Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean Author In, First Published text Zootaxa 2022 2022-06-02 5146 1 129 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5146.1.1 1175­5334 7626155 52C3E5E3-80B6-49DB-BC9C-194560D491F7 Cronius ruber ( Lamarck, 1818 ) ( Fig. 27C, F ) Portunus ruber Lamarck, 1818: 260 . Trindade specimens. 1 juvenile male ( MZUSP 40173 ), Brazil , off Espírito Santo , Trindade Island , Enseada dos Portugueses , 20°30’17.7”S , 29°18’56.7”W , J.B. Mendonça coll., 18.iv.2014 , 10.2 m . Size of largest male: cl 7 mm , cw 10 mm . Comparative material examined. Cronius ruber : Brazil : 1 female ( MZUSP 4243 ), São Sebastião , São Paulo , E. Garbe coll. , 1915. Distribution. Amphi-Atlantic. Western Atlantic: New Jersey, Virginia throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Antilles, Colombia , Venezuela , and Brazil ( Amapá to Rio Grande do Sul ) ( Rodriguez 1980 ; Lemaitre 1981 ; Williams 1984 ; Melo 1996 ; Felder et al. 2009 ). Williams (1984) cautioned that the record from New Jersey was based on a single male taken in 1974. This is the first record of Cronius ruber from Trindade. Eastern Atlantic: Madeira, Canary Islands ( González et al. 2017 ; Schäfer et al. 2019 ; Maggio et al. 2021 ), Cape Verde Islands, Dakar , Senegal ( Monod 1956 ; Manning & Holthuis 1981 ; Fransen 1991 ). Ecological notes. Inhabits hard- (rocks, coralline reefs, rubbles, sublittoral caves) and soft bottoms (organogenic and, occasionally sandy bottoms, sand-seagrass meadow including Thalassia testudinum ) between the tide mark to 105 m ( Coelho & Ramos 1972 ; Heck 1977 ; González et al. 2017 ). Cronius ruber has been reported to use colonies of the bryozoan Schizoporella unicornis as a feeding site (Ales et al. 2013); juveniles were found in association with the sponge Amphimedon viridis (see Alves et al. 2012c ). In Trindade, C. ruber was found in sandy bottom, close to rocks. A West African female was found to carry 474,400 eggs ( González et al. 2017 ). Ovigerous females are parasitized by Sacculina ( Rodríguez 1982 ) . Freitas et al. (2017) reported that the grouper Epinephelus morio (Valenciennes) feeds more heavily on crustaceans, particularly on C. ruber in the Abrolhos Bank ( Bahia , Brazil ); the grouper E. striatus , the mutton snapper Lutjanus analis (Cuvier) and Octopus vulgaris are also known to prey upon C. ruber ( Randall 1967 ; Anderson et al. 2008 ; Begossi et al . 2012 ). thunborgii Euphrasén, 1795 , and clarified that P. ruber should be conserved by reversal of precedence under Art. 23.9.1 of the ICZN (1999: 27) . Manning & Holthuis (1981) discussed the morphological differences between the west- and east Atlantic populations of C. ruber ( Fig. 27C, F ) and mentioned that the name C. millerii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1867 ) is available for the west African population if, ultimately, it proves to be taxonomically distinct.