The Early Pleistocene freshwater mollusks of the Denizli Basin (Turkey): a new long-lived lake fauna at the crossroads of Pontocaspian and Aegean-Anatolian realms Author Neubauer, Thomas A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 SNSB - Bavarian State Collection for Palaeontology and Geology, Richard-Wagner-Strasse 10, 80333 Munich, Germany & Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands neubauer@snsb.de Author Wesselingh, Frank P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-0701 Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands & Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8 a, 3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands text Zitteliana 2023 2023-12-12 97 53 88 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115682 2747-8106-97-53 933EC356F21C45AF9CFA563E64D27953 4A3318772B185D35B1E7EC9578EF4A47 Valvata piscinalis ( Mueller , 1774) Fig. 14A-D *1774 Nerita piscinalis - Mueller : 172. 1928 Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis piscinalis ( Mueller ) - Wenz: 2443-2445. 2002 Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis piscinalis (O. F. Mueller 1774) - Gloeer : 190-191, textfig. 2019. 2012 Valvata piscinalis ( Mueller , 1774) - Welter-Schultes: 44, unnumbered textfig. 2019 Valvata (Cincinna) piscinalis piscinalis (O. F. Mueller , 1774) - Gloeer : 204-205, textfig. 256. Material. 1 specimen (RGM 962694) from sample 3. Dimensions. 6.25 x 6.15 mm. Remarks. This well-known extant species is a typical representative of Quaternary freshwater mollusk faunas. It is known for its morphological variability, especially concerning the outline shape, ranging from nearly conical to broadly ovoid, being a result of an inflated penultimate whorl ( Gloeer 2002 , 2019 ; Welter-Schultes 2012 ). The apex is depressed, the aperture is nearly circular and the umbilicus is wide. All these features match well the Turkish specimen, which also shows an expanded penultimate whorl. Only, it is slightly larger than the average extant members of the species (up to 4.5 mm high and 5 mm broad; Gloeer 2019 ). Figure 14. Valvatidae of the Kolankaya I fauna. A-D. Valvata piscinalis ( Mueller , 1774), RGM 962694, sample 3. E-H, U, V. Valvata sp. 1, RGM 1365352, sample 1. I-L, W. Valvata sp. 1, RGM 962695, sample 2. M-P . Valvata gregaria Bukowski, 1896, lectotype (designated by Willmann 1981 ), IGUW 1895 XII/25, Skiadhi Monastery, Rhodes, Greece, Istrios Formation (Pliocene). Q-T. Valvata gregaria Bukowski, 1896, paralectotype, IGUW 1895 XII/26, same locality and stratum. Scale bars: 1 mm ( A-T ); 100 μm ( U-W ). The material also resembles the depressed morphotype of the extant Valvata lilljeborgi Westerlund, 1897 in terms of the inflated penultimate whorl. That species comprises a broader range of morphologies, also including unusually high-spired forms ( Vinarski et al. 2013 ). The species is today restricted to cold-temperate regions of the Baltic Sea Basin, the Dnieper Basin, and Western Siberia ( Vinarski et al. 2013 ; Gloeer 2019 ). Considering the above, we consider an identification with the more common V. piscinalis more likely. Distribution. Today present throughout the Palearctic, also introduced to North America ( Welter-Schultes 2012 ; Gloeer 2019 ). Common in Upper Miocene to Pleistocene deposits across Europe (Wenz 1923).