Species Diversity in the Braconid Wasp Genus Allorhogas (Doryctinae) Associated With Cynipid Galls on Live Oaks (Quercus: Fagaceae) Using Natural History, Phylogenetics, and Morphology Author Samacá-Sáenz, Ernesto Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er. circuito exterior s / n, Cd. Author Egan, Scott P. Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, and Author Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro Colección Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er. circuito exterior s / n, Cd. azaldivar@ib.unam.mx text Insect Systematics and Diversity 2020 2020-10-06 4 2020 3 1 20 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixaa011 journal article 10.1093/isd/ixaa011 2399-3421 4552349 116A6713-9B25-467B-8581-B6D1AE33EDAF Allorhogas belonocnema Samacá-Sáenz, Zaldívar-Riverón et Egan sp.nov. ( Fig. 6 A–F). ( urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6B56FE1E-9A73-4C2F-9424- B38D74963092 ). Fig. 6. Allorhogas belonocnema sp.nov. Female,Holotype:(A) habitus,lateral,view; (B) head and mesosoma, dorsal view;(C) head and mesosoma,lateral view; (D) forewing; (E) metasoma, dorsal view. Male, Paratype: (F) habitus, lateral view. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the remaining described species of the genus that are associated with cynipid galls in southeastern United States by having the fifth metasomal tergite slightly longitudinally costate (smooth and polished slightly coriaceous or smooth slightly punctate in the remaining species). Allorhogas belonocnema is similar to Al. gallifolia , but can be distinguished from the latter species by 1) its larger body size ( 2.2– 2.5 mm ; 1.6–1.9 mm in Al. gallifolia ), 2) coriaceous sculpture of the mesoscutal lobes (acinose in Al. gallifolia ), 3) smooth to coriaceousrugulose propodeum (entirely rugose-areolate in Al. gallifolia ), and 4) legs with whitish-yellow paler color. Similar to Al. gallifolia , this species was reared from leaf galls of Be. treatae on Q. virginiana and Q. fusiformis , although from a different geographical location (McAllen, Texas , United States ), which is 560 km away and spans an important break in host oak population genetic structure ( Cavender-Bares et al. 2015 ). Female. Body size 2.5 mm ( Fig. 6A ), forewing 2.4 mm . Color : head and mesosoma honey yellow; metasoma and legs yellow to whitishyellow; wings hyaline, stigma and veins brown to honey yellow; ovipositor sheaths brown turning black to apex, ovipositor honey yellow strongly sclerotized. Head: transverse in dorsal view, 2.5 times wider than its median length ( Fig. 6B ), and 1.2 times wider than high; occipital carina complete and reaching hypostomal carina before the mandible; POL 0.7 times OD, 0.6 times OOL; face pilose, slightly coriaceoustransversally rugose, frons excavation distinctively coriaceous, without sharp lateral margins; vertex, temple and gena coriaceous; eye 1.4 times longer than wide; eye width 3.6 times longer than temple in dorsal view; malar space 0.2 times eye height and as long as width of hypoclypeal depression; mandibles bidentate; antenna with 24 flagellomeres, first flagellomere about 3.5 times longer than wide, 1.2 times longer than second one. Mesosoma: 1.3 times longer than high ( Fig. 6C ) and 1.6 times longer than wide; pronotal collar very short, slightly visible in dorsal view, pronotal lobe scrobiculate-slightly coriaceous, mesoscutum slightly transverse in dorsal view, its median length 1.5 times its width; medial mesoscutal lobe with a wide, deep, scrobiculate longitudinal furrow, mesoscutal lobes coriaceus; notauli distinct deep, and scrobiculate, running along the end of mesoscutum in a posterior longitudinal rugose median area; scutellum coriaceous; prescutellar furrow with four transverse carinae; propodeum smooth to slightly coriaceousrugulose, basal areas delimited by distinct carinae; mesopleuron coriaceous; subalar sulcus scrobiculate-slightly coriaceus; precoxal sulcus wide deep, slightly scrobiculate running along two-thirds mesopleuron. Wings: forewing 3.0 times longer than wide ( Fig. 6D ). Pterostigma 2.0 times as long as wide and 0.5 times as long as R. Vein r 0.8 as long as 3RSa, 0.6 times as long as 3RSb, 1.7 as long as r-m. Vein 2RS interstitial with m-cu, vein RS+Mb absent. Hind wing vein M + CU 0.7 times as long as 1 M, m-cu slightly curved towards wing apex. Legs: fore tibia with a row of spines along anterior margin. Hind coxa with a small basoventral tooth. Hind femur 3.1 times longer than wide. Metasoma: first tergite wider than long, 0.6 times as long as its apical width, longitudinally costate coriaceous with two longitudinal carinae, anterior delimited by a transverse carina ( Fig. 6E ). Second and third tergite longitudinally costate-coriaceous; suture between second and third tergites slightly sinuate. Fourth and fifth tergite mostly longitudinally slightly costate, remaining area smooth and polished. Ovipositor as long as metasoma. Male. Similar to female. Body size 2.2 mm ( Fig. 6F ). Antenna with 24 flagellomeres. Hind femur swollen, about 2.8 times longer than wide. Biology. Reared from leaf galls of asexual generations of Be. treatae on Q. fusiformis / Q. virginiana in McAllen , Texas . Etymology. The name of this species refers to the cynipid host genus that forms the gall from which it was reared. Material Examined . HOLOTYPE (IB UNAM): one female, McAllen, TX, ex. galls of Belonocnema treatae on Quercus virginiana - Quercus fusiformis, J.R. Ott, DNA voucher number CNIN3391. PARATYPE (IB UNAM): one male, same data, DNA voucher number CNIN3947.