Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XL. Polypodiaceae Author Smith, Alan R. University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 Author Kessler, Michael Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH- 8008 Zurich, Switzerland Author León, Blanca Museo de Historia Natural, Av. Arenales 1256, Aptdo. 14 - 0434, Lima 14, Peru & Plant Resources Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA Author Almeida, Thaís Elias Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - Herbário HSTM, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s. n. - Santarém, 68040 - 070, Brazil Author Jiménez-Pérez, Iván Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Correo Central 10077, La Paz, Bolivia Author Lehnert, Marcus University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 & Nees Institut für Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, 53115 Bonn, Germany & University Herbarium, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465 text Phytotaxa 2018 2018-06-11 354 1 448 450 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.354.1.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.354.1.1 1179-3163 Ascogrammitis anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Sundue, Brittonia 62(4): 365. 2010 . = Grammitis anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Proctor, Rhodora 63: 35. 1961 . = Melpomene anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) A.R.Sm. & R.C.Moran, Novon 2(4): 429. 1992 . = Terpsichore anfractuosa (Kunze ex Klotzsch) B. León & A.R.Sm., Amer. Fern J. 93(2): 86. 2003 . Range: —Antilles; mountains from southern Mexico to the Guianas and Bolivia (CO, LP). Ecology: —Moderately common; epiphytic, rarely on moss-covered rocks, in humid forests; 1900–3000 m . Notes: —Rhizomes small, erect, with long, slender, stoloniferous roots, and small (< 1 mm long), entire rhizome scales lacking apical setae. Overall, a much smaller species than any other Bolivian Ascogrammitis , with leaves 8–14 cm long. The entire rhizome scales and overall aspect are reminiscent of Melpomene , where this species was previously placed, but this is clearly a result of convergence, and the presence of black fungi as well as molecular data place this species in Ascogrammitis .