Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Neotropical region, with description of eleven new species Author Triapitsyn, Serguei V. Author Huber, John T. Author Logarzo, Guillermo A. Author Berezovskiy, Vladimir V. Author Aquino, Daniel A. text Zootaxa 2010 2010-05-14 2456 1 243 journal article 32054 10.5281/zenodo.894928 77799ae7-9459-43e9-af68-c88aa98852a5 1175-5326 894928 Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) inauditus ( Ogloblin, 1936 ) ( Figs 346–352 ) Lymaenon inauditus Ogloblin 1936 : 36 –38 + plates (láminas) I–III (illustrations). Type locality: Loreto, Misiones, Argentina. Gonatocerus ( Gonatocerus ) inauditus (Ogloblin) : De Santis 1967: 104 (catalog). Gonatocerus inauditus (Ogloblin) : De Santis 1981 : 32 (catalog, record from Brazil ); Yoshimoto 1990 : 40 (list); Luft Albarracin et al. 2009 : 9 (list; distribution in Argentina ). Lymaenon inauditus Ogloblin : Loiácono et al. 2005 : 14 ( type information, invalid paratype designations). Type material examined. Lectotype female [MLPA], here designated to avoid the existing confusion about the status of the type specimens of this species, on slide labeled: 1. “ Gonatocerus setosus [emn, co later ip] inauditu [al ip, with the ending illegible] A. O ♀ Loreto, Misiones 7.iii.1933 . A. O Typus! Ant [ip]”; 2. ‘3857”; 3. A red circle. The lectotype, although insufficiently cleared, is in good condition except the right fore- and hind wings are broken at the submarginal vein and the clava of one antenna is detached, is well spread out and mounted dorsoventrally. Paralectotypes [all MLPA]: 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus AO 36 [species name al ip] setosus [emn, co later ip] A. O. ♀ Loreto, Mision 15.i.1932 . A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus [species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A. O. ♀ 28.xii.1931 . A. O. Loreto, Misiones”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus 36 [species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A. O. ♀ 20.i.1932 . A O. Loreto, Misiones”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 25.i.1932 A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus . ♀ 14.i.1932 . A. O. Loreto, Misiones”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♀ Loreto, Mision 10.i.1932 . A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♀ Loreto, Mis 25.i.1932 A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 7.iii.1934 .”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus [co later ip] inauditus [al ip] A. O. ♀ Loreto, Mis 12.i.1932 ”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♀ Loreto, Mision. 10.i.1932 . A. O.”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus [species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A O. ♀ Loreto, Misione 12.x.1933 ”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus inauditus [species name al ip] A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 12.iii.1934 ”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus [species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A. O. ♀ Loreto, Misiones 18.iii.1933 A. A. O. Fig [iR]”; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus [species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A. O ♀ Loreto, Misiones 7.iii.1934 . A O Graminae en yerbal.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inaditus 1936 [sic, species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A. O. ♂ Loreto, Misiones 4.v.1933 . A. O. Fig. [iR] Ant [al ip]”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♂ Loreto, Misiones 1.v.1933 . A. O. Pasta Jesuita.”; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus setosus A. O. ♂ Loreto, Misiones 3.vi.1933 .”; 1 ♂ [MLPA] on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus inauditus [species name al ip] setosus [co later ip] A. O. [ip] ♂ 15.i.1932 . A. O. Loreto Misiones.”. One male [ MLPA No . 1509/3] and one female [ MLPA No . 1509/4], both on slides and collected by A.A. Ogloblin in Loreto , Misiones (male on 21.xi.1931 and female on 22.i.1932 ), were invalidly designated as paratypes by Loiácono et al. (2005) . We could not locate these two specimens in MLPA , so we assume that their collection dates were listed incorrectly. This species was described from a syntype series of 18 females and 5 males , all collected in Loreto , Misiones , of which we examined 16 females and 5 males . The whereabouts of the two remaining paralectotype females are unknown. We do not consider one male in MLPA , on a slide labeled as “ Gonatocerus ? inauditus [species name ip] ♂ Loreto , Misiones 5.ii.1934 A. A. O.” to be part of the type series because there are 5 definite male syntypes of this species, and also because Ogloblin himself doubted its identity: this specimen has an unusually pronounced dark band behind the stigmal vein on the forewing disc. Material examined. ARGENTINA . BUENOS AIRES : Bella Vista, A.A . Ogloblin : 4.i.1954 [ 1 ♀ , MLPA ] ; 7.iii.1959 [1 ♂, MLPA]. Canal San Fernando, A.A. Ogloblin: 20.x.1946 [1 ♂, MLPA]; xi.1946 [1 ♀, MLPA]; 3.iii.1947 [1 ♂, MLPA]; 12.iii.1947 [3 ♂, MLPA]; 16.iii.1947 [1 ♀, MLPA]; iii.1947 [3 ♂, MLPA]; x.1947 [1 ♂, MLPA]; no date [ 1 ♂ , MLPA ]. Ingeniero Otamendi , 34°13’17.7’’S 58°53’46.2’’W , 6 m , 23.i.2003 , S . V. Triapitsyn , M.C. Hernández [ 3 ♀ , UCRC ]. Near Ingeniero Otamendi , Río Paraná de las Palmas bank, 34°10’52.7’’S 58°52’12.8’’W , 6 m , 23.i.2003 , S .V. Triapitsyn, M.C. Hernández [1 ♀, UCRC]. José C. Paz, A.A. Ogloblin: 24.ii.1939 ( on Cynodon dactylon ) [1 ♀, 1 ♂, MLPA]; iv.1939 [1 ♂, MLPA]. La Plata, vii.1932 , J.A. Rosas Costa [1 ♀, MLPA]. Luján , Universidad Nacional de Luján , 34°35'07"S 59°04'45"W , 32 m , C. Coviella : 17.iii.2005 [ 1 ♀ , UCRC ] ; 1.xii.2006 [3 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC]. Moreno, 34°08’57’’S 58°46’57’’W, C. Coviella: 31.i.2005 [1 ♀, UCRC]; 9.iii.2005 [2 ♀, UCRC]; 23.iii.2005 [4 ♀, UCRC]; 9.iv.2005 [3 ♀, UCRC]; 17.iv.2005 [1 ♀, UCRC]. Tigre: iv.1942 , A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♂, MLPA]; 21.ii.1945 , A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♂, MLPA]; 21.iv.1945 , A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♂, MLPA]; iii.1947 , A.A. Ogloblin [3 ♂, MLPA]; 34°23’50’’S 58°34’32’’W, 5 m , G.A. Logarzo: 23–28.xi.2005 [1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]; 27.xii.2005 – 3.i.2006 [3 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]; 3–10.i.2006 [4 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]; 1–14.iv.2006 [1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. CÓRDOBA , near Tanti , 31°20’47.1’’S 64°32’03.4’’W , 727 m , 17.xii.2007 – 10.i.2008 , G.A. Logarzo [1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. ENTRE RÍOS , Parque Nacional El Palmar , Arroyo Los Loros, 31°51’46.5’’S 58°13’45.9’’W , 15 m , 14-15.ii.2009 , S . V. Triapitsyn , D.A. Aquino , A.V. Ossipov [ 1 ♀ , UCRC ]. FORMOSA : Estancia Guaycolec ( 25 km N of Formosa ), 25°59’S 58°12’W , 185 m : 17–20.xii.1998 , S .L. Heydon [1 ♀, UCDC]; 14.ii.1999 , E. Fernández-Duque [1 ♀, UCDC]. 25.60°S 59.21°W, 119 m , 25.iii.2003 , J. Munro [1 ♂, UCRC]. 26.27°S 58.27°W, 60 m , 26.iii.2003 , J. Munro [3 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. 26.39°S 58.34°W, 58 m , 26.iii.2003 , J. Munro [1 ♀, UCRC]. JUJUY , Caimancito , 23.67°S 64.57°W , 423 m , 22.iii.2003 , J . Munro [ 6 ♀ , 1 ♂ , UCRC ]. MISIONES . Loreto: 27.xi.1936 , A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♀, 1 ♂, MLPA]; Ruinas Jesuíticas , 27.33°S , 55.52°W , 179 m , 27.iii.2003 , J . Munro [1 ♂, UCRC]; 27°20’09.0’’S 55°31’36.1’’W, 171 m , 16.ii.2009 , D. A. Aquino , A.V. Ossipov , S.V. Triapitsyn [ 2 ♀ , 1 ♂ , UCRC ]. S of San Ignacio, Municipal Camping at Río Yabebiry , 27°17’39.0’’S 55°32’12.8’’W , 82 m , 17.ii.2009 , D . A. Aquino , A.V. Ossipov , S.V. Triapitsyn [ 1 ♀ , UCRC ]. Santa Ana , 27.34°S 55.53°W , 77 m , 27.iii.2003 , J . Munro [1 ♂, UCRC]. 28.65°S 55.56°W, 200 m , 28.iii.2003 , J. Munro [1 ♀, UCRC]. SALTA : Aguas Blancas , 22.72°S 64.40°W , 447 m , 23.iii.2003 , J . Munro [ 1 ♀ , 7 ♂ , UCRC ]. Carapari , 28.v.1948 , A.A. FIGURES 346–349. Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) inauditus ♀ (lectotype): 346, body; 347, antenna; 348, foreleg; 349, wings. Ogloblin [ 1 ♂ , MLPA ] . Río de las Piedras , 30.iv.1951 , A.A. Ogloblin [ 2 ♂ , MLPA ] . Rosario de la Frontera : 29.xi.1999 , L. Williams , III, G.A. Logarzo (sweeping Sida rhombifolia ) [ 1 ♀ , CNCI ] ; 25.83°S 64.88°W, 745 m , 20.iii.2003 , J. Munro [1 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]; 25.85°S 64.82°W, 721 m , 20.iii.2003 , J. Munro [1 ♂, UCRC]. URUGUAY . SALTO , Termas de Arapey , 30°56’S 57°32’W , 220 m , 12–28.xii.2002 , S. Peck [ 2 ♀ , CNCI ] . FIGURES 350–352. Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) inauditus ♂ (Aguas Blancas, Salta, Argentina): 350, antenna; 351, forewing; 352, genitalia. Redescription. FEMALE ( lectotype , paralectotypes , and non-type specimens). Body length 820–1070 µm. Head usually yellow, scape light brown to brown, pedicel brown, flagellum dark brown; mesosoma yellow-orange, legs mostly yellowish to light brown, color of gaster variable, from partially yellow-brown with several brown bands on gastral terga to almost completely brown. Antenna ( Fig. 347 ) with radicle about 0.25x total length of scape, rest of scape 3.1–3.2x as long as wide, faintly longitudinally striate; pedicel longer than F1; F1 short and without mps, F1 and F2 sometimes subequal in length (F2 then sometimes lacks a mps) but F2 usually at least a little longer than F1 (F2 then usually bears 1 or occasionally 2 mps); F3–F8 subequal in length (F3 usually slightly longer) and each usually with 2 mps (in specimens from Buenos Aires Province , Argentina , F3 sometimes with just 1 mps); clava with 8 mps, 3.1–3.7x as long as wide, about as long as or a little shorter than combined length of F5–F8. Mesosoma ( Fig. 346 ). Mesoscutum and scutellum almost smooth; propodeum at most with traces of submedian carinae, often smooth. Forewing ( Fig. 349 ) 3.5–3.9x as long as wide; longest marginal seta 0.25–0.3x maximum wing width; disc almost hyaline, at most with a slight brownish tinge, often more pronounced behind marginal and stigmal veins (particularly in specimens from Buenos Aires Province ); mostly bare behind venation except for setae just behind marginal and stigmal veins, with most of these setae more or less arranged in 1 or 2 irregular rows extending the length of marginal and stigmal veins, and densely setose elsewhere. Hind wing ( Fig. 349 ) 16–20x as long as wide; disc with a row of setae along each margin and an additional incomplete row of setae at base and apex only, almost hyaline but with a slight brownish tinge apically; longest marginal seta 1.8–2.3x maximum wing width. Foreleg as in Fig. 348 . Petiole 1.0–1.1x as wide as long; gaster longer than mesosoma; ovipositor about 0.8x length of gaster, barely exserted beyond gastral apex by at most 0.1x own length; 1.4–1.5x as long as mesotibia. Measurements (µm) of the lectotype . Total body length: 1070; head 154; mesosoma 375; petiole 39; gaster 510. Antenna: radicle 45; rest of scape 125; pedicel 55; F1 39; F2 39 (42); F3 59; F4 55; F5 55; F6 52; F7 52; F8 52; clava 191. Forewing 1015:263; longest marginal seta 67. Hind wing 775:45; longest marginal seta 82. MALE ( paralectotypes and non-type specimens). Body length 825–990 µm. Similar to female except for normal sexually dimorphic features and the following. Body and legs usually a little darker, particularly the mesosoma (sometimes mostly brown with some yellow). Antenna ( Fig. 350 ) with scape plus radicle about 2.0x as long as wide. Forewing ( Fig. 351 ) 3.5–3.6x as long as wide. Genitalia as in Fig. 352 . Diagnosis. Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) inauditus is a member of the bucculentus subgroup of the ater species group. It is characterized by the propodeum having at most traces of submedian carinae, but usually smooth ( Fig. 346 ). It differs from G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) nasutus (Ogloblin) , which is also light colored, by having at least 8 (usually 11 or more) setae just behind the marginal and stigmal veins, most of which are more or less arranged in 1 or 2 irregular rows extending the length of the marginal and stigmal veins ( Fig. 349 ). The forewing disc of G. nasutus usually lacks setae behind the marginal vein, at most having 3 setae behind the stigmal vein ( Fig. 392 ). Distribution. NEOTROPICAL: Argentina , Brazil ( De Santis 1981 ), and Uruguay *. The record of this species from Brazil by De Santis (1981) , however, needs verification although G. inauditus , like most other species of Gonatocerus known from Misiones Province of Argentina , is also very likely to occur at least in the provinces of Brazil adjacent to Misiones and in southeastern Paraguay . Hosts. Unknown. This fairly common species seems to be associated with unknown host(s) on grasses and other low vegetation. Comments. Forms resembling G. inauditus are common in many states of Argentina , except for the Andean forests and possibly also the southern provinces, from where there are very few collections of Mymaridae . Ogloblin identified under a manuscript name 2 female and 3 male specimens [in MLPA] from Cipoletti, Río Negro , Argentina , collected 1.iii.1941 and 15.iii.1941 by R. Schiunn, as a new subspecies of G. inauditus , but its description has never been published.