A revision of Antarctic and some Indo-Pacific apodid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)
Author
O’Loughlin, P. Mark
Author
VandenSpiegel, Didier
text
Memoirs of Museum Victoria
2010
2010-12-31
67
61
95
https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-67-2010/pages-61-95/
journal article
10.24199/j.mmv.2010.67.06
1447-2554
12212210
5A8C650E-A34A-4072-A797-0A75D218DD7C
Prototrochus barnesi
sp. nov.
Figure 6
; table 2
Material examined.
Holotype
.
Antarctica
,
Scotia Sea
,
Shag Rocks
,
53.63°S
40.91°W
,
206 m
,
BAS
stn SR–EBS–4,
11 Apr 2006
,
NMV
F168637
.
Paratypes
. Type locality and date,
NHM 2010.54
(1)
;
RBINS
IG 31
459 (1, SEM).
Diagnosis.
Myriotrochid species up to
3 mm
long; 10 peltato-digitate tentacles, 7 digits per tentacle, including a distal terminal one; tentacle rods present, straight and curved, some with central swelling, some with swollen end, 40–170
µ
m long; sparse myriotrochid wheels in body wall, slightly scalloped margin at each tooth; wheel ossicle diameters 72–104
µ
m, spokes 13–15, teeth 22–27, spokes/teeth % 50–59, hub diameters 19–26
µ
m, hub diameter/wheel diameter % 25–38, teeth length/wheel diameter % 12–20.
Colour (preserved).
Off-white.
Distribution
. Western
Antarctica
, Scotia Sea, Shag Rocks,
206 m
.
Etymology.
Named for David Barnes (British Antarctic Survey), in appreciation of his role in the BAS BIOPEARL expeditions and the collection of specimens studied here.
Figure 6.
Prototrochus barnesi
sp. nov.
(Shag Rocks; RBINS IG 31 459). a, SEM of plates of the calcareous ring with prominent single anterior projections; b, SEM of wheels from the body wall; c, SEM of rods from tentacles.
Remarks.
Belyaev and Mironov (1982)
referred 12 species to their new genus
Prototrochus
.
O’Loughlin and VandenSpiegel (2007)
added three new
Prototrochus
species
from the continental slope of
Australia
, all lacking tentacle ossicles. The only
Prototrochus
species
recorded from
Antarctica
is
Prototrochus bipartitodentatus
(
Belyaev and Mironov, 1978
)
from the South Sandwich Trench at
7700–8100 m
. This species lacks tentacle rods and has external teeth around the rim of the wheels.
Prototrochus barnesi
sp. nov.
has wheels with internal teeth only, and has tentacle rods, a rare character for
Prototrochus
species.
The only other
Prototrochus
species
with tentacle rods is the similarly small
Prototrochus minutus
(
Östergren, 1905
)
, described from the coast of
Korea
at
60–65 m
depth. Three diagnostic characters distinguish
Prototrochus minutus
from
Prototrochus barnesi
: sometimes distally and centrally branched tentacle rods; longer tentacle rods (mostly 140–200
µ
m long); significantly larger wheels (mostly 100– 150
µ
m diameter).