Review of the tribe Amorphopini (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Metrodorinae): Pygmy moss-lichen tetrigids from the Amazon rainforest
Author
Cadena-Castaneda, Oscar J.
Universidad INCCA de Colombia. Grupo en Ecologia Evolutiva y Biogeografia Tropical ECOBIT, Bogota, Colombia. & Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas. Grupo de Investigacion en Artropodos " Kumangui ", Bogota, Colombia.
ojccorthoptera@gmail.com
Author
Silva, Daniela Santos Martins
Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV) - campus Rio Paranaiba, 38810 - 000, Rio Paranaiba - MG, Brazil.
Author
Mendes, Diego Matheus De Mello
Laboratorio de Entomologia Sistematica, Urbana e Forense. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), CEP 69060 - 001, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Author
Pereira, Marcelo Ribeiro
Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV) - campus Rio Paranaiba, 38810 - 000, Rio Paranaiba - MG, Brazil.
Author
Domenico, Fernando Campos De
Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), 04263 - 000, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
Author
Sperber, Carlos Frankl
Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP), 04263 - 000, Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
text
Journal of Orthoptera Research
2020
29
1
45
62
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.33717
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.29.33717
1937-2426-1-45
647877CDF0434952841920D0F18EA28C
1D3609CADB1D568ABC40741E117DB0B1
Eomorphopus antennatus
Bolivar
, 1887
Figs 8
, 9
, 10
, 11
, 14
Neotype.
-
COLOMBIA • ♀; Amazonas, San Juan de Loreto Yacu; 03°37'0"S; 70°33'59.3"W; 180 m; N. Ruiz leg. (CAUD).
Description
Female.
This species is very similar to
E. granulatus
, but
E. antennatus
is larger. Furthermore, it is differentiated by the following characters: Body surface more granulated than
E. granulatus
(Fig.
8A
). Eyes globose and prominent, fastigium visible between the eyes, median carina slightly developed and continuing towards frontal costa; area of fastigium to occiput abundantly granulated (Fig.
8B
). Pronotum with rounded sculpturing on prozona, median carinae undulate at level of humeral sinus, length of infrascapular area as long as fore femur (Fig.
8C
); prolongation of the pronotum constricting and resuming its thickness rapidly, close to the distal third, apex of the lateral lobe of the side projection triangular shaped and moderately sharp; anterior and posterior margin of pronotum truncated; lateral lobes directed sideways (Fig.
8D
). Fore femur flattened laterally, dorsal and ventral margins carinated with two or three undulations in the dorsal margin and one or two in ventral margin (Fig.
8E
); middle femur shield like in shape, flattened laterally and strongly foliaceous (mid-femur notably wider than
E. granulatus
), dorsal and ventral margin slightly undulated; ventral margin expanded, with rounded teeth in the apex (Fig.
8F
). Subgenital plate triangular shaped, slightly longer than wide, with a small mid triangular tooth (Fig.
8G
).
Male.
Similar to the female, distinguished by the ambisexual characters (Fig.
9A-F
): subgenital plate prolonged, in ventral view triangular shaped and with rounded apex (Fig.
9G
), cerci cylindrical, slightly reducing in thickness from the base to the apex (Fig.
9H
).
Variations
Measurements (in mm)
The main variations observed in this species are related to the coloration, that will be detailed later. Morphologically, the undulations of the middle and anterior femur may be more conspicuous in some individuals than others, although it was observed that they are more conspicuous in males than in females. Moreover, the undulations of the dorsal margin of the anterior femur can vary from two, three, or four, distorting the use of this character to separate the two species of
Eomorphopus
. (
Bruner (1910)
suggested that
E. granulatus
had three undulations and
E. antennatus
had two).
Measurements (in mm)
Female.
CFP: 19.4-19.5; PL: 17.4-17.9; PLB: 5.5-5.9; FF: 3.4-3.6; FL: 2.7-3; MFL: 3.3-3.4; MTL: 3-3.3; HL: 7.1-7.3; HW: 1.9-2.2; HL: 6.7-6.8.
Male.
CFP: 18.3; PL: 16.4; PLB: 5.5; FF: 2.8; FL: 2.7; MFL: 3.6; MTL: 2.8; HL: 7.4; HW: 2.3; HL: 6.1.
Specimens examined
Museum specimens.
COLOMBIA • 1♀; same data as neotype • 1♀; Amazonas, Leticia; 27 Oct. 1996. • 1♀; La Pedrera; 100 m; 18 May. 2011; C. Linares. • 1♂;
Caqueta
, Florencia, Vda. La Victoriosa, Centro de Investigaciones
Amazonicas
CIMAZ, Macagual.
01°30'37"N
,
75°40'29"W
; 233 m.; 20 Sep. 2017; A. Quiroga leg. • 1♂; Meta, San Juan de Arama, Bosque de Galeria,
Cano
Curia; 24 Sep. 1987. (CAUD). BRAZIL, • 1♀1♂; Amazonas, Manaus, Bosque da
Ciencia
, INPA; 1-20 May. 2010; J.T.
Camara
leg. • 1♀; same data collection data as for preceding; 22 May. 2009; coleta manual, T. Mahlmann leg. • 1♀; Amazonas, Rio Abacaxis;
05°15'09"S
,
58°41'52"W
; 35m; 27-29 May. 2008; Armadilha luz sobre o barco, J.A. Rafael e equipe leg. • 1♂; Amazonas, Manaus, Reserva Adolpho Ducke, km 26;
02°55'49"S
,
59°58'31"W
; 30 Apr. - 4 May. 2014; Coleta manual, K.F.S. Cezar leg. • 2♀; Amazonas,
Tefe
, Lago
Tefe
, Ilha em frente de
Tefe
;
03°19'55"S
,
64°41'11.9"W
; 1 Sep. 2018; Coleta em floresta de
varzea
, D.M.M. Mendes, J.C. Oliveira and J. Oliveira leg. • 1♂; Amazonas, Uarini, Boca do
Mamiraua
;
03°07'29.4"S
,
64°47'32.1"W
; 5 Sep. 2018; Coleta em floresta de
varzea
, D.M.M. Mendes, J.C. Oliveira and J. Oliveira leg. • 1♀; Amazonas, Careiro Castanho, BR-319, km 181,
Sitio
Sao
Paulo;
04°12'48"S
,
60°49'04"W
; 24 Mar. 2017; J.A. Rafael and F.F. Xavier F. leg.
Photographic records
. PERU, • 1♀; Loreto Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo Reserve.
Comments
Eomorphopus antennatus
was described by
Bolivar
(1887)
as Amorphospus, and in 1907, Hancock reallocated this species to the new genus
Eomorphopus
.
E. antennatus
is very similar to
E. granulatus
but is distinguished by the biundulated fore femur dorsal margin vs. the triundulated fore femur dorsal margin in
E. granulatus
(
Bruner 1910
).
E. antennatus
has several records: Peru, Guyana, Venezuela, Ecuador, Suriname, Brazil, and Trinidad Island. Currently, the depository of the primary type is unknown (
Cigliano et al. 2019
) and there is a female from Alto Amazonas in
Bolivar's
Tetrigoidea
collection, housed at the National Museum of Natural History, Madrid, Spain (MNCN) (
Paris 1993-1994
).
A neotype specimen is designated as the carrier-name of the species and is supported by the following reasons (
ICZN 1999
) Art. 75)
1.
The status of the only type specimen is lost. It was deposited in MNCN, but this specimen could not be traced from its original description (Arts. 75.3.1., 75.3.4.).
2.
The type female specimen has as type locality Peru, Upper Amazonas, but not having specimens from the same locality, a female from a nearby and available locality of similar geological characteristics was designated (Arts. 75.3.5, 75.3.6; recommendation 75A ICZN).
3.
A detailed description is written for the neotype that is in agreement with the general idea of the identity of this species, differentiating it from other taxa, ensuring the recognition of the designated specimen, and conveying a consensus in identifications and wide distribution that characterizes the species, ensuring that most identifications from the past are correct (Arts. 75.3.2, 75.3.3, 75.3.5; recommendation 75B).
4.
The neotype is deposited in CAUD, a collection of a recognized scientific institution, which maintains adequate facilities to preserve the types and makes them accessible for study (Art. 75.3.7).
Fig. 7.
Live
Eomorphopus granulatus
from Brazilian Amazon
.
Fig. 8.
Eomorphopus antennatus
(female)
A.
Habitus in lateral view;
B.
Frons;
C.
Head, lateral lobes of pronotum and tegmina in lateral view;
D.
Habitus in dorsal view;
E.
Fore-femur;
F.
Mid-femur;
G.
Terminalia in ventral view; and
H.
In lateral view.
Fig. 9.
Eomorphopus antennatus
(male)
A.
Habitus in lateral view
B.
Frons;
C.
Head, lateral lobes of pronotum and tegmina in lateral view;
D.
Habitus in dorsal view;
E.
Fore-femur;
F.
Mid-femur;
G.
Terminalia in ventral view; and
H.
In lateral view.
Fig. 10.
Live
Eomorphopus antennatus
female from Brazilian Amazon.
Fig. 11.
Live
Eomorphopus antennatus
male from Brazilian Amazon.