Review of the genus Ceratovacuna (Hemiptera: Aphididae) with descriptions of five new species from China Author Jiang, Liyun Author Chen, Jing Author Guo, Kun Author Qiao, Gexia text Zootaxa 2015 3986 1 35 60 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3986.1.2 b7869c20-e8f2-4381-b272-9fa003946b76 1175-5326 289080 CC809E75-016E-4A32-935F-E9F9F1047C63 Ceratovacuna separata Qiao sp. n. ( Figures 81–101 , Table 1) Apterous viviparous female. Body dark brown, covered by white wax powder in life. FIGURES 81–90. Ceratovacuna separata Qiao sp. n. Apterous viviparous female: (81) dorsal view of head and prothorax; (82) frontal horn; (83) antenna; (84) ultimate rostral segment; (85) mesosternal furca; (86) dorsal view of abdomen; (87) siphunculus; (88) cauda; (89) anal plate; (90) genital plate. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. FIGURES 91–101. Ceratovacuna separata Qiao sp. n. Apterous viviparous female: (91) dorsal view of body; (92) dorsal view of head and prothorax; (93) frontal horns; (94) antenna; (95) ultimate rostral segment; (96) mesosternal furca; (97) wax gland plate on abdomen; (98) siphunculus; (99) cauda; (100) anal plate; (101) genital plate. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. Mounted specimens: Body oval ( Fig. 91 ), 1.51–1.72 times as long as its width. Head and pronotum fused ( Figs 81 , 92 ). Eyes and apex of siphunculi dark brown; dorsum of head, frontal horns, antenna, rostrum, legs, cauda, anal plate and genital plate brown, the other parts pale brown. Dorsum of body with wax gland plates on sclerites, composed with big, round wax gland facets ( Figs 86 , 97 ). Dorsum of head with 1 pair of wax gland plates between eyes, composed with 3–5 facets; thoracic nota each with 1 pair of spinal and marginal wax gland plates, each composed with 2–4 facets in a line and 5 or 6 facets; abdominal tergite I with 1 pair of spinal and marginal wax gland plates, each composed with 3–5 facets in a line and 1 or 2 facets; tergites II–V each with 1 spinal and 1 pair of pleural wax gland plates, each composed with 1–5 and 1–3 facets; tergite VI with 1 spinal wax gland plate, composed with 5 or 6 facets; tergites II–VII each with 1 pair of marginal wax gland plates, composed with 4 or 5 wax gland facets; tergite VIII with one spinal wax gland plate, composed with 4–6 facets. Dorsal setae of body fine and long, ventral setae short. Head with 1 pair of cephalic and 4–5 pairs of dorsal setae; pronotum with 2 pairs of spinal, 1 pair of anterior pleural and 1 pair of marginal setae; mesonotum, metanotum and abdominal tergites I–VI each with 1 pair of spinal, pleural and marginal setae; tergite VII with 1 pair of spinal and marginal setae; tergite VIII with 1 pair of spinal and 3–4 pairs of marginal setae. Cephalic setae, marginal setae on abdominal tergite I, setae on abdominal tergite VIII 3.13–4.20, 2.67–3.93 and 3.13–3.93 times as long as basal diameter of antennal segment III, respectively. Spiracles round, open, on pale brown spiracular plates. Head. Head with 1 pair of frontal horns, broadly conical ( Figs 82 , 93 ), 0.86 times as long as its basal width, 1.15–1.50 times as long as antennal segment II. Antenna 4–segmented ( Figs 83 , 94 ), with sparse wrinkles on apex of processus terminalis, 0.16–0.19 times as long as body; segments I–IV each with 1, 2, 3, 2+0 setae, respectively; setae on segment III 1.33 times as long as basal diameter of the segment; segments III and IV each with one nonciliated primary rhinarium; processus terminalis 0.33–0.40 times as long as base of the segment IV, with 4 apical setae. Rostrum short, reaching mid-coxae; ultimate rostral segment wedge-shaped ( Figs 84 , 95 ), 0.86–1.31 times as long as its basal width, 0.54–0.60 times as long as second hind tarsal segment; with 3 pairs of primary setae, without secondary setae. Thorax. Mesosternal furca pale brown, with two arms separated ( Figs 85 , 96 ), each arm 2.95 times as long as basal diameter of antennal segment III. Legs smooth, with a few setae. Trochanter and femora fused, hind trochanter and femur 4.14–4.63 times as long as antennal segment III; hind tibia 0.28–0.34 times as long as body; setae on hind tibia 0.90–1.09 times as long as its mid-diameter. First tarsal chaetotaxy: 3, 2, 2. Abdomen. Siphunculi ring-like ( Figs 87 , 98 ), on abdominal tergite V, apical diameter 2.33–2.87 times as long as basal diameter of antennal segment III. Cauda, anal plate and genital plate with spinules. Cauda knobbed ( Figs 88 , 99 ), constricted near base, 0.48–0.62 times as long as its basal width, with 14–17 long or short setae. Anal plate bilobed ( Figs 89 , 100 ), with 15–18 long or short setae. Genital plate broad round, with 4 short pointed anterior setae and 2 posterior setae ( Figs 90 , 101 ). Holotype . CHINA : Apterous vivipara, Fujian (Mt. Wuyishan), on one kind of bamboo, 18.v.2004 (Guo K) [No. 14734–1–1–2]. Paratypes . CHINA : 1 apterous vivipara and 2 apterous viviparae ( BMNH ) [No. 14734]; the other information same as holotype . Distribution . China (Fujian). Biology . The new species feeds on Bamboos ( Poaceae ). Etymology. The new species, Ceratovacuna separata is named after the characteristics of its wax plates on abdominal tergites with facets obviously divided to each other, “ separata ” (Latin word) meaning divided, apart. Remarks. The new species is most similar to Ceratovacuna silvestrii in the abdominal tergites I–VI with spinal and pleural wax gland plates and diameter of wax gland facet on dorsum of head similar to that on abdominal tergites, but differs from C. silvestrii as follows: wax gland plates between eyes composed of 3–5 facets ( C. silvestrii : 8 or 9)?spinal wax gland plate on abdominal tergite VIII composed of 4–6 facets ( C. silvestrii : 10 or 11); ultimate rostral segment 0.54–0.60 times as long as second hind tarsal segment ( C. silvestrii : 0.65–0.83 times).