Morphological and molecular evidence for the occurrence of three Hippocampus species (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) in Brazil
Author
Silveira, Rosana Beatriz
Author
Siccha-Ramirez, Raquel
Author
Silva, José Rodrigo Santos
Author
Oliveira, Claudio
text
Zootaxa
2014
3861
4
317
332
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3861.4.2
08a893d4-52b8-48c2-b6fc-f3c259be9836
1175-5326
228069
90D58311-C740-4D8B-9F36-98DDF72221E4
Hippocampus patagonicus
Piacentino & Luzzatto, 2004
Hippocampus patagonicus
Piacentino e Luzzatto, 2004
: 340 (orig. descr.; Negro River, San Antonio Oeste Bay,
Argentina
;
holotype
MACN 8806).
Diagnosis.
(Proportions and meristic data of
59 specimens
,
32–153 mm
in height). Rings 11 + 34–37. Dorsal-fin rays 16–19 on 2 + 1 rings; pectoral-fin rays 13–15; anal-fin rays 4.
HL/SnL 2.85–3.9. Coronet little developed, CI 1–2. Spines small to medium, rounded. Sphenotic bone with one strong spine on each side of head; frontal with one simple spine over each eye. Spines on the body and tail distributed regularly on the rings or absent; dermal appendages on body and tail spines may be present in both juveniles and adults.
Coloration.
Body color varies: brown, beige, yellow and white; pattern of dark diagonal streaks on the side of the head bordered by intense pigmentation formed by tiny white dots. Tiny black dots and small white dots constituting irregular-shaped spots on body and tail. Dorsal fin with diffuse pigmentation and dark elongated spot on first rays, edges of fin without pigmentation in some fish (
Figure 2
E).
Habitat.
Shallow waters up to
22 m
in depth. Found on marine algae, principally on floating
Sargassum
sp., sponges and artificial substrates.
Distribution.
Americas, Western Atlantic:
Argentina
and
Brazil
(
Piacentino & Luzzatto, 2004
;
Boehm
et al.
, 2013
;
González
et al.
2014
; present study).