A revision of the genus Cheliplana de Beauchamp, 1927 (Rhabdocoela: Schizorhynchia), with the description of six new species
Author
Gobert, Stefan
0000-0003-1949-9174
Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & stefan. gobert @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1949 - 9174
stefan.gobert@uhasselt.be
Author
Diez, Yander L.
0000-0001-8741-4799
Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & University of Oriente, Departement of Biology and Geography, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s / n, CP 90500, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, Departments of Botany and Zoology, University of British Columbia, 3529 - 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V 6 T 1 Z 4 Canada. & yander @ uo. edu. cu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8741 - 4799
yander@uo.edu.cu
Author
Monnens, Marlies
0000-0002-9133-1512
Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & marlies. monnens @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9133 - 1512
marlies.monnens@uhasselt.be
Author
Reygel, Patrick
0000-0001-8721-6290
Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & patrick. reygel @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8721 - 6290
patrick.reygel@uhasselt.be
Author
Van Steenkiste, Niels W. L.
0000-0002-2676-7862
niels. vansteenkiste @ botany. ubc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2676 - 7862
niels.vansteenkiste@botany.ubc.ca
Author
Leander, Brian S.
0000-0003-0798-0470
bleander @ mail. ubc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0798 - 0470
bleander@mail.ubc.ca
Author
Artois, Tom
Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-05-17
4970
3
453
494
journal article
6258
10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.2
281c9017-f55b-47bf-bea0-e511a7173605
1175-5326
4766692
FEABE248-E1EA-48F5-A1AF-0077FE40C257
Cheliplana hawaiiensis
n. sp.
Gobert, Reygel,
Van
Steenkiste
&
Artois
Fig. 2A–C
,
Fig. 3A–C
,
Fig. 4
Etymology.
The species epithet refers to the Hawaiian archipelago, where the species was first found.
Material examined.
Holotype
.
UNITED STATES
• 1 whole mount;
Hawaii
,
Oahu
,
Waimanalo Beach
;
21°19’36”N
,
157°40’59”W
;
31 May 2010
; intertidal zone, fine sand with organic detritus among blocks of coral; KV.635.
Other material.
UNITED STATES
• 6 whole mounts and two serial sections;
Hawaii
,
Oahu
,
Waimanalo Beach
;
21°19’36”N
,
157°40’59”W
;
31 May 2010
; intertidal zone, fine sand with organic detritus among blocks of coral; HU X.2.26–X.2.33
.
CANADA
• 3 whole mounts;
British Columbia
,
Calvert Island
,
West Beach
;
51°39’24”N
,
128°08’41”W
;
3 Jun. 2015
; intertidal zone, medium-grained sand from the beach surface; MI4186–MI4188
• 3 whole mounts;
British Columbia
,
Calvert Island
,
North Beach
;
51°39’52”N
,
128°08’46”W
;
7 Jun. 2017
; coarse sand in lower intertidal; MI4189–MI4191
• 1 whole mount;
British Columbia
,
Calvert Island
, Foggy Cove;
51°39’07”N
,
128°08’32”W
;
9 Apr. 2016
; medium-grained sand in between boulders in the lower intertidal; MI4192
.
Description.
Specimens are largely transparent, with a weak brown to orange colouration (
Figs. 3A
,
4A
). A caudal haptic girdle is present (ag,
Fig. 2A
). The proboscis of the Hawaiian specimens is ~37 μm long with 18-μmlong muscular hook supports and a pair of smooth proboscis hooks ~20 μm long (h, hs,
Fig. 3B
). The proboscis of the Canadian specimens is about 28 μm long with 10-μm-long hook supports and 18 μm long hooks (h, hs,
Fig. 4B; 4D
). The proboscis sidepieces are straight, non-sclerotised rods, with enlarged distal ends, bearing a single bristle (sp,
Figs. 3B
;
4B
).
The mouth is situated directly posterior to the proboscis. The pharynx is positioned in the anterior part of the body (ph,
Figs. 2A
;
3A
;
4A
) and connects to the mouth via a long, slender oral cavity lined with spines (ppc,
Fig. 2A
;
4A
). The anterior edge of the pharynx is lined with papillae. In some specimens, the body contains large numbers of diatom frustules.
A single testis is present in the anterior body half, just behind and/or alongside the pharynx (t,
Fig. 2A
;
3A
;
4A
). The posterior part of the testis shows a globular accumulation of sperm, probably corresponding to the area where the testis connects to the vas deferens. The male copulatory bulb measures ~117 μm in the Hawaiian specimens (cb,
Fig. 3A
) and
75–100 µm
in the Canadian specimens (cb,
Fig. 4A,C,E
). Two seminal vesicles enter the copulatory bulb proximally (vs,
Figs. 2A
;
4A,C
). The copulatory bulb is of the conjuncta duplex
type
(
Karling 1956
) and is surrounded by a sheath of longitudinal muscles. The presence of circular muscles surrounding the copulatory bulb could not be determined. The large prostatic glands also enter the copulatory bulb proximally and form a prostatic vesicle in the proximal part of the bulb (pg, vg,
Figs. 2A
;
3A
;
4A,C
). The distal part of the bulb holds the ejaculatory duct, the distal end of which forms an armed cirrus (
Figs. 2C
;
3C
; ci,
Figs. 2A
;
3A
;
4A,C,E
) measuring 30–40 μm (
Canada
) or 41–68 μm (Hawaii). The cirrus is differentiated in three distinct regions (
Figs. 2C
;
4E
): the most proximal part is tubular, with a length of 15–31 μm (
x
= 21 μm, n = 6; Hawaii) or 12–18 μm (
x
= 15 μm, n = 7;
Canada
) and a diameter of 8–16 μm (
x
= 12 μm, n = 6; Hawaii) or 7–9 μm (
x
= 8 μm, n = 7;
Canada
). This part is armed with very fine spines with a rectangular base. This proximal tube is followed distally by a ring of six long, curved spines of ~12 μm long (measured on Canadian specimens), each set in sclerotised pockets. The most distal region is 23–34 μm (
x
= 27 μm, n = 6; Hawaii) or 12–17 μm (
x
= 15 μm, n = 7;
Canada
) long, with a diameter of ~17–26 μm (
x
= 22 μm, n = 6; Hawaii) or 12–17 μm (
x
= 14 μm, n = 7;
Canada
). This distal part is lined with densely stacked, bristle-like spines with a length of ~8 μm (Hawaii) or ~5 μm (
Canada
).
FIGURE 2
.
A–C
.
Cheliplana hawaiiensis
n. sp.
A
. Habitus of the live specimen.
B
. Camera lucida drawing of the proboscis.
C
. Camera lucida drawing of the sclerotised cirrus.
D–E
.
Cheliplana mauii
n. sp.
D
. Camera lucida drawing of the proboscis.
E
. Camera lucida drawing of the sclerotised cirrus.
F–H
.
Cheliplana longissima
n. sp.
F
. Camera lucida drawing of the sclerotised cirrus and penile papilla.
G
. Camera lucida drawing of the proboscis.
H
. Reconstruction from the left-hand side of the male and female genital organs in the posterior part of the body. Scale bars: B-D, G = 20 μm; E = 10 μm; F = 50 μm.
A single, large ovary is present near the copulatory apparatus (ov,
Fig. 4A
). A bursa is situated posterior to the common genital opening (b,
Fig. 4A,C
). No spermatic duct or vagina externa were observed.