Reclassification of the Sack-bearer Moths (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae)
Author
Laurent, Ryan A. St
Author
Kawahara, Akito Y.
text
ZooKeys
2019
815
1
114
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.815.27335
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.815.27335
1313-2970-815-1
9458FA1D06B74DCD9C53182CD8CE6F7D
Cicinnus Blanchard, 1852
Figs 36, 71, 153, 154, 167-168, 169-171; Suppl. material 3: Plate 4
Type
species.
Cicinnus orthane
Blanchard, 1852.
Diagnosis.
See below in the checklist for specific information pertaining to different species-groups within
Cicinnus
, but in general
Cicinnus
can be recognized by their falcate forewings, moderate to relatively large size compared to most other
Mimallonidae
genera. Small, B-shaped hyaline patches, when present, are found on all four wings or forewings only. Species without hyaline patches are usually heavily marked with irregular blotches and speckles.
Apomorphies.
These apomorphies refer to those of
Cicinnus
sensu stricto in
St Laurent et al. (2018c)
and do not apply to
Cicinnus
s. l.: (1) Vincular arms may (e.g.,
C. melsheimeri
(Harris) or may not (e.g.,
C. orthane
Blanchard) be present; (2) Valvae mostly membranous, mesally more well-sclerotized, often with distinct
"clasper"
(Fig. 36a).
Remarks.
Annotations following the checklist are provided for each group of
Cicinnus
as we currently define them:
Cicinnus
s. s. (
Cicinnus
Group 1) and
Cicinnus
s. l. (which includes
Cicinnus
s. l. Groups 2, 3, and some species of uncertain placement). The annotations include diagnostic characters which can be treated as apomorphic of these preliminary groupings of similar species, and may eventually be used to define formal genera (e.g., the available name
Gonogramma
Boisduval, see Annotation 98, may eventually be resurrected to include the species treated here as
Cicinnus
s. l.). The morphological phylogenetic analyses do not fully resolve the relationships of species within
Cicinnus
, with relatively low support values for the various groups within the genus. However,
Cicinnus
s. l. is consistently recovered within a broader
Cicinnini
clade, thus tribal placement of the included species is not in question. Additional molecular sampling of
Cicinnus
and related genera in order to better define the clades within
Cicinnus
s. l. will be a focus of our future molecular work.