The genus Cacodaemon (Coleoptera, Endomychidae) of Vietnam Author Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-9249 Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Tarumi 3 - 5 - 7, Matsuyama, 790 - 8566 Japan hymushi@agr.ehime-u.ac.jp Author Pham, Thai Hong Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, VAST, 321 Huynh Thuc Khang, Hue, Vietnam & Graduate School of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam text ZooKeys 2022 2022-01-14 1081 127 136 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1081.75927 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1081.75927 1313-2970-1081-127 AD2D54F556D14DB2B7F8F3B3E0528394 A101072FE2F95283985CF69DC922CED0 Cacodaemon laotinus laotinus (Arrow, 1920) Figs 1A-1D , 2A-2D , 3A-3D , 4A-4H , 5A , 5B Amphisternus bellicosus var. laotinus Arrow, 1920: 322. Amphisternus laotinus : Arrow 1928 : 343; Strohecker 1953 : 110. Cacodaemon laotinus : Strohecker 1964 : 350; Shockley et al. 2009 : 36. Material examined. 1 male & 1 female (EUMJ), "[ Laos ] East Nong Het Xieng Khouang Prov. 25. VI. 2006 J. Yamasako leg." ; 3 males & 1 female (NIAS, VNMN), " Tam Dao N. Vietnam June 1996 ", " T. Kumasawa Collection " ; 1 female (NIAS), " Tam Dao N. Vietnam 1 May 1997 ", " T. Kumasawa Collection " ; 4 males & 1 female (SEHU), " Tam Dao VI 1994 ", "A. TANAKA Coll. (田中 明 ) Sehu Japan 2005" . Diagnosis. This is a distinct species in the genus by having the following characteristics: elytral appendages, apical parts of femur, and antennomere 1 tinged with orange/dull orange; DA conoidal, not simply pointed. Redescription. Male. Body (Fig. 1A , 1C ) oval, convex dorsally, weakly shiny. Coloration of body black; BA, DA, PA, humeral parts, and apical parts of femur orange; antennomere 1 I and anterolateral corners of pronotum dull orange. Figure 1. Habitus of Cacodaemon spp. A-D C. laotinus laotinus , Vietnamese specimens ( A, B ) and Laotian specimens ( C, D ) E C. vietnamensis sp. nov., holotype F C. proavus A, B male C, D-F female. Scales: 1.0 mm. Head finely punctate. Antennae long and slender; antennomere 3 longest, a little shorter than 4 and 5 combined; club (antennomeres 9-11) distinctly wide. Pronotum impunctate, microreticulate, widest at middle; basal and lateral grooves shallow; front corners projecting and pointed; lateral margins slightly tapered anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior corners slightly projecting posterolaterally; PLM/PLS 0.74-0.77 (0.75); PWM/PWA 1.14-1.23 (1.20); PWM/PLM 1.43-1.52 (1.49); PWM/PLS 1.06-1.17 (1.12). Fore tibia (Fig. 2A , 2C ) straight and long, slender, with a sharp denticle at middle of inner margin. Elytra (Fig. 3A , 3C ) finely and sparsely punctate, microreticulate; BA large tubercle; HA long spine, projecting laterally, stout in basal part; DA projecting dorsally, conoidal, with small spine or dull apex, stout in basal part; PA a pair of tubercles; apex of elytra with long spines; EL/EWH 0.90-0.92 (0.91); EL/PLM 3.43-3.51 (3.46); EWH/PWM 2.46-2.67 (2.58); EWH/PWM 1.73-1.67 (1.71); TL/EWH 1.15-1.19 (1.17). Aedeagus (Fig. 4 ) stout; apical branch (ab) short, with acute apex; subapical branch (sb) long, slightly curved, with pointed apex. Figure 2. Fore tibiae of Cacodaemon spp. A-D C. laotinus laotinus , Vietnamese specimens ( A, B ) and Laotian specimens ( C, D ) E C. vietnamensis sp. nov., holotype F C. proavus A, C male B, D-F female. Scale: 1.0 mm. Female (Figs 1B , 1I , 3B , 3D ). Sexual dimorphism distinct in the following characteristics: fore tibia (Fig. 2B , 2D ) straight and long, lacking denticle; posterior corners of pronotum right-angled. PLM/PLS 0.73-0.74 (0.74); PWM/PWA 1.26-1.27 (1.27); PWM/PLM 1.52-1.57 (1.54); PWM/PLS 1.13-1.14 (1.14); EL/EWH 0.92; EL/PLM 3.43-3.74 (3.59); EWH/PWM 2.46-2.58 (2.52); EWH/EWM 1.76-1.72 (1.74); TL/EWH 1.17-1.19 (1.18). Sternite VIII (Fig. 5A ) deeply emarginate at posterior margin. Ovipositor (Fig. 5B ) bearing long setae along lateral margins of fused coxites; posterior margin of fused coxites arcuate; styli bearing long setae. Measurement. Male from Vietnam ( N = 3). TL 10.20-10.45 (10.34) mm; PWM 3.30-3.58 (3.44) mm; PWA 2.80-2.90 (2.87) mm; PLM 2.30-2.35 (2.32) mm; PLS 3.05-3.10 (3.08) mm; EL 7.90-8.10 (8.03) mm; EWH 8.80-9.00 (8.87) mm; EWM 5.10-5.40 (5.20) mm. Male from Laos ( N = 1). TL 10.10 mm; PWM 3.45 mm; PWA 2.80 mm; PLM 2.30 mm; PLS 3.10 mm; EL 7.80 mm; EWH 8.28 mm; EWM 5.00 mm. Female from Vietnam ( N = 2). TL 10.20-10.90 (10.55) mm; PWM 3.50-3.60 (3.55) mm; PWA 2.75-2.85 (2.80) mm; PLM 2.30 mm; PLS 3.10-3.15 (3.13) mm; EL 7.90-8.60 (8.25) mm; EWH 8.60-9.30 (8.95) mm; EWM 4.90-5.40 (5.15) mm. Female from Laos ( N = 1). TL 9.00 mm; PWM 3.25 mm; PWA 2.70 mm; PLM 2.00 mm; PLS 3.00 mm; EL 7.00 mm; EWH 7.60 mm; EWM 4.70 mm. Distribution. Laos, Vietnam (new record). Remarks. As already mentioned by Strohecker (1964) , Cacodaemon laotinus yunnanensis (Kryzhanovskij, 1960) described from Yunnan (China), is thought to be an infraspecific variation. We do not treat this subspecies in this paper because the holotype could not be examined.