Stratigraphy, paleontology and age of the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations (upper Cretaceous), San Juan Basin, New Mexico
Author
Hunt, A. P.
Author
Lucas, S. G.
text
1992
New Mexico Geological Society 43 rd Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook
Editor
Lucas, S. G.
Editor
Kues, B. S.
Editor
Williamson, T. E.
Editor
Hunt, A. P.
New Mexico Geological Society
217
239
book chapter
24289
10.5281/zenodo.3614972
c026b052-b7ca-498d-b55b-5b3c092d0c84
3614972
Dinosaurs
The dinosaur
faunas of the Fruitland and
Kirtland
Formations were
first
described in detail
by
Gilmore (
1916
)
,
who
based his
study
on
specimens collected by
Bauer and Reeside.
Subsequently
, the
collections
of Charles
Sternberg
were described
by
Wiman(1930
,
1931
,
1932
,
1933
),
Osborn (1923)
,
Gilmore (1935)
and Ostrom
(1960,
1961
).
Kues
et
al. (1977)
,
Lehman (1981)
,
Rowe
et al. (1981)
,
Lucas
et
al. (1987)
and
others
have described subsequent discoveries (
Tables 5-7
).
Bryozoa
?Conopeum sp.
Crustacea
?Xanthoidea sp.
Bivalvia
Ostrea
glabra
Anomia
gryphorhynchus
A large, undescribed collection from the upper Fruitland
has
been amassed
by Wolberg
and co-workers in the Fossil Forest area.
These specimens
are
dominated by disarticulated material but include
partial
skeletons (
Hunt, 1984
,
1991
).
They
are housed
at
the University of Kansas
and
are
being
described
by
J
.
P
. Hall.
Anomia
gryphaeiformis
Modiola
latiscostata
Unio
holmesianus
Unio
amarillensis
Unio
gardneri
Unio
reesiderei
The
dinosaur
specimens from the Fruitland and Kirtland Formations largely consist of disarticulated
and isolated
bones. Partial skeletons
and
skulls are uncommon (e.g.,
Wiman, 1930
;
Ostrom, 1961
).
Unio
brachypisthus
Unio
neomexicanus
Unio
brimhallensis
The
dinosaur faunas of
the Fruitland
and
Kirtland
Formations
were recently reviewed
by
Lucas
et al
. (1987)
.
However
, in the
last
5 years there has
been
a marked increase in the
literature on dinosaur taxonomy
Unio
cf.
Unio
primaevus
Corbicula
cytheriformes
Corbula
chacoensis
Panopaea simulatrix
Teredina
neomexicana
Teredina
sp.
TABLE 4. Invertebrate fauna of the Kirtland Formation (
pre-Naashoibito
Member
). from
Stanton (1916)
and
Reeside (1924)
.
Gastropoda
Neritina
baueri
Neritina sp.
Campeloma
amarillensis
Tulotoma
thompsoni
Bivalvia
Melania insculpta
?
Unio
pyramidatoides
?Goniobasis subtortuosa
Unio
baueri
Physa reesidei
Unio sp.
Physa
sp
.
Gastropoda
Planorbis chacoensis
Viviparus
sp
.
TABLE
5.
Vertebrate fauna
of the
Fruitland
Formation, from
Gilmore (1916
,
1919
,
1935
),
Osborn (1923)
,
Wiman (1931
,
1932
,
1933
),
Ostrom
(1961)
,
Powell (1973)
,
Clemens (1973)
,
Kues et
al
. (1977
.
Armstrong-Ziegler (1978
)
,
Lucas
(1981)
,
Hutchinson
and Kues (1985)
,
Lucas et al. (1987)
,
Flynn (1986)
,
Bryant (1987)
,
Hall
and
Wolberg (1989)
,
Lehman and
Carpenter
(1990)
,
Weishampel
(1990)
.
Lucas (1992)
,
and
this paper.
Chondrichthyes
Selachii
Hybodontidae
Lonchidion
selachos?Lonchidion
selachos
Hybodus
sp
.
Isuridae Isurus
sp.
Orectolobidae
Squatirhina
americana
Squatirhina
sp.
Batoidea
Dasyatidae
Myledaphus
bipartitus
Myledaphus
sp
.
Pristidae
Ischyrhiza
avonicola Ptychotrygon cf.
P
.
triangularis
Squatirhina sp
.
Osteichthyes
Acipenseriformes
Acipenser
cruciferus
Polyodontidae Paleopsephurus
wilsoni
Amiiformes
Amiidae
Amia
fragosa
Amia
cf.
Amia
uitaensis
Amia
sp.
?
Amia
chauliodeia
Meivius
thomasi
Lepidosteiformes
Lepisosteidae
Atractasteus
occidentalis Atractasteus
sp.
Elopiformes
Phyllodontidae
Paralbula
casei
Paralbula
cf
. P.
casei
cf. Pseudoegertonia sp.
Perciformes
Sciaenidae Platacodon
nanus
Amphibia
Anura
Discoglossidae
Scotiophryne
pustulosa
Pelobatidae
?
Eopelobates sp
.
Urodela
Prosirenidae
Prodesmodon
cf.
P. copei
Batrachosauroididae
Opisthotriton
kayi
?
Urodela Cuttysarkus
mcnallyi
Reptilia
Testudines
Baenidae
"
Baena
" nodosa
Boremys
pulchra
Compsemys sp.
Neurankylus
eximius
Dermaternydidae
Adocus
bossi
Adocus kirtlandius
Adocus
sp.
?
Basilemys
sp.
Trionychidae
Aspideretes sp.
Trionyx
sp
.
indet
Sauria
Teiidae
Leptochamops
denticulatus
Chamops
segnis
Anguidae
cf
.
Gerrhonotus
sp.
gen. et
sp
. indet.
Serpentes
Aniliidae
Coniopholis
cosgriffi
Crocodilia
Crocodylidae
Brachychampsa sp.
?
Brachychampsa
sp
.
Leidyosuchus sp.
?
Thoracosaurus
sp
.
indet
Saurischia
Ornithomimidae
cf
.
Ornithomimus
sp.
indet
Dromaeosauridae
indet
Troodontidae
indet
Tyrannosauridae
?
Albertosaurus
libratus
?
Albertosaurus
sp
.
n.
gen
.
et
sp.
Ornithischia
Nodosauridae
indet
Ankylosauria
indet
Pachycephalosauridae
indet
Ceratopsidae
Pentaceratops
sternbergii
indet
Hypsilophodontosauridae
?Thescelosaurus sp.
Hadrosauridae
Kritosaurus
navajovius
Parasaurolophus cyrtocristatus
?
Corythosaurus
sp.
Reptilia
incertae
sedis egg-shell
fragments
Mammalia
Multituberculata
Neoplagiaulacidae
Mesodma sp
.
?
Mesodma
sp.
?new genus and
species
?
Neoplagiaulacidae Cimexomys
cf
. C.
judithae
Ptilodontidae
Mesodma
cf. M. senecta
cf
.
Kimbetohia
campi?
Ptilodontidae
Mesodma
n. sp.
or Cimexomys cf. C.
antiquus
Cimolodontidae Cimolodon
electus Cimolodon
n. sp.
near
C
.
nitidus Cimolodon
sp. cf. Cimolodon sp.
Eucosmodontidae
new
genus
and species
cf
.
Eucosmodontidae
n.
gen
. et sp.
Cimolomyidae
Meniscoessus intermedius
cf.
Essonodon
n.
sp
.
?
Essonodon sp.
Family incertae sedis
Paracimexomys
judithae
Paracimexomys
n. sp.
?
Essonodon sp.
indet
Metatheria
Didelphidae
Alphadon
halleyi
Alphadon
parapraesagus
Alphadon
cf
. A.
wilsoni
Alphadon
cf
A
.
marshi
Alphadon
n. sp.
A
Alphadon
n. sp.
B
cf
. Peradectes sp. Ectocentrocristus foxi
Pediomyidae
Pediomys
fassetti
Pediomys
cf.
P
.
cooki
Aquiladelphis paraminor
Stagodontidae
cf. Eodelphis sp.
Eutheria
Leptictidae
?
Gypsonictops
clemensi
Gypsonictops
cf.
G
. lewisi
Gypsonictops
n. sp.
Palaeoryctidea
Cimolestes
lucasi
cf
.
Cimolestes sp
.
?
Nyctitheriidae
Paranyctoides
cf
. P.
sternbergii
Eutheria
incertae
sedis
indet
TABLE
6
.
Vertebrate
fauna of the Kirtland Formation (pre-Naashoibito
Member
).
from
Gilmore (1916
.
1919
,
1935
),
Wiman (1930
,
1931
,
1932
,
1933
),
Powell (1973)
,
Clemens (1973)
,
Kues
et
al. (1977)
,
Armstrong-Ziegler
(1978)
,
Lucas (1981)
,
Mateer (1981)
,
Lucas et al. (1987)
,
Flynn
(1986)
,
Bryant (1987)
,
Hall
and
Wolberg
(1989)
,
Lehman and Carpenter (1990)
, and this
paper
.
TABLE
7. Vertebrate fauna of the Naashoibito
Member
of
the Kirtland
For
Ā
mation from
Brown
(1910)
,
Hay
(1908
,
1910
),
Gilmore
(1916
,
1919
.
1922
).
Wiman (1931
,
1933
), Mateer (1976),
Kues et al. (1977)
,
Lehman
(1981
,
1984
,
1985
),
Lucas et al. (1987)
and this
paper
.
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Selachii
Lepisosteidae
Atractasteus
sp
.
Cyprinidae
indet
Reptilia
Testudines
Baenidae
"
Baena
"
nodosa
Thescelius
insiliens
Neurankylus eximius
Compsemys
sp.
Trionychidae
Aspideretes
vorax
Aspideretes
fontanus
Aspideretes
austerus
Dermatemydidae
Adocus
vigoratus
Basilemys nobilis Holplochelys
cf. H.
bicarinata
Crocodilia
Goniopholididae
Goniopholis
sp
.
Crocodylidae
indet
Saurischia
Ornithomimidae
indet
Dromaeosauridae
indet
Tyrannosauridae
?
Albertosaurus
sp.
cf.
Tyrannosaurus sp.
Saurornithoididae
indet
Sauropodomorpha
Titanosauridae
Alamosaurus sanjuanensis
Ornithischia
Ankylosauridae
indet
Nodosauridae
?
Panoplosaurus
sp.
indet
Ankylosauria
indet
Ceratopsidae
Torosaurus
cf.
Torosaurus
latus
indet
Hadrosauridae
Edmontosaurus saskatchewanensis
Parasaurolophus
tubicen
indet
Mammalia
Multituberculata
Neoplagiaulacidae
Mesodma
formosa
Cimolomyidae
Essonodon
browni cf
.
Meniscoessus
sp.
Metatheria
Didelphidae
Alphadon
marshi
Alphadon sp.
Squatirhinidae
indet
Batoidea
Dasyatidae
Myledaphus
sp.
Osteichthyes
Amiiformes
Amiidae
?
Amia
chauliodeia
Melvius
thomasi
Lepidosteiformes
Lepisosteidae
Atractasteus occidentalis
Atractasteus
sp.
Reptilia
Testudines
Baenidae
"
Baena
" nodosa
"
Baena
"
ornata
"
Baena
"
sp.
Boremys
pulchra
Neurankylus eximius
Thescelus
insiliens
Dermatemydidae
Adocus
bossi
Adocus kirtlandius
Basilemys
nobilis
Trionychidae
Aspideretes ovatus
Aspideretes
vorax
Plastomenus
robustus
Plastomenus
sp.
Platypeltis
sternbergi
Crocodilia
Goniopholidae
Goniopholis
kirtlandicus
Crocodylidae
Brachychampsa
sp.
Leidyosuchus
sp.
?
Thoracosaurus sp.
Saurischia
Ornithomimidae
cf
.
Struthiomimus
sp
.
Dromaeosauridae
indet
Tyrannosauridae
Albertosaurus sp.
Aublysodon
cf. A.
mirandus
Ornithischia
Nodosauridae
?Euplocephalus sp.
indet
Ankylosauria
indet
Ceratopsidae
cf.
Chasmosaurus
sp.
Pentaceratops
fenestratus
Hadrosauridae
Kritosaurus navajovius
Parasaurolophus sp.
Mammalia
Multituberculata
Neoplagiaulacidae
Mesodma
formosa
Cimolomyidae
cf.
Meniscoessus sp.
Metatheria
Didelphidae
Alphadon
marshi
with the
publication
of two important books (
Weishampel
et
al
.. 1990;
Carpenter
and Currie. 1990). Thus,
we
briefly
review
some aspects
of
the
faunas
and
describe some
recently collected specimens
.
Unfortunately
, the recent literature lacks species-level revisions of some
of
the most
important taxa, notably
the
Hadrosauridae
,
Ceratopsidae
and
Tyrannosauridae
.