................................................................................2 raramente 3 flores abiertas al mismo tiempo......................................................................................................................................6 2 Inflorescencia más corta que la hoja ........................................................................................................................... P. stenostachya 2´Inflorescencia tan o más larga que la hoja..........................................................................................................................................3 3 Inflorescencia con flores más o menos simultáneas...........................................................................................................................4 3´Inflorescencia con flores sucesivas ....................................................................................................................................................5 4 Labelo agudo .................................................................................................................................................................. P. lancilabris 4´Labelo subagudo a obtuso .......................................................................................................................................... P. Schmidchenii 5 Hojas ovoides, semiterete; labelo acuminado ........................................................................................................................ P. rauhii 5´Hojas nunca ovoides o semiterete; labelo con ápice redondeado.......................................................................................... P. misera 6 Inflorescencia considerablemente más larga que las hojas ................................................................................................................7 6´Inflorescencia más corta o un poco más larga que las hojas ..............................................................................................................9 7 Labelo ovado con el ápice agudo acuminado.....................................................................................................................................8 7´Labelo ovado con el ápice agudo no acuminado.............................................................................................................. P. oxyglossa 8 Labelo ovado, adelgazado cerca del centro hacia un ápice delgado ...................................................................... P. examen-culicum 8´Labelo delgadamente ovado, acuminado, agudo................................................................................................................ P. aculeata 9 Sépalos laterales falcados, paralelos................................................................................................................................. P. peruviana 9´Sépalos laterales rectos, oblicuos .....................................................................................................................................................10 10 Sépalos y pétalos con cilios diminutos; labelo glabro.......................................................................................................... P. pisifera 10´Sépalos, pétalos y labelo con Pubescencia celular .................................................................................................................... P. psix