Hamacantha (Hamacantha) boomerang sp. nov. from deep-sea coral mounds at Campos Basin, SW Atlantic, and redescription of H. (H.) schmidtii (Carter, 1882) (Hamacanthidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae)
Author
Hajdu, Eduardo
Author
Castello-Branco, Cristiana
text
Zootaxa
2014
3753
4
384
390
journal article
46718
10.11646/zootaxa.3753.4.7
143bcd5c-6a22-427e-ae1c-904ac65a1e21
1175-5326
229216
6F2B53FE-D997-4415-8F82-210E60516D38
Hamacantha (Hamacantha) boomerang
sp. nov.
Figs. 1
B–H
Holotype
.
MNRJ
14339, Campos Basin,
Brazil
(ECOPROF 6, -22,382820 – -40,122579, off Farol de
São Tomé
),
607 m
depth, coll. CENPES/PETROBRAS, 2008.09.25.
Diagnosis.
This is the only species of
Hamacantha (Hamacantha)
with oxeas as megascleres, three categories of diancistras, and one of toxas.
Description.
The single specimen is a moderately thick crust,
21 x
10
mm in area, and
2-3 mm
thick (
Fig. 1
C). Surface smooth to the eye and slightly velvety to the touch, no oscula were seen. Consistency very soft, fragile. Colour alive not recorded, off white in ethanol.
Skeleton. Ectosomal skeleton comprising a loose tangential reticulation of oxeas. The transparent ectosomal layer allows the cavernous choanosome to be seen in situ, which is traversed by abundant longitudinal tracts of megascleres whose endings support the ectosome.
Spicules. Megascleres oxeas (
Fig. 1
D), slightly fusiform, straight or slightly curved, tapering gradually, rarely styloid, 271-
462.3
-630 µm long and 7-
12.1
-18 µm thick. Diancistras occur in three clear-cut categories. Larger ones (
Fig. 1
E) stouter, nearly straight, fimbriae and notches well marked, hooks each about 1/3 of the total length, 125-
141.4
-155 µm long. Intermediate ones (
Fig. 1
F) slender, contorted, slightly bent, fimbriae nearly closing the space between terminations and main shaft, notches inconspicuous, 45-
57.9
-69 µm long. Smaller ones (
Fig. 1
G, I) slender, contorted, markedly bent (boomerang-like), fimbriae nearly closing the space between hooks and main shaft, slightly more developed on the main shaft, forming wing-shaped structures slightly incised away from shaft, notches inconspicuous, 20-
23.3
-29 µm long. Toxas accolada shape, no recurved arms (
Fig. 1
H), 58–
68.6
–82 µm long.
Distribution and ecology.
The species is known only from its
type
locality, the continental slope at Campos Basin (SE
Brazil
). The specimen is growing on a fragment of a dead coral,
Solenosmilia variabilis
Duncan, 1873
, together with an apparent new species of
Stelletta
.
Etymology.
The specific epithet,
boomerang
, is used here as a noun in apposition, and conveys geometric information on the shape of the smaller category of diancistras. These are markedly bent in their central portion, as is the case of typical V-shaped Australian indigenous boomerangs.
Remarks.
See below.