Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science Author Decaëns, Thibaud CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 (France) thibaud. decaens @ cefe. cnrs. fr (corresponding author) thibaud.decaens@cefe.cnrs.fr Author Bartz, Marie Luise Carolina Municipal Center for Culture and Development - Organic Farming: Agriculture and Organic Production Partnership at Centre for Organic and Regenerative Agriculture, Centro Empresarial, Zona Industrial - 6060 - 182, Idanha-a-Nova (Portugal) and Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3041 Coimbra (Portugal) bartzmarie @ gmail. com bartzmarie@gmail.com Author Bartz, arolina Author Feijoo-Martínez, Alexander Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, A. A. 097, Pereira (Colombia) Author Goulpeau, Arnaud CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 (France) arnaud. goulpeau @ cefe. cnrs. fr goulpeau@cefe.cnrs.fr Author Lapied, Emmanuel Taxonomia Biodiversity Fund, 7 rue Beccaria, 72012 Paris (France) elapied @ yahoo. com elapied@yahoo.com Author Marchán, Daniel F. CEFE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 (France) danifermch @ gmail. com danifermch@gmail.com Author Maggia, Marie-Eugénie Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, N 1 G 2 W 1 Guelph (Canada) mmaggia @ uoguelph. ca mmaggia@uoguelph.ca Author Papuga, Guillaume AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5 (France) guillaume. papuga @ umontpellier. fr papuga@umontpellier.fr Author James, Samuel W. Regenerative Agriculture Department, Maharishi International University, Fairfield, IA 52557 (United States) massemaj @ gmail. com massemaj@gmail.com text Zoosystema 2024 2024-04-09 46 9 196 244 https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/zoosystema2024v46a9.pdf journal article 299015 10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a9 5c6e0140-35bc-4e1e-9c60-4a7c2e340019 1638-9387 12551981 9AB092A6-A017-42EF-BEF3-44F533D6C88C Martiodrilus ( Maipure ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. ( Fig. 14 ) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6E1A80C3-5EA9-4309-8D46-65175597C61B TYPE MATERIAL . — Holotype . French Guiana • Adult ; Tumuc-Humac , Mitaraka Massif , plateau forest at base camp, in the soil; 2°14’2”N , 54°27’1”W ; 331 m a.s.l. ; III.2015 ; T. Decaëns , E. Lapied leg.; BOLD Sample ID: EW-MI15-0284 ; MNHN . Paratypes . French Guiana • 2 adult specimens; Tumuc-Humac , Mitaraka Massif , plateau forest at base camp; 2°14’2”N , 54°27’1”W ; 331 m a.s.l. ; III.2015 ; T. Decaëns , E. Lapied leg.; BOLD Sample ID: EW-MI15-0181 , EW-MI15-0195 ; CEFE • 1 adult specimen; Tumuc-Humac , Mitaraka Massif , tropical rainforest on DIADEMA project C trail; 2°14’4”N , 54°26’54”W ; 323 m a.s.l. ; III.2015 ; T. Decaëns , E. Lapied leg.; BOLD Sample ID: EW-MI15-0364 ; MNHN . ETYMOLOGY . — This species is dedicated to our late friend and colleague Alexander Feijoo-Martínez, who passed away prematurely in December 2023 . Alex was a great specialist in Neotropical earthworm taxonomy, and was particularly interested in the genus Martiodrilus , to which the species we are dedicating to him belongs. ECOLOGY . — Martiodrilus ( M. ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. has been found essentially in the organo-mineral soil of plateau forest ecosystems ( Fig. 14D, E ). DISTRIBUTION . — Martiodrilus ( M. ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. is only known from the Mitaraka Massif. FIG . 13. — Martiodrilus ( Maipure ) mitaraka Decaëns & Bartz n. sp. : A , external and lateral view of the anterior body ( arrows indicate the clitellum position); B , external and ventral view of the anterior body ( arrows indicate the position of the tubercula pubertatis); C , dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; D , detail of anterior segments (external lateral view); E , habitat preferences; F , microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype ; CL , clitellum; GZ , gizzard; SP , spermathecae; SV , seminal vesicles; TF , tiphlosole; TP , tubercula pubertatis; N , total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars:A-C, 5 mm ;D, 2.5 mm . DESCRIPTION External morphology ( Fig. 14A, B ) Body shape cylindrical, slightly flattened after clitellum. Body pigmentation dorsally beige to brown, with antero-posterior gradient, ventrally beige. Body length: 225 mm in the holotype , 170 to 197 mm in the paratypes (average: 183.5; n = 2), after ethanol fixation. Body mass: 6.67 g after ethanol fixation in the holotype , 4.63 to 6.38 g in the paratypes (average: 5.5; n = 2). Diameter: 7.5 to 8 mm in the preclitellar region, 9.5 to 10.2 mm in the clitellum, 7.7 to 8.8 mm in the postclitellar region. Number of segments: 139 in the holotype , 149 to 164 in the paratypes (average: 156.5; n = 2). Prostomium proepilobic. Setae closely paired, beginning in II. Setal arrangement aa:ab:bc:cd:dd = 5:1:10:1:28. Clitellum in 1/nXIV-XXV (1/3XXVI), saddle-shaped ( Fig. 14A ). Genital markings variable in V-XIII, intraclitellar in XIV, XVII-XXI in ab . Tubercula pubertatis linear in XX-XXVI ( Fig. 14B ). Male pores not recognised externally, internally open in 20/21, and ovipores not visible. Spermathecal pores in 4/5, 5/6, 6/7 and 7/8. Nephridial pores begining in II, in D line. Internal anatomy ( Fig. 14C ) Septa : thickened in 9/10 to 14/15, otherwise membranous. Gizzard: muscular and well developed in VI, displaced to X-XI, with an average size (width × length) of 6.37 × 7.40 mm . Calciferous glands: eight pairs in VII-XIV, with XII, XIII and XIV twice larger than the others; gland in VII-IX with kidney shape, otherwise globular to pear-shaped; all with lobular distal appendix and composite tubular structure. Esophagus-intestine transition in XVII/XVIII; intestine without caeca. Typhlosole abruptly begining in XXV/XXVIII, structured as a long thin folded lamella occupying all the lumen. Hearts: five pairs in VII-XI, the two intestinal pairs in X-XI larger and enclosed in testes sacs. Excretory apparatus holoic, nephridia with simple nephrostome. Testes: periesophageal in X and XI, enclosing seminal vesicles, hearts and calciferous glands. Seminal vesicles: two pairs in XI-XII; the first pair extending to X and lobulated in XI; the second pair lobulated extending to XV without perforating septa. Spermathecae: four pairs in V, VI, VII and VIII; elongated with edge lobulated. REMARKS Martiodrilus ( M. ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. belongs to the subgenus Maipure due to the presence of four pairs of spermathecae. It is quite similar to M. ( M. ) luminescens Decaëns & Bartz , n. sp. and M. ( M. ) mitaraka Decaëns & Bartz , n. sp. regarding the position of clitellum and tubercula pubertatis ( Table 4 ). It can however be separated from M. ( M. ) luminescens Decaëns & Bartz , n. sp. by the position of spermathecae (in V-VIII instead of VI-IX), the position of the tubercula pubertatis of one segment more anterior (XX-XXVI instead of XXI-XXVII), and its slightly larger body size ( 170 to 225 mm instead of 109 to 170 mm ). It further differs from M. ( M. ) mitaraka Decaëns & Bartz , n. sp. by its larger size ( M. ( M. ) mitaraka Decaëns & Bartz , n. sp. ranging from 100 to 130 mm ), its lighter pigmentation, by the presence of thickened septa in 9/10 to 14/15 and the absence of distal appendix in calciferous glands. The three species are clearly separated by their DNA barcodes. Martiodrilus ( M. ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. is also similar to M. ( M. ) ophioides which may also have a clitellum in XIV-XXV and has tubercula pubertatis in XX-XXVI. Martiodrilus ( M. ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. is however much larger in body size than this species (which ranges from 100 to 120 mm ), from which it also differs in the position of the spermathecal pores in 4/5- 7/8 instead of 5/6-8/9. Furtheremore, M. ( M. ) alexi Bartz & Decaëns , n. sp. occurs in a radically different habitat from the Andean forests from which M. ( M. ) ophioides is known. This species corresponds to OTU#085 in Maggia et al. (2021) .