Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species Author Toda, Masanori J. Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan Author Bänziger, Hans Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand hans. banziger @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8913 - 3034 Author Sati, Pradeep C. Systematic & Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, 246174, Uttarakhand, India. & satipradeep 28 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6809 - 8575 Author Fartyal, Rajendra S. Systematic & Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, 246174, Uttarakhand, India. & rs. fartyal @ hnbgu. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8844 - 6263 Author Suwito, Awit Zoology Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia. awitswt @ yahoo. com Author Katoh, Toru Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060 - 0810, Japan t _ katoh @ sci. hokudai. ac. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3376 - 8545 text Zootaxa 2020 2020-06-08 4789 1 1 54 journal article 21673 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.1 c12aaed8-264c-459c-b1aa-09eaeb686670 1175-5326 3884610 311A27A2-A053-4D20-A43E-EF57DBE55166 4. Phortica ( Ashima ) angulata species group, new Diagnosis. Dorsomedial, tentorial apodeme ≥ 2/3 basal, parallel portion of dorsolateral, tentorial apodeme (ch.1-0); abdominal tergites III and IV unicolor (ch.21-3); epandrium with triangular or hook-like projection on anteroventral margin (ch.31-2; Fig. 3B ); pregonite ( Fig. 3C ) not strongly sclerotized (ch.43-2), plate-like (ch.44-0), with basal extension nearly rectangular to main body and apically broad (ch.49-2). Shared characters. Arista with dorsal but no ventral branches; apical, leaf-like expansion apically with small, awn-like projection. Palpus with hollow-shaped sense organ (ch.9-2). Some anterior, cibarial, medial sensilla short, apically blunt, peg-like (ch.11-1). Prementum without pubescent patches (ch.12-0). Pseudotracheae in labellum 6 per side (ch.14-2). Setulae just before prescutellar acrostichal setae somewhat longer than other acrostichal setulae (ch.15-1). Mid and hind femora and all tibiae entirely yellow (ch.16–19-0). Apical, downward curved setula on fore tarsomere V stout, as long as tarsomere V (ch.20-1). Abdominal sternite III longer than wide (ch.22-0), not wider than IV (ch.23-0); IV not wider than long (ch.24-0); V wider than long (ch.25-1); III–V without dense setulae on medial surface (ch.26–28-0). Setae on and/or near ventral margin of epandrium ( Fig. 3B ) not denser than those on other portions (ch.32-0), longer than others (ch.33-1). Surstylus ( Fig. 3B ) without expansion at caudoventral corner (ch.35-0), with peg-like teeth (ch.37-0). Hypandrium symmetric (ch.40-0); phragma as narrow as lateral gonocoxites (ch.41-1). Pregonite ( Fig. 3C ) not serrated on ventrodistal portion (ch.50-0), with sensilla on submedial and basal portions (ch.52,53-1). Aedeagal, outer membrane bearing neither spiny ornamentation nor apical, long, narrow tube (ch.55-1, ch.57-0); median rod entirely or partly strongly sclerotized (ch.58-0); free sclerite absent within outer membrane (ch.59-0). Posterior, rod-like process of phallapodeme not longer than aedeagal median rod (ch.62-0). Aedeagal sheath with lateral lobes bearing strongly sclerotized postgonites (ch.65-1); sclerotized, posterior postgonites medially separated from each other (ch.66-0). Included species. This species group comprises African species: Phortica ( Ashima ) angulata Prigent & Chen ; P . ( A .) curvispina Prigent & Chen *; P . ( A .) machoruka Prigent & Chen ; and P . ( A .) unispina Prigent & Chen *. * The assignment was judged from the original descriptions by Prigent & Chen (2008) .